Daifang Commandery

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Daifang Commandery
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese: 帶方郡
Korean name
Hangul: 대방군
Hanja: 帶方郡

Daifang Commandery was one of the remnants of the Four Commanderies of Han China in the Korean peninsula.

Contents

[edit] History

Gongsun Kang, a warlord in Liaodong, separated the southern half from the Lelang commandery and established the Daifang commandery in 204 to make administration more efficient. He controlled southern natives with Daifang instead of Lelang.

In 236 under the order of Ming Di of Kingdom of Wei, Sima Yi conquered the Gongsun family and annexed Liaodong, Lelang and Daifang to Wei. A dispute over the control of southern natives caused their revolt. The armies of Lelang and Daifang eventually stifled it.

The Daifang commandery was inherited by the Jin Dynasty. Due to bitter civil wars, Jin became unable to control the Korean peninsula at the beginning of the 4th century. Zhang Tong (張統) broke away from Jin in Lelang and Daifang. After Luoyang, the capital of Jin, was occupied by the Xiongnu in 311, he went for help to Murong Hui, a Xianbei warlord, with his subjects in 314. Goguryeo annexed Lelang and Daifang soon after that. The Chinese residents maintained their own cultures for a century.

[edit] Area

The Daifang commandery was located in Hwanghaedo. According to a Chinese official chronicle, the Book of Jin (晉書), it had the following seven prefectures (縣):

  • Daifang Prefecture (帶方)
  • Liekou Prefecture (列口)
  • Nanxin Prefecture (南新)
  • Changcen Prefecture (長岑)
  • Tixi Prefecture (提奚)
  • Hanzi Prefecture (含資)
  • Haiming Prefecture (海冥)

The capital was put in the Daifang prefecture. The controversy over its location is not resolved yet. Chinese historians believe that it was on the Han River, while archaeologists and Korean historians insist that a site of a city in Hwanghae province is the capital.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  • Nahm, Andrew C. (1988). Korea: Tradition and Transformation - A History of the Korean People. Elizabeth, NJ: Hollym International.
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