Copley Medal
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The Copley Medal is a scientific award for distinguished achievement in any field of science established by the Royal Society of London 1731. It is the Society's highest and oldest award.
The Copley Medal has its beginnings in 1709 with a bequest by Sir Godfrey Copley, 2nd Baronet of GB£100 to the Royal Society. Copley, a wealthy landowner from Sprotbrough, near Doncaster, South Yorkshire, was elected to the Society in 1691.
The Copley Medal is one of ten awarded by the Society, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences. Medalists are are selected by the Fellows of the Society, and are presented with a medal of silver gilt, and a GB£5,000 purse.
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[edit] Medalists
[edit] 1700s
- 1731: Stephen Gray
- 1732: Stephen Gray
- 1734: John Theophilus Desaguliers
- 1736: John Theophilus Desaguliers
- 1737: John Belchier
- 1738: James Valoue
- 1739: Stephen Hales
- 1740: Alexander Stuart
- 1741: John Theophilus Desaguliers
- 1742: Christopher Middleton
- 1743: Abraham Trembley
- 1744: Henry Baker
- 1745: William Watson
- 1746: Benjamin Robins
- 1747: Gowin Knight
- 1748: James Bradley
- 1749: John Harrison
- 1750: George Edwards
- 1751: John Canton
- 1752: John Pringle
- 1753: Benjamin Franklin
- 1754: William Lewis
- 1755: John Huxham
- 1757: Lord Charles Cavendish
- 1758: John Dollond
- 1759: John Smeaton
- 1760: Benjamin Wilson
- 1764: John Canton
- 1766: William Brownrigg; Edward Delaval; Henry Cavendish
- 1767: John Ellis
- 1768: Peter Woulfe
- 1769: William Hewson
- 1770: William Hamilton
- 1771: Matthew Raper
- 1772: Joseph Priestley
- 1773: John Walsh
- 1775: Nevil Maskelyne
- 1776: James Cook
- 1777: John Mudge
- 1778: Charles Hutton
- 1780: Samuel Vince
- 1781: William Herschel
- 1782: Richard Kirwan
- 1783: John Goodricke; Thomas Hutchins
- 1784: Edward Waring
- 1785: William Roy
- 1787: John Hunter
- 1788: Charles Blagden
- 1789: William Morgan
- 1791: James Rennell; Jean-André Deluc
- 1792: Benjamin Thompson
- 1794: Alessandro Volta
- 1795: Jesse Ramsden
- 1796: George Atwood
- 1798: Sir George Shuckburgh-Evelyn, 6th Baronet; Charles Hatchett
- 1799: John Hellins
[edit] 1800s
- 1800: Edward Howard
- 1801: Astley Paston Cooper
- 1802: William Hyde Wollaston
- 1803: Richard Chenevix
- 1804: Smithson Tennant
- 1805: Humphry Davy
- 1806: Thomas Andrew Knight
- 1807: Everard Home
- 1808: William Henry
- 1809: Edward Troughton
- 1811: Benjamin Collins Brodie
- 1813: William Thomas Brande
- 1814: James Ivory
- 1815: David Brewster
- 1817: Henry Kater
- 1818: Robert Seppings
- 1820: Hans Christian Ørsted
- 1821: Edward Sabine; John Herschel
- 1822: William Buckland
- 1823: John Pond
- 1824: John Brinkley
- 1825: François Arago; Peter Barlow
- 1826: James South
- 1827: William Prout; Henry Foster
- 1831: George Biddell Airy
- 1832: Michael Faraday; Simeon Poisson
- 1834: Giovanni Plana
- 1835: William Snow Harris
- 1836: Jöns Jakob Berzelius; Francis Kiernan
- 1837: Antoine César Becquerel; John Frederic Daniell
- 1838: Carl Friedrich Gauss; Michael Faraday
- 1839: Robert Brown
- 1840: Justus Liebig; Jacques Charles François Sturm
- 1841: Georg Ohm
- 1842: James MacCullagh
- 1843: Jean Baptiste Dumas
- 1844: Carlo Matteucci
- 1845: Theodor Schwann
- 1846: Urbain Le Verrier
- 1847: John Herschel
- 1848: John Couch Adams
- 1849: Roderick Murchison
- 1850: Peter Andreas Hansen
- 1851: Richard Owen
- 1852: Alexander von Humboldt
- 1853: Heinrich Wilhelm Dove
- 1854: Johannes Peter Müller
- 1855: Léon Foucault
- 1856: Henri Milne-Edwards
- 1857: Michel Eugène Chevreul
- 1858: Charles Lyell
- 1859: Wilhelm Weber
- 1860: Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
- 1861: Louis Agassiz
- 1862: Thomas Graham
- 1863: Adam Sedgwick
- 1864: Charles Darwin
- 1865: Michel Chasles
- 1866: Julius Plücker
- 1867: Karl Ernst von Baer
- 1868: Charles Wheatstone
- 1869: Henri Victor Regnault
- 1870: James Prescott Joule
- 1871: Julius Robert von Mayer
- 1872: Friedrich Woehler
- 1873: Hermann Helmholtz
- 1874: Louis Pasteur
- 1875: August Wilhelm Hofmann
- 1876: Claude Bernard
- 1877: James Dwight Dana
- 1878: Jean Baptiste Boussingault
- 1879: Rudolf Clausius
- 1880: James Joseph Sylvester
- 1881: Karl Adolph Wurtz
- 1882: Arthur Cayley
- 1883: William Thomson, Lord Kelvin
- 1884: Carl Ludwig
- 1885: Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
- 1886: Franz Ernst Neumann
- 1887: Joseph Dalton Hooker
- 1888: Thomas Henry Huxley
- 1889: George Salmon
- 1890: Simon Newcomb
- 1891: Stanislao Cannizzaro
- 1892: Rudolf Virchow
- 1893: George Gabriel Stokes
- 1894: Edward Frankland
- 1895: Karl Weierstrass
- 1896: Karl Gegenbaur
- 1897: Albert von Kolliker
- 1898: William Huggins
- 1899: Lord Rayleigh
[edit] 1900s
- 1900: Marcellin Berthelot
- 1901: Willard Gibbs
- 1902: Lord Lister
- 1903: Eduard Suess
- 1904: William Crookes
- 1905: Dmitri Mendeleev
- 1906: Elias Metchnikoff
- 1907: Albert Abraham Michelson
- 1908: Alfred Russel Wallace
- 1909: George William Hill
- 1910: Francis Galton
- 1911: George Howard Darwin
- 1912: Felix Klein
- 1913: Ray Lankester
- 1914: J. J. Thomson
- 1915: Ivan Pavlov
- 1916: James Dewar
- 1917: Emile Roux
- 1918: Hendrik Lorentz
- 1919: William Bayliss
- 1920: Horace Brown
- 1921: Joseph Larmor
- 1922: Ernest Rutherford
- 1923: Horace Lamb
- 1924: Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
- 1925: Albert Einstein
- 1926: Frederick Hopkins
- 1927: Charles Sherrington
- 1928: Charles Parsons
- 1929: Max Planck
- 1930: William Bragg
- 1931: Arthur Schuster
- 1932: George Ellery Hale
- 1933: Theobald Smith
- 1934: John Scott Haldane
- 1935: Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
- 1936: Arthur Evans
- 1937: Henry Dale
- 1938: Niels Bohr
- 1939: Thomas Hunt Morgan
- 1940: Paul Langevin
- 1941: Thomas Lewis
- 1942: Robert Robinson
- 1943: Joseph Barcroft
- 1944: Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
- 1945: Oswald Theodore Avery
- 1946: Edgar Douglas Adrian
- 1947: G.H. Hardy
- 1948: Archibald Vivian Hill
- 1949: George Charles De Hevesy
- 1950: James Chadwick
- 1951: David Keilin
- 1952: Paul Dirac
- 1953: Albert Kluyver
- 1954: Edmund Whittaker
- 1955: Ronald Fisher
- 1956: Patrick Blackett
- 1957: Howard Florey
- 1958: John Edensor Littlewood
- 1959: Frank Macfarlane Burnet
- 1960: Harold Jeffreys
- 1961: Hans Krebs
- 1962: Cyril Norman Hinshelwood
- 1963: Paul Fildes
- 1964: Sydney Chapman
- 1965: Alan Hodgkin
- 1966: William Lawrence Bragg
- 1967: Bernard Katz
- 1968: Tadeus Reichstein
- 1969: Peter Medawar
- 1970: Alexander Todd
- 1971: Norman Pirie
- 1972: Nevill Mott
- 1973: Andrew Huxley
- 1974: W. V. D. Hodge
- 1975: Francis Crick
- 1976: Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
- 1977: Frederick Sanger
- 1978: Robert Burns Woodward
- 1979: Max Perutz
- 1980: Derek Harold Richard Barton
- 1981: Peter D. Mitchell
- 1982: John Cornforth
- 1983: Rodney Porter
- 1984: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
- 1985: Aaron Klug
- 1986: Rudolph Peierls
- 1987: Robert Hill
- 1988: Michael Francis Atiyah
- 1989: Cesar Milstein
- 1990: Abdus Salam
- 1991: Sydney Brenner
- 1992: George Porter
- 1993: James D. Watson
- 1994: Charles Frank
- 1995: Frank Fenner
- 1996: Alan Cottrell
- 1997: Hugh Huxley
- 1998: James Lighthill
- 1999: John Maynard Smith
[edit] 2000s
- 2000: Alan Battersby
- 2001: Jacques Miller
- 2002: John Pople
- 2003: John Gurdon
- 2004: Harold Kroto
- 2005: Paul Nurse
- 2006: Stephen Hawking
- 2007: Robert May
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- The Copley Medal (1731). The Royal Society (2008). Retrieved on 2008-04-29.
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