Cryptography standards
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
There are a number of standards related to cryptography. Standard algorithms and protocols provide a focus for study; standards for popular applications attract a large amount of cryptanalysis.
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[edit] Encryption standards
- Data Encryption Standard (DES, now obsolete)
- Triple-DES
- Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
- RSA the original public key algorithm
- OpenPGP
- CipherSaber
[edit] Hash standards
- MD5 128-bit (obsolescent)
- SHA available in 160, 256, 384 and 512-bit variants
- HMAC keyed hash
- PBKDF2 Key derivation function (RFC 2898)
[edit] Digital signature standards
- Digital Signature Standard (DSS), based on the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)
- RSA
[edit] Public-key infrastructure (PKI) standards
- X.509 Public Key Certificates
[edit] Wireless Standards
- Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), severely flawed and superseded by WPA)
- Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) better than WEP, a 'pre-standard' partial version of 802.11i
- 802.11i a.k.a. WPA2, uses AES and other improvements on WEP
- A5/1 and A5/2 cell phone encryption for GSM
[edit] U.S. Government Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
- FIPS PUB 31 Guidelines for Automatic Data Processing Physical Security and Risk Management 1974
- FIPS PUB 46-3 Data Encryption Standard (DES) 1999
- FIPS PUB 73 Guidelines for Security of Computer Applications 1980
- FIPS PUB 74 Guidelines for Implementing and Using the NBS Data Encryption Standard 1981
- FIPS PUB 81 DES Modes of Operation 1980
- FIPS PUB 102 Guideline for Computer Security Certification and Accreditation 1983
- FIPS PUB 112 Password Usage 1985, defines 10 factors to be considered in access control systems that are based on passwords
- FIPS PUB 113 Computer Data Authentication 1985, specifies a Data Authentication Algorithm (DAA) based on DES, adopted by the Department of Treasury and the banking community to protect electronic fund transfers.
- FIPS PUB 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules 2001, defines four increasing security levels
- FIPS PUB 171 Key Management Using ANSI X9.17 (ANSI X9.17-1985) 1992, based on DES
- FIPS PUB 180-2 Secure Hash Standard (SHS) 2002 defines the SHA family
- FIPS PUB 181 Automated Password Generator (APG) 1993
- FIPS PUB 185 Escrowed Encryption Standard (EES) 1994, a key escrow system that provides for decryption of telecommunications when lawfully authorized.
- FIPS PUB 186-2 Digital Signature Standard (DSS) 2000
- FIPS PUB 190 Guideline for the Use of Advanced Authentication Technology Alternatives 1994
- FIPS PUB 191 Guideline for the Analysis of local area network Security 1994
- FIPS PUB 196 Entity Authentication Using Public Key Cryptography 1997
- FIPS PUB 197 Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 2001
- FIPS PUB 198 The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) 2002
[edit] Internet Requests for Comments (RFCs)
[edit] Classified Standards
- EKMS NSA's Electronic Key Management System
- FNBDT NSA's secure narrow band voice standard
- Fortezza encryption based on portable crypto token in PC Card format
- STE secure telephone
- STU-III older secure telephone
- TEMPEST prevents compromising emanations
[edit] Other
- IPsec Virtual Private Network (VPN) and more
- IEEE P1393 covers most aspects of cryptography
- Transport Layer Security (formerly SSL)
- SSH secure Telnet and more
- Content Scrambling System (CSS, the DVD encryption standard, broken by DeCSS)
- Kerberos authentication standard
- RADIUS authentication standard
- ANSI X9.59 electronic payment standard
- Common Criteria Trusted operating system standard
- CRYPTREC Japanese Government's cryptography recommendations
