Della Robbia Pottery
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The Della Robbia Pottery factory was founded in 1894 in Birkenhead by Harold Rathbone and Conrad Dressler (1856-1940) . Rathbone had been a pupil of Ford Madox Brown, who was one of the founders of the Arts and Crafts movement. Dressler was a sculptor and also an inventor of a type of kiln. However Rathbone was not a businessman and so Dressler left after three years. The pottery closed in 1906.
The firm specialized in tiles, earthenware and particularly relief plaques inspired by the work of the Florentine sculptor Luca della Robbia and his family. Local red clay from Moreton, Cheshire, was used. The pottery had lustrous lead glazes and often used patterns of interweaving plants, typical of Art Nouveau, with heraldic and Islamic motifs.
The Della Robbia mark is usually handwritten on the base of pieces with a ship device, and often the initials of the designer and decorator, and sometimes the date. Example initials include:
- 'C' for Charles Collis
- 'C.A.W.' for Cassandia Annie Walker
- 'C.M.' for Carlo Manzoni (1855-1910)
- 'L.W.' for Liza Wilkins
- 'R.B' for Ruth Bare
An uncommon handwritten mark incorporates the name 'Salopian', which is an apparent reference to the Salopian Art Pottery manufactured by the Benthall Pottery, at Benthall, Shropshire. The two firms produced similar polychrome sgraffito pieces, and there was evidently a link between them.
Della Robbia art pottery was widely sold by Liberty & Co. A large collection of Della Robbia pottery can be seen at the Williamson Art Gallery in Birkenhead. Some is also at Standen (near East Grinstead) owned by the National Trust.
