Confluence
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This simplified diagram shows how a section of the Industrial Canal in New Orleans also serves as the channel for the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal. At the bottom, a portion of the Intracoastal is also shown to be confluent with the Mississippi River.
Confluence, in geography, describes the meeting of two or more bodies of water. It usually refers to the point where a tributary joins a more major river, called the mainstem, when that major river is also the highest order stream in the drainage basin.
The term is also used to describe the meeting of tidal or other non-riverine bodies of water, such as two canals[1] or a canal and a lake.[2] A one-mile (1.6 km) portion of the Industrial Canal in New Orleans accommodates the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal; therefore those three waterways are confluent there.
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[edit] Notable confluences
- Allahabad in India, where the sacred rivers Ganges, Yamuna and Saraswati meet. It is one of the holiest places in Hinduism. The confluence itself is called Triveni Sangam.
- The merging of the Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers. This merging point is the beginning of the Ohio River, thus forming a confluence in Pittsburgh.
- The Madison, Jefferson and Gallatin Rivers in Three Forks, Montana form the confluence of the Missouri River, one of the longest rivers in the United States (2,341 miles (3,767 km)).
- Kuala Lumpur the capital of Malaysia, is situated at the confluence of the Sungai Gombak, (previously known as Sungai Lumpur, which means muddy river) and Sungai Klang (Klang river).
- Passau known also as the Dreiflüssestadt (City of Three Rivers), because the Danube River is joined there by the Inn River from the South, and the Ilz River coming out of the Bavarian Forest to the North.
- Manaus, Brazil is located on the Rio Negro near its confluence with the Amazon. It is the chief port and a hub for the region's extensive river system.
- Osijek, Croatia is located on the right bank of the river Drava 25km upstream of its confluence with the Danube.
- Belgrade, the capital of Serbia lies at the confluence of the Sava and Danube Rivers.
- The Hochelaga Archipelago, including the island and city of Montreal, is located at the confluence of the St. Lawrence River and Ottawa River in Quebec, Canada.
- The two largest rivers in Australia, the Darling and the Murray converge at Wentworth, New South Wales
[edit] Integer latitudes and longitudes
Confluence also describes a location where integer latitude and integer longitude lines cross. The point in extreme northeastern New Jersey at is such a confluence point. The Degree Confluence Project endeavors to catalog and photograph all such points on the globe.[3]
[edit] References
- ^ The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers refers to the confluence of the Assawoman Canal with the Bethany Loop Canal in Delaware. See: CENAP-OP-R-Quarterly Report, 2004-05-12. Philadelphia Engineer District. Retrieved on 2006-03-11.
- ^ Engineers in New Orleans refer to the confluence of the 17th Street Canal and Lake Pontchartrain. See: Interim Closure Structure at 17th St. Canal. Task Force Guardian. Retrieved on 2006-03-11.
- ^ DCP: Information. Degree Confluence Project. Retrieved on 2006-03-11.
[edit] See also
