Creaky voice
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- See also: Vocal fry register
| Phonation |
|---|
| Glottal states (from open to closed) |
| voiceless (full airstream) |
| breathy voice (murmur) |
| whisper |
| slack voice |
| modal voice (maximum vibration) |
| stiff voice |
| creaky voice (restricted airstream) |
| glottalized (blocked airstream) |
| Supra-glottal phonation |
| faucalized voice ("hollow") |
| harsh voice ("pressed") |
| strident (harsh trilled) |
| Vocal registers |
| whistle |
| falsetto |
| modal |
| vocal fry |
 |
This article does not cite any references or sources. (April 2008) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
In linguistics, creaky voice (sometimes called laryngealisation, pulse phonation or, vocal fry or glottal fry), is a special kind of phonation[1][2] in which the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx are drawn together; as a result, the vocal folds are compressed rather tightly, becoming relatively slack and compact. They vibrate irregularly at 20–50 pulses per second, about two octaves below the frequency of normal voicing, and the airflow through the glottis is very slow. However, although creaky voice may occur with very low pitch, as at the end of a long intonation unit, it can occur with any pitch.
A slight degree of laryngealisation, occurring e.g. in some Korean consonants is called "stiff voice".
The Danish prosodic feature stød is an example of a form of laryngealisation that has a phonemic function.
Creaky voice manifests itself in the idiolects of some American English speakers, particularly at the beginnings of sentences that the speaker wishes to "soft-pedal". Although this phenomenon is in general more prominent among female American English speakers than among male speakers, it is frequently adopted by older males in leadership positions in business and politics.
It can also occur accidentally when the speaker's throat is tired, or if the speaker is sick, and tries to reach very high notes.
[edit] References
- ^ Titze, I. R. (2008). The human instrument. Sci.Am. 298 (1):94-101. PM 18225701
- ^ Titze, I.R. (1994). Principles of Voice Production, Prentice Hall, ISBN 978-0137178933.
