Daigakkō

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daigakkō (大学校 daigakkō?) is a word used in names of some post-secondary educational institutions in Japan. The word is translated "academy", "college" or "university" in their English names. (It is a literal translation of "Grandes écoles", elite higher institutions in France. The National Defense Academy of Japan (Bōei Daigakkō) was established École Polytechnique as its model.)

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[edit] Daigakkō and other post-secondary institutions

In Japan use of the word "daigakkō" is not regulated by laws or ordinances. They could offer accredited full-time six-year courses or a single-day training courses depending on institution and course. They can be established by national and local governments or can be private institutions. Some daigakkōs may be recognised as "specialized training colleges" (ja:専修学校 senshū gakkō?) by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) or "miscellaneous schools" (ja:各種学校 kakushu gakkō?) by the local board of education or the governor of the prefecture.

It is also true for "daigaku" (大学) but the word "daigakkō" is a word to clarify that the daigakkō does not award academic degrees of its own. Currently no institutions (their English names could be "university", "institute of technology", "medical college" or "junior college") established or recognised directly by the MEXT and can offer academic degrees of their own carry "daigakkō" in their names. They use "daigaku (大学)" or "tanki daigaku" (短期大学 for a junior college) instead.

In early Meiji era The Imperial College of Engineering (工部大学校 Kōbu Daigakkō?) was a mainstream higher education institution established by Monbushō (current MEXT).

[edit] Daigakkō with NIAD-UE accredited courses: equivalent as universities

Some daigakkō's mainstream courses are accredited by the National Institution for Academic Degrees and University Evaluation (NIAD-UE), an independent administrative institution (IAI) affiliated with the MEXT and the graduates can obtain academic degrees awarded by the NIAD-UE by application.

[edit] Administered by the national government: tuition-fee free, salary paid

The mainstream students of above daigakkōs are tuition fee free. They are paid salaries (except the NCN) by the national government as the establishing administrations' employees. The NDMC's graduates who retire before serving nine years for Japan Self-Defense Forces must refund their training costs.

[edit] Independent administrative institutions: tuition fee payable

The mainstream students of the above daigakkōs must pay tuition fee similar to Japanese national universities.

[edit] Daigakkō without NIAD-UE accredited courses

[edit] Administered by the national government

They run training courses for public servants. Note institutions whose objectives and functions are similar but names are not daigakkō, say gakkō (School) are not included in this list.

[edit] Administered by a special institution

Postal College runs training courses for the employees of Japan Post.

[edit] Administered by Independent Administrative Institutions

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[edit] Administered by local governments

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[edit] Independent Administrative Institution

[edit] Private Institutions

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[edit] South Korean Universities

South Korean universities use the same Chinese character word "大学校" in their names.

[edit] See also

See for a partial list.

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