Commemorative Air Force
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The Commemorative Air Force (CAF), formerly known as the Confederate Air Force, is a Texas-based non-profit organization dedicated to preserving and showing historical aircraft at airshows primarily throughout the U.S. and Canada. The CAF also has extensive aircraft collection on static display in their American Airpower Heritage Museum[1] at Midland International Airport, located in Midland, Texas.
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[edit] Objectives
The main objectives of the CAF are:[2]:
- To acquire, restore, and preserve in flying condition a complete collection of combat aircraft which were flown by all military services of the United States, and selected aircraft of other nations, for the education and enjoyment of present and future generations of Americans,
- To construct or obtain museum buildings for the permanent protection, maintenance, and display of these historic aircraft, period artifacts, and documents as a tribute to the thousands of men and women who built, serviced, and flew them and to build and organize the "American Combat Airman Hall of Fame",
- To perpetuate the spirit in which such combat aircraft were flown in the defense of our nation, in the memory and hearts of all Americans, and
- To establish an organization having the dedication, enthusiasm, and Esprit de Corps necessary to operate, maintain, and preserve these aircraft as symbols of our American Military Aviation Heritage.
[edit] Hall of Fame
CAF hosts the American Combat Airman Hall of Fame[3] which honors those who build, service, and fly U.S. military aircraft; and recognizes those Americans who served in aviation during any military conflict that reflects or represents the credit of those fighting men and women of the United States.
[edit] Name
The original name, Confederate Air Force, started as a simple tongue in cheek type of joke, poking fun at their ragtag beginnings. As the collection of warbirds at Central Valley Airport in Mercedes, Texas started to grow, someone painted the name on the side of the original P-51 Mustang "Red Nose". The name stuck, and it grew to the point where the airport was renamed Rebel Field, all members were called "Colonels" (a tradition which still remains), and it led to the creation of a fictitious leader named Colonel Beauregard Throckmorton. There was even a humorous CAF twist put to the old AVG Flying Tigers WWII "blood chit" that read, “This foreign person has come to China to help in the war effort. Soldiers and civilians, one and all, should rescue, protect, and provide him medical care.” The CAF version seen on the backs of flight suits and flight jackets stated, "This is a CAF aviator. If found lost or unconscious, please hide him from Yankees, revive with mint julep and assist him in returning to friendly territory. CONFEDERATE AIR FORCE".
In 2002 it changed its name to Commemorative Air Force after a vote of the membership. Many felt the name Confederate Air Force was confusing, did not accurately reflect the purpose of the organization, and was detrimental to fundraising efforts. [4]
[edit] History
The origin[5] of the Commemorative Air Force dates back to 1951, with the purchase of a surplus Curtiss-Wright P-40 Warhawk by Lloyd Nolen, a former World War II Army Air Forces flight instructor. In 1957, Nolen and four friends purchased a P-51 Mustang, each sharing in the $1,500 cost of the aircraft. With the purchase of the Mustang, known as Red Nose, the group was unofficially founded.
In 1958, the group made their second purchase ~ two Grumman F8F Bearcats for $805 each. Along with the P-51, this gave the pilots the two most advanced piston-engine fighters to see service with the U.S. Army Air Forces and the U.S. Navy.
In 1960, the CAF began seriously to search for other World War II aircraft, but it became quickly apparent that few remained in flying condition. The CAF Colonels were shocked to find that the aircraft which played such a major role in winning World War II were being rapidly and systematically destroyed. No one, not even the Air Force or Navy, was attempting to preserve even one of each type of these historic aircraft for display for future generations.
On September 6, 1961, the CAF was chartered as a nonprofit Texas corporation in order to restore and preserve World War II-era combat aircraft. By the end of the year, there were nine aircraft in the CAF fleet. Their first airshow was held on March 10th, 1963
In 1965, the first museum building was completed at old Rebel Field, Mercedes, Texas. The CAF created a new Rebel Field at Harlingen, Texas, when they moved there in 1968, occupying three large buildings including 26,000 square feet of museum space. The CAF fleet continued to grow and included medium and heavy bombers such as the B-25, B-17, B-24, and in 1971, they added the only flyable B-29 Superfortress.
Its accomplishments were recognized in 1989 when it became a National Aviation Hall of Fame inductee. The year 1991 marked the beginning of a new era for the CAF with the opening of the new Midland, Texas, headquarters and museum facilities. Since its move to Midland, the American Airpower Heritage Museum and the American Combat Airman Hall of Fame were established.
[edit] Members
Today, the Commemorative Air Force comprises over 11,000 members comprising more than 70 regional groups, called wings or detachments, in 27 states and 4 other countries. Several hundred members actively serve as pilots and flight and/or maintenance crew members committed to preserving American combat aviation heritage. The CAF is an all-volunteer organization, made up of members from all walks of life. Membership is open to all men and women, age 18 or older. Those who are 13 years of age or older, may join as Cadet members. You need not be a veteran nor a pilot to join the CAF. Privately funded and totally self-supporting, the nonprofit, tax-exempt group is dedicated to preserving the military aviation heritage of World War II.
[edit] Aircraft
The CAF operates 150+ aircraft based with over 70 wings, in 27 states and 4 other countries. The entire collection of CAF aircraft is known as the CAF Ghost Squadron[6]. Its aircraft range from the small Stinson L-5 and Ryan PT-22 to the giant Boeing B-29 Superfortress, the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and the Consolidated B-24A Liberator AM927. Many of the CAF aircraft are rare - the CAF operates the only flying examples of the historic B-29 Superfortress and Curtiss SB2C Helldiver. Others, such as the Consolidated B-24/LB-30 Liberator, Bell P-63 Kingcobra fighter, Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Zero and SBD Dauntless, are one of only two or three of that type left flying today. The CAF also operates Axis and exotic aircraft such as the Mig 17 Fresco C.
Of the over 140 history aircraft operated by the CAF; about 100 are in flying condition at any given time. Restoration and maintenance of these 50+ year old planes is always ongoing.
- Aeronca L-3 Defender ("Grasshopper")
- Beech AT-11 Kansan
- Beech C-45 Expeditor (USN SNB and JRB)
- Bell P-39 Airacobra
- Bell P-63 Kingcobra
- Boeing PT-17 Kaydet (USN N2S)
- Boeing B-29 Superfortress
- Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress
- Cessna UC-94 (C-165 Airmaster)
- Cessna UC-78 Bobcat (RCAF Crane)
- Consolidated B-24A (RAF Liberator B.I) AM927
- Curtiss C-46 Commando
- Curtiss SB2C Helldiver (USAAF A-25)
- Curtiss P-40 Warhawk (Kittyhawk and Tomahawk)
- DeHavilland DH-94 Moth Minor
- DeHavilland DHC-1 Chipmunk
- Douglas A-26B-35DL " Spirit Of Waco " 41-39427 - Ranger Wing
- Douglas A-26B-50DL 44-34313 - Air Group One
- Douglas A-26C-40DT " Miss Murphy " 44-35601 - Rocky Mountain Wing
- Douglas A-26C-40DT " Daisy Mae " 44-35643 - Sierra Hotel A-26 Group
- Douglas B-23 Dragon
- Douglas C-47 Skytrain (USN R4D, RAF Dakota)
- Douglas SBD Dauntless (USAF A-24)
- ERCO YO-55 Ercoupe
- Fairchild PT-19, PT-23 and PT-26 Cornell
- Fairchild UC 61
- Fiesler Fi-156 Storch
- Fleet 16B Finch
- Focke-Wulf Fw-44 Stieglitz
- Goodyear FG-1D Corsair " 530 " 92468 - CAF Corsair Sponsor Group
- Grumman AF-2S Guardian
- Grumman TBM (TBF) Avenger
- Grumman FM-2 (F4F) Wildcat
- Grumman F6F Hellcat
- Grumman F8F Bearcat
- Interstate L-6 Grasshopper
- Japanese Zero fighter replica (North American Harvard conversion)
- Japanese Val dive bomber replica (North American SNJ conversion)
- Japanese Kate torpedo bomber replica (Vultee BT-13 Valiant conversion)
- Junkers Ju-52 (Spanish-built CASA 352L) German bomber/transport
- Lockheed C-60 Hudson (Model 18 Lodestar, A-28/29, C-56)
- Lockheed PV-2 Harpoon
- Lockheed T-33
- Messerschmitt Me-108 Taifun German liaison/trainer
- Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17
- Mitsubishi A6M3 Model 22 Zero Japanese carrier fighter
- Navy (Naval Aircraft Factory) N3N Yellow Peril
- North American P-51 Mustang
- North American AT-6 Texan (USN SNJ, RAF Harvard, various models)
- North American B-25J-5NC " Yellow Rose " 43-27868 - Yellow Rose Squadron
- North American B-25J-10NC " Maid in the Shade " 43-35972 - Arizona Wing
- North American PBJ-1J-30NC " Semper Fi " 44-30988 - Southern California Wing
- North American B-25J-30NC " Show Me " 44-31385 - Missouri Wing
- North American B-25J-32NC " Devil Dog " 44-86758 - Devil Dog Squadron
- North American BT-14 (see also BT-9)
- North American P-82 Twin Mustang
- North American T-28 Trojan
- PBY-6A Catalina
- Piper L-4 Grasshopper (J-3 Cub)
- Republic P-47N-5RE 44-88548 - Lobo Squadron / note: fuselage only
- Ryan PT-22 Recruit
- Ryan L-17 Navion
- Sikorsky UH-19 helicopter
- Stinson AT-19 Reliant (RNAF V-77)
- Stinson S-108 (World War II Civil Air Patrol)
- Stinson L-5 Sentinel (USN/Marines QY)
- Stinson L-9B Grasshopper
- Taylorcraft L-2 Grasshopper
- Vultee BT-13 and BT-15 (USN SNV, "Vibrator")
[edit] AIRSHO
AIRSHO[8] is a once-per-year event at Midland International Airport showcasing the CAF's aircraft. It is more than just an air show to the CAF. Because its aircraft tend to be spread out over large geographic distances and most Ghost Squadron aircraft rarely fly more than a few hours from their home base, AIRSHO is an opportunity to bring everyone back together again. Ghost Squadron aircraft usually attend AIRSHO every other year.
[edit] Wings and squadrons
The CAF has many wings and squadrons. Most are in the United States, but there are a few outside the country.
[edit] US wings and squadrons
- Alaska
- Anchorage — Alaska Wing
- Arizona
- Mesa — Arizona Wing
- California
- Camarillo — Southern California Wing
- Modesto — Central California Valley Squadron
- Oakland — Golden Gate Wing
- Riverside — Inland Empire Wing
- San Diego — Air Group One Wing
- Upland — Third Pursuit Squadron
- Colorado
- Grand Junction — Rocky Mountain Wing
- Metro Denver — Mile High Wing
- Florida
- Deland — Florida Wing
- Georgia
- Atlanta — Dixie Wing
- Illinois
- Chicago — Great Lakes Wing
- Indiana
- Indianapolis — Indiana Wing
- Iowa
- Davenport — Hawkeye Squadron
- Kansas
- Kansas City — Heart of America Wing
- Wichita — Jayhawk Wing
- Michigan
- Grand Rapids — West Michigan Wing
- Minnesota
- Duluth — Lake Superior Squadron 101
- South St. Paul — Minnesota Wing
- Mississippi
- Madison — Mississippi Wing
- Missouri
- Springfield — Ozark Mountain Squadron
- St. Louis — Missouri Wing
- Nebraska
- Omaha — Great Plains Wing
- Nevada
- Las Vegas — Nevada Wing
- New Mexico
- Albuquerque — Lobo Wing
- Hobbs — New Mexico Wing
- North Carolina
- Southern Pines — Carolinas Wing
- Ohio
- Cleveland — Cleveland Wing
- Columbus — Ohio Valley Wing
- Dayton — Wright Stuff Squadron
- Oklahoma
- Guymon — Cimmaron Strip Wing
- Oklahoma City — Oklahoma Wing
- Oklahoma City — Sierra Hotel A-26 Sponsor Group
- Tulsa — Spirit of Tulsa Squadron
- Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia — Delaware Valley Wing
- Pittsburgh — Keystone Wing
- Tennessee
- Kingsport — Tennessee Volunteer Squadron
- Memphis — Memphis Squadron
- Texas
- Abilene — Big Country Squadron
- Amarillo — Dew Line Squadron
- Brownsville — Rio Grande Valley Wing
- Burnet — Highland Lakes Squadron
- Conroe — Big Thicket Wing
- Corpus Christi — Third Coast Squadron
- Corsicana — Coyote Squadron
- Dallas/Fort Worth — Dallas/Fort Worth Wing
- Fredericksburg — Tex Hill Wing
- Georgetown — Devil Dog Squadron
- Graham — Cactus Squadron
- Houston — Gulf Coast Wing
- Houston — West Houston Squadron
- Marshall — Lone Star Wing
- Midland — AIRSHO Support Detachment
- Midland — B-29/B-24 Squadron
- Midland — High Sky Wing
- Midland — West Texas Wing
- Odessa — Desert Squadron
- San Marcos — Centex Wing
- San Marcos — Yellow Rose Squadron
- Waco — Ranger Wing
- Wharton — River Bend Squadron
- Utah
- Salt Lake City — Utah Wing
- Virginia
- Chesapeke — Old Dominion Squadron
- Manassas — National Capitol Squadron
- Washington
- Chewela — First Observation Detachment
- Wisconsin
- Milwaukee — Wisconsin Wing
- National Units
- Culpeper's Angels
- Explosive Ordnance Detachment
- Marshalling Detachment
- Medical Detachment
- Security Detachment
- TRARON
[edit] International wings & squadrons
- Australia
- New South Wales — Australian Wing
- France
- Aulnay Sous Bois — French Wing
- New Zealand
- Auckland — New Zealand Wing
- Switzerland
- Olten — Swiss Wing
[edit] See also
[edit] Other large collections of flying historic aircraft
- Collings Foundation in Stow, Massachusetts;
- Battle of Britain Memorial Flight at RAF Coningsby, UK
- Shuttleworth Collection at Old Warden near Biggleswade in Bedfordshire, England;
- Fantasy of Flight, in Polk City, Florida;
- Champlin Fighter Collection at the Seattle Museum of Flight (formerly housed at Mesa, Arizona;
- The Lone Star Flight Museum in Galveston, Texas.
- The Yankee Air Museum in Ypsilanti, Michigan.
- The Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum in St Louis, Missouri
[edit] References
- ^ Commemorative Air Force Website: American Airpower Heritage Museum Accessed August 14, 2007
- ^ Commemorative Air Force Website: CAF Unit Manual, Section 14 "Constitution and Bylaws (members only). Accessed July 22, 2007.
- ^ Commemorative Air Force website American Combat Airman Hall of Fame Accessd February 24, 2008
- ^ Commemorative Air Force Website: CAF News 2001 Press Release Accessed August 14, 2007
- ^ Commemorative Air Force Website: CAF History. Accessed July 22, 2007.
- ^ Commemorative Air Force web site: CAF Facts and Information Accessed July 22, 2007.
- ^ Commemorative Air Force Website: CAF "Diamond Lil" back to B-24A configuration Access August 14, 2007
- ^ FINA-CAF AIRSHO website. "FINA-CAF AIRSHO". Accessed July 22, 2007.
[edit] External links
- AirNav, FlightAware - Old Reb Airport Information
- AirNav, FlightAware - Midland International Airport Information
- Commemorative Air Force - Official site
- Commemorative Air Force Arizona Wing Museum - B-17G "Sentimental Journey"
- Commemorative Air Force Dixie Wing
- Commemorative Air Force Gulf Coast Wing - Home of B-17G "Texas Raiders"
- Commemorative Air Force Southern California Wing
- Commemorative Air Force Tora! Tora! Tora! Group site
- Commemorative Air Force Wright Stuff Squadron