Talk:Clostridium tetani
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[edit] Copyright violation check request
This is a automatic report by my bot that finds copyright violation. Please, expert people, clean this article, I think here is copyrighted stuff of University of Wisconsin Department of Bacteriology and maybe others... --F. Cosoleto 00:50, 8 December 2006 (UTC)
- google - http://www.tjclarkinc.com/bacterial_diseases/tetanus_and_botulism.htm
- google - http://textbookofbacteriology.net/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.bact.wisc.edu/themicrobialworld/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.smmu.edu.cn/zykj/~microbiology/tetanus.htm
- Tetanus toxin is one of the three most poisonous substances known, the other two being the toxins of botulism and diphtheria. The toxin is produced by growing cells and released only on cell lysis. Cells lyse naturally during germination the outgrowth of spores, as well as during vegetative growth. After inoculation of a wound with C. tetani spores, only a minimal amount of spore germination and vegetative cell growth are required until the toxin is produced.
- google - http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/infections/microbiology/bacteria/clostridium_tetani.htm
- Tetanospasmin is similar in structure to botulinum toxin, but very different in effect. It is a zinc-dependent metalloproteinase. There is a heavy protein chain and a light chain connected by a disulfide bridge. The bacterium synthesizes the tetanus toxin as a single 150kDa polypeptide chain (called the progenitor toxin), that is cleaved extracellularly by a bacterial protease into a 100 kDa heavy chain (fragment B) and a 50kDa light chain (fragment A) which remain connected by a disulfide bridge. The specific protease that cleaves the progenitor toxin can be found in culture filtrates of C. tetani. Cleavage of the progenitor toxin into A and B fragments can also be induced artificially with trypsin.
- google - http://www.tjclarkinc.com/bacterial_diseases/tetanus_and_botulism.htm
- google - http://textbookofbacteriology.net/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.bact.wisc.edu/themicrobialworld/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.biologybrowser.com/cgi-bin/search/r.cgi?ID=1152604493
- google - http://www.smmu.edu.cn/zykj/~microbiology/tetanus.htm
- Tetanospasmin initially binds to peripheral nerve terminals. It is transported within the axon and across synaptic junctions until it reaches the central nervous system. There it becomes rapidly fixed to gangliosides at the presynaptic inhibitory motor nerve endings, and is taken up into the axon by endocytosis. The effect of the toxin is to block the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (glycine and gamma-amino butyric acid) across the synaptic cleft, which is required to check the nervous impulse. If nervous impulses cannot be checked by normal inhibitory mechanisms, it produces the generalized muscular spasms characteristic of tetanus. Tetanospasmin appears to act by selective cleavage of a protein component of synaptic vesicles, synaptobrevin II, and this prevents the release of neurotransmitters by the cells.
- google - http://www.tjclarkinc.com/bacterial_diseases/tetanus_and_botulism.htm
- google - http://textbookofbacteriology.net/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.bact.wisc.edu/themicrobialworld/clostridia.html
- google - http://www.smmu.edu.cn/zykj/~microbiology/tetanus.htm
- The receptor to which tetanospasmin binds has been reported as ganglioside GT and/or GD1b, but its exact identity is still in question. Binding appears to depend on the number and position of sialic acid residues on the ganglioside. Isolated B fragments, but not A fragments will bind to the ganglioside. The A fragment has toxic (enzymatic) activity after the B fragment secures its entry. Binding appears to be an irreversible event. Recovery depends on sprouting a new axon terminal.
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- Yup, this is a big pile of copy vio here. The history indicates that the passages in question were all added by Jared Wilmoth (talk • contribs • logs) and appeared in the article: here. I will attempt to rewrite what I can, sigh.--DO11.10 01:56, 8 December 2006 (UTC)
- Okay, that should be fine, but I might have missed a few things...--DO11.10 05:21, 8 December 2006 (UTC)
- Thank you DO11.10 for your effort against copyright violations. --F. Cosoleto 15:33, 8 December 2006 (UTC)
[edit] Ways of prevention?
Please add ways of prevention. cow_2001 15:06, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
