Cynopolis

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Cynopolis (Greek for "city of the dog")[1] was the name for two ancient Egyptian cities.

Contents

[edit] Cynopolis superior

Cynopolis, the Greek name for the ancient Egyptian town Hardai [2] in the seventeenth nome of Upper Egypt, was home to the cult of Anupet, the feminine form of Anubis [3], and of Anubis [4]. A burial ground for dogs is found on the opposite Nile bank near Hamatha. Rivalries between neighbouring cities are reported: according to Plutarch (De Iside, 72) when an inhabitant of Cynopolis ate an Oxyrrhynchos fish the people of Oxyrrhynchos started attacking dogs in revenge which resulted in a little civil war.[5]

According to Ptolemy the town was situated on an island in the river.[6] The modern settlement identified with Cynopolis is el Kays. [7] The nome of Cynopolis extended to both banks of the Nile.[8]

Cynopolis was destroyed by the vice-roy of Nubia Pinehesy during the reign of Ramses XI, and the survivors were enslaved [9].

[edit] Cynopolis inferior

There was a second Cynopolis, referred to as Cynopolis Inferior or Cynum,[10] which was located in the Busirite nome in the Nile delta,[11][12] modern Meniet ebn Kasib.[13]


Both Cynopolis superior and Cynopolis inferior were bishoprics in Christian times. [14]

[edit] Bibliography

  • Adrian Room, Placenames Of The World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites, McFarland & Company 2006
  • I. E. S. Edwards et al. The Cambridge ancient history, Cambridge University Press
  • Michael Rice, Swifter Than the Arrow: The Golden Hunting Hounds of Ancient Egypt, I.B.Tauris 2000
  • Wolfgang Helck, Die altägyptischen Gaue, L. Reichert 1974
  • Edward William Lane, Description of Egypt: Notes and Views in Egypt and Nubia, American Univ. in Cairo Press 2000, ISBN 9774245253. The text was written in the 1830's.
  • Archibald Henry Sayce, Gaston Maspero, M. L. McClure, L. W. King, H. R. Hall, History of Egypt, Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, The Grolier Society 1904
  • Joseph Bingham, The Antiquities of the Christian Church Part 1, Kessinger Publishing 2005
  • Jean Hardouin, Ange Augustin Thomas Pihan Delaforest eds., Historiae naturalis libri XXXVII By the Elder Pliny, N.E. Lemaire 1828
  • Karl Otfried Müller, Strabonis Geographicorum tabulae XV by Strabo, Editore Ambrosio Firmin

Didot 1877

  • Johann Elieser Theodor Wiltsch, Handbuch der kirchlichen Geographie Statistik von den Zeiten der Apostel bis zu dem Anfange des sechszehnten Jahrhunderts

[edit] References and footnotes

  1. ^ Room, op.cit., p.102
  2. ^ Edwards et al.,op.cit., p.631
  3. ^ Rice, op.cit., p.152
  4. ^ Helck, op.cit., p.113
  5. ^ Sayce et al., op.cit., p.77
  6. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.31
  7. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.27
  8. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.248
  9. ^ Edwards, op.cit., p.631
  10. ^ Wiltsch, op.cit., p.184
  11. ^ Bingham, op.cit., p.356
  12. ^ Müller, op.cit., p.786
  13. ^ Hardouin, op.cit., p.464
  14. ^ Wiltsch, op.cit., pp.184f.
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