DEFB4

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Defensin, beta 4
PDB rendering based on 1e4q.
Available structures: 1e4q, 1fd3, 1fd4, 1fqq
Identifiers
Symbol(s) DEFB4; DEFB-2; DEFB102; DEFB2; HBD-2; SAP1
External IDs OMIM: 602215 HomoloGene: 87854
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 1673 n/a


Refseq NM_004942 (mRNA)
NP_004933 (protein)		 n/a (mRNA)
n/a (protein)
Pubmed search [1] n/a

Defensin, beta 4, also known as DEFB4, is a human gene.

Defensins form a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. This gene encodes defensin, beta 4, an antibiotic peptide which is locally regulated by inflammation.[1]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Entrez Gene: DEFB4 defensin, beta 4.

[edit] Further reading

  • Weinberg A, Krisanaprakornkit S, Dale BA (1999). "Epithelial antimicrobial peptides: review and significance for oral applications.". Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 9 (4): 399–414. PMID 9825219. 
  • Schröder JM, Harder J (1999). "Human beta-defensin-2.". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 31 (6): 645–51. PMID 10404637. 
  • Harder J, Bartels J, Christophers E, Schröder JM (1997). "A peptide antibiotic from human skin.". Nature 387 (6636): 861. doi:10.1038/43088. PMID 9202117. 
  • Bals R, Wang X, Wu Z, et al. (1998). "Human beta-defensin 2 is a salt-sensitive peptide antibiotic expressed in human lung.". J. Clin. Invest. 102 (5): 874–80. PMID 9727055. 
  • Liu L, Wang L, Jia HP, et al. (1999). "Structure and mapping of the human beta-defensin HBD-2 gene and its expression at sites of inflammation.". Gene 222 (2): 237–44. PMID 9831658. 
  • Mathews M, Jia HP, Guthmiller JM, et al. (1999). "Production of beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides by the oral mucosa and salivary glands.". Infect. Immun. 67 (6): 2740–5. PMID 10338476. 
  • Jia HP, Mills JN, Barahmand-Pour F, et al. (1999). "Molecular cloning and characterization of rat genes encoding homologues of human beta-defensins.". Infect. Immun. 67 (9): 4827–33. PMID 10456937. 
  • Yang D, Chertov O, Bykovskaia SN, et al. (1999). "Beta-defensins: linking innate and adaptive immunity through dendritic and T cell CCR6.". Science 286 (5439): 525–8. PMID 10521347. 
  • Diamond G, Kaiser V, Rhodes J, et al. (2000). "Transcriptional regulation of beta-defensin gene expression in tracheal epithelial cells.". Infect. Immun. 68 (1): 113–9. PMID 10603376. 
  • Harder J, Meyer-Hoffert U, Teran LM, et al. (2000). "Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta, but not IL-6, induce human beta-defensin-2 in respiratory epithelia.". Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 22 (6): 714–21. PMID 10837369. 
  • Hoover DM, Rajashankar KR, Blumenthal R, et al. (2000). "The structure of human beta-defensin-2 shows evidence of higher order oligomerization.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (42): 32911–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006098200. PMID 10906336. 
  • Meyer JE, Harder J, Görögh T, et al. (2000). "[hBD-2 gene expression in nasal mucosa]". Laryngorhinootologie 79 (7): 400–3. PMID 11005092. 
  • Ali RS, Falconer A, Ikram M, et al. (2001). "Expression of the peptide antibiotics human beta defensin-1 and human beta defensin-2 in normal human skin.". J. Invest. Dermatol. 117 (1): 106–11. doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01401.x. PMID 11442756. 
  • Carothers DG, Graham SM, Jia HP, et al. (2001). "Production of beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides by maxillary sinus mucosa.". American journal of rhinology 15 (3): 175–9. PMID 11453504. 
  • Biragyn A, Surenhu M, Yang D, et al. (2002). "Mediators of innate immunity that target immature, but not mature, dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens.". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6644–53. PMID 11714836. 
  • Bauer F, Schweimer K, Klüver E, et al. (2002). "Structure determination of human and murine beta-defensins reveals structural conservation in the absence of significant sequence similarity.". Protein Sci. 10 (12): 2470–9. PMID 11714914. 
  • Takahashi A, Wada A, Ogushi K, et al. (2001). "Production of beta-defensin-2 by human colonic epithelial cells induced by Salmonella enteritidis flagella filament structural protein.". FEBS Lett. 508 (3): 484–8. PMID 11728477. 
  • Schibli DJ, Hunter HN, Aseyev V, et al. (2002). "The solution structures of the human beta-defensins lead to a better understanding of the potent bactericidal activity of HBD3 against Staphylococcus aureus.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (10): 8279–89. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108830200. PMID 11741980. 
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