Corruption in India
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Corruption is widespread in India. It is prevalent within every section and every level of the society[1], though it may be reducing.[2] Corruption has taken the role of a pervasive aspect of Indian politics and bureaucracy.[3]
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[edit] Forms of corruption
In India, corruption takes the form of bribes, evasion of tax and exchange controls, embezzlement, etc.
A 2005 study done by Transparency International (TI) India found that more than 50% had firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling influence to get a job done in a public office.[4]
[edit] Corruption in religious institutions
In India, the corruption has also crept into religious institutions. Some members of the Church are making money by selling Baptism certificates.[5] A group of church leaders and activists has launched a campaign to combat the corruption within churches.[6]
[edit] Effects
The chief economic consequences of corruption are the loss to the exchequer, an unhealthy climate for investment and an increase in the cost of government-subsidised services. The TI India study estimates the monetary value of petty corruption in 11 basic services provided by the government, like education, healthcare, judiciary, police, etc., to be around Rs.21,068 crores.[4] India still ranks in the bottom quartile of developing nations in terms of the ease of doing business, and compared to China and other lower developed Asian nations, the average time taken to secure the clearances for a startup or to invoke bankruptcy is much greater.[7]
[edit] Whistleblowers
Whistleblowers play a major role in the fight against corruption (See the TI page here http://www.transparency.org/index.php/news_room/in_focus/2007/whistleblowers). India even today does not have a law to protect whistleblowers. However subsequent to the murder of whistleblower Sri Satyendra Dubey, Government of India after much pressure directed by an order making the Central Vigilance Commission to hear and protect whistleblowers. The latest Administrative Reforms Commission also has suggested to encourage whistleblowing and to protect whistleblowers. But this benefit is not available to whistleblowers working to any officer working under state governments. An ongoing effort can be seen here http://fightcorruption.wikidot.com
[edit] References
- ^ Where will corruption take India? People's Union for Civil Liberties
- ^ Believe it or not! India is becoming less corrupt. CNN-IBN. September 26, 2007.
- ^ Corruption in India
- ^ a b c Centre for Media Studies (2005). "India Corruption Study 2005: To Improve Governance Volume – I: Key Highlights". . Transparency International India
- ^ Are even the Priests taking to corruption?
- ^ Indian Campaign Against Church Corruption
- ^ Economic Survey 2004–2005.
[edit] Further reading
- Kohli, Suresh (1975), Corruption in India: The Growing Evil, ISBN 0861865804.
- Dwivedy, Surendranath & G. S. Bhargava (1967), Political Corruption in India.
- Gupta, K. N. (2001), Corruption in India, Anmol Publications Pvt Ltd, ISBN 8126109734.
- Halayya, M. (1985), Corruption in India, Affiliated East-West Press.
- Guhan, Sanjivi & Samuel Paul (1997), Corruption in India: Agenda for Action, Vision Books.
- Vittal, N. (2003), Corruption in India: The Roadblock to National Prosperity, Academic Foundation, ISBN 8171882870.
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