Contextualization
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Contextualization has more than one meaning.
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[edit] Sociolinguistics
Contextualization is a word first used in sociolinguistics to refer to the use of language and discourse to signal relevant aspects of an interactional or communicative situation. Basil Bernstein (1990) uses (re)contextualization when referring to the reformulation of scientific knowledge in pedagogical contexts, for instance in textbooks. John Gumperz (1982a, 1982b) and others in interactional sociolinguistics study subtle 'contextualization cues', for instance intonation, that allow language users to infer contextually adequate meanings of discourse (see also Eerdmans, Prevignano & Thibault, 2002).
References
- Bernstein, B. (1990). Class, codes and control. Vol. IV. The structuring of pedagogic discourse. London: Routledge.
- Eerdmans, S., Prevignano, C., & Thibault, P. (2002). Language and interaction. Discussions with J. J. Gumperz. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
- Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Gumperz, J. J. (Ed.). (1982). Language and social identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Website
- Interactional Sociolinguistics. Useful links: http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/Interact/links.htm
[edit] Bible translation
Contextualization is also used in the study of Bible translations in relation to their relevant cultural settings. It was adopted formally by a gathering of scholars in the Theological Education Fund (TEF) [1] in its mandate to communicate the Gospel and Christian teachings in cultures which had not previously experienced them. Prior to the use of the word contextualization many cross-cultural linguists, anthropologists and missionaries had been involved in such communication approaches such as in accommodating the message or meanings to another cultural setting.
The word continues to be used theologically, mainly in the sense of contextualising the biblical message as perceived in the mandate originated by Jesus in the gospel accounts. However, since the early 1970s, the word's meaning has widened. It is now used by secular, religious and political groups to render their message into different settings by adjusting or accommodating words, phrases or meanings into understandable contexts in respondent cultures.
Contextualisation in practice
An individual may espouse a particular worldview within a context of his or her knowledge and understanding, background, and culture: for instance, a Muslim may hold a monotheistic view of God within the context of his religion. Contextualisation addresses the question of whether that monotheistic God is the same as the monotheistic God within another religion, e.g. Judaism.
In order to enable ideas to be compared across the boundaries of different faiths, a whole series of religious terms will be needed to be contextualised as part of the flow of knowledge from one to the other.
