Crown glass (window)
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Crown glass was an early type of window glass. In this process, glass was blown into a "crown" or hollow globe. This was then flattened by reheating and spinning out the bowl-shaped piece of glass (bullion) into a flat disk by centrifugal force, up to 5 or 6 feet (1.5 to 1.8 metres) in diameter. The glass was then cut to the size required.
The thinnest glass was in a band at the edge of the disk, with the glass becoming thicker and more opaque toward the center.
Due to the distribution of the best glass, in order to fill large window spaces many small diamond shapes would be cut from the edge of the disk and these would be mounted into a lead lattice work and fitted in the window. Known as a bulls-eye, the center area was used for less expensive windows.
Crown glass was one of the two most common processes for making glass for windows up until the 19th century. The other was blown plate. The process was first perfected by French glassmakers in the 1320s, notably around Rouen. The process was kept a careful trade secret. As a result, crown glass was not made in London until 1678.
Crown glass is one of many types of hand-blown glass. Other methods include: broad sheet, blown plate, polished plate and cylinder blown sheet. These methods of manufacture lasted at least until the end of the 19th century. The early 20th century marks the move away from hand-blown to machine manufactured glass such as rolled plate, machine drawn cylinder sheet, flat drawn sheet, single and twin ground polished plate and float glass.
[edit] References
- Hand-blown glass: manufacturing process. London Crown Glass Company. Retrieved on December 30, 2005.
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