Craniopharyngioma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Craniopharyngioma Classification and external resources |
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|---|---|
| Craniopharyngioma | |
| ICD-10 | D44.4 |
| ICD-9 | 237.0 |
| ICD-O: | 9350/1 |
| DiseasesDB | 3153 |
| MedlinePlus | 000345 |
| eMedicine | radio/196 |
| MeSH | D003397 |
Craniopharyngioma is a type of tumor that constitutes 9% of all pediatric brain tumors.[citation needed] They usually occur in children between 5 and 10 years of age.[1]
It has a point prevalence of approximately 2/100,000.[2]
They are also known as Rathke pouch tumors, hypophyseal duct tumors, or adamantinomas.
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[edit] Presentation
They are very slow growing tumors. They arise from the cells along the pituitary stalk. They are classified as benign.[3]
Craniopharyngioma is a rare, usually suprasellar[4] neoplasm, which may be cystic, that develops from the nests of epithelium derived from Rathke's pouch. Recall that Rathke's pouch is an embryonic precursor of the anterior pituitary. Calcifications are visible on neuroimaging and are helpful in diagnosis. On macroscopic examination, craniopharyngiomas are cystic or partially-cystic with solid areas. On light microscopy, the cysts are seen to be lined by stratified squamous epithelium. Keratin pearls may also be seen. The cysts are usually filled with a yellow, viscous fluid that is rich is cholesterol crystals. In addition to a long list of possible symptoms, the most common presentation include: headaches, growth failure, and bitemporal hemianopia.
[edit] Histology
The histologic pattern consists of nesting of squamous epithelium bordered by radially arranged cells. It is frequently accompanied by calcium deposition and have a microscopic papillary architecture.
[edit] Possible symptoms
- Anorexia
- Balance disorder
- Dry skin
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Headache (obstructive hydrocephalus)
- Lethargy
- Myxedema
- Nausea
- Short stature
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria (diabetes insipidus)
- Vision loss (bitemporal hemianopsia)
- Vomiting
- Weight gain
- amenorrhea
[edit] References
- ^ Hamid R, Sarkar S, Hossain MA, Mazumder U, Akanda NI, Parvin R (2007). "Clinical picture of craniopharyngioma in childhood". Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ 16 (2): 123–6. PMID 17703145.
- ^ Garnett MR, Puget S, Grill J, Sainte-Rose C (2007). "Craniopharyngioma". Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2: 18. doi:. PMID 17425791.
- ^ Garrè ML, Cama A (2007). "Craniopharyngioma: modern concepts in pathogenesis and treatment". Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 19 (4): 471–9. doi:. PMID 17630614.
- ^ Rodriguez FJ, Scheithauer BW, Tsunoda S, Kovacs K, Vidal S, Piepgras DG (2007). "The spectrum of malignancy in craniopharyngioma". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 31 (7): 1020–8. doi:. PMID 17592268.
[edit] External links
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