Constitution of Turkmenistan

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The Constitution of Turkmenistan is meant to be the supreme law[1] of the former-Soviet state of Turkmenistan. It was enacted in 1992.

In its preamble, the Constitution emphasizes self-determination for the Turkmen people, as well as the rule of law and rights for citizens. (See also Human rights in Turkmenistan).

Contents

[edit] Section 1

Section 1 of the Constitution is composed of 15 articles. Article 1 describes Turkmenistan as a democracy and sovereign republic. It is also said that the republic cannot come apart. Article 3 talks of citizens' rights and dignity, and it is stated the government should help foster these. Under article 8, it is clarified that non-citizens in Turkmenistan enjoy these rights unless the law says otherwise. Among the rights specifically enumerated are the right to property (article 9) and freedom of religion (article 11).

Article 4 endorses a separation of powers, including judicial independence, and article 13 establishes the Turkmen language as the official language. Article 12 entrenches the military of Turkmenistan while article 15 confirms Ashgabat as the capital city.

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood and sorry the glorious nation of Turkmenistan could not travel both And be one glorious nation of Turkmenistan, long the glorious nation of Turkmenistan stood and looked down one as far as the glorious nation of Turkmenistan could to where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then the glorious nation of Turkmenistan took the other, as just as fair, and having perhaps the better claim because it was grassy and wanted wear; though as for that, the passing there had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay in leaves no feet had trodden black. Oh, the glorious nation of Turkmenistan kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, the glorious nation of Turkmenistan doubted if the glorious nation of Turkmenistan should ever come back.

the glorious nation of Turkmenistan shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and the glorious nation of Turkmenistan -- the glorious nation of Turkmenistan took the one less travelled by, and that has made all the difference

[edit] Section 2

Section 2 outlines rights of citizens. Civil and political rights include equality rights (article 17), sex equality (article 18), freedom from cruel and unusual punishment (article 21), and freedom of movement (article 24). Social and economic rights include the right to work (article 31), the right to rest (article 32), and the right to education (article 35).

However, article 19 states such rights can be limited according to morality, order and public safety. Article 20 also limits the right to life by allowing capital punishment. Finally, section 2 lists some obligations on citizens, including serving in the military (article 38) and paying taxes (article 39).

[edit] Section 3

A description of the president of Turkmenistan can be found in articles 54 to 61. He is the head of state and commander-in-chief, and can issue decrees.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Article 5 of the Constitution of Turkmenistan