Civilian casualties of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page.(December 2007) Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved.

The following is a list of incidents resulting in civilian casualties of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present) by Coalition Forces. The US-dubbed "Operation Enduring Freedom" was launched in October 2001 following the September 11, 2001 attacks, as a mission to remove the Taliban from Afghanistan. Although the Taliban government fell late in 2001 ^[1], fighting continues as of 2008 with the United States Military, the British Army, the Canadian Forces and all other NATO, and many NATO partner nations forces still heavily committed in the region.

As of 2007, the issue of civilians killed by foreign military forces was causing tension between these forces and Afghans. In May 2007, President Hamid Karzai summoned military commanders to warn them of the consequences of further deaths.^[2] There are no official figures of civilian deaths caused by the invasion, so it is necessary to aggregate individual reports. A statistical analysis up to June 2003 has been done by Marc Herold (below), but is disputed by involved parties.

Contents 1 Major casualties and accidental strikes 1.1 2001 1.2 2002 1.2.1 Total casualties (2001-2002) 1.3 2003 1.4 2004 1.5 2005 1.6 2006 1.6.1 Total casualties (2006) 1.7 2007 1.8 2008 2 See also 3 References

[edit] Major casualties and accidental strikes

[edit] 2001

Since late 2001 up to now, there have been numerous incidents of civilians killed in military operations against Taliban and Al-Qaida fighters, although U.S.-led coalition and NATO forces say they go to extreme lengths to avoid civilian casualties. The international troops accuse insurgents of blending in with local populations while attacking foreign and Afghan soldiers. Many other civilians have been killed in Taliban attacks, including scores in 2006- suicide bombings.^[3] This is an account of the many incidents in which civilians were killed.

• On October 9, 2001, in a news conference in Islamabad, Pakistan, a United Nations spokeswoman reported that a cruise missile had killed four U.N. employees and injured four others in a building several miles east of Kabul. The casualties were Afghans employed as security guards by the Afghan Technical Consultancy, the U.N. demining agency (Afghanistan is the most heavily mined country on the planet).^[4] The Taliban reported about 8 to 20 civilian casualties, unconfirmed by independent sources.^[5]

• On October 10, 2001, the Sultanpur mosque in Jalalabad was bombed (BBC) twice - once during prayer, and again when rescue workers returned to remove the wounded and the dead. Initial casualty estimates ranged from 15-70 in the first attack, and up to 120 in the second. This two-hit bombing was repeated later on November 19, when 32 people were killed in Shamshad and then the rescuers were hit again. Several other mosques were bombed later, such as the Kunduz mosque on October 12 and the particularly deadly bombing of the Kala Shah Pir village mosque on October 23. On the same day, the villages of Darunta, Torghar, and Farmada were bombed, killing between 28 and 100 people.

• On October 11, 2001, the village of Karam was completely destroyed. (The Guardian) Reporters on the scene reported having to hold their noses due to the smell. Between 160 and 200 people, in addition to their livestock, were killed, as reported by the surviving villagers. In response, Donald Rumsfeld stated "We do not have information that validates any of that", but added that Washington's information on the ground was "imperfect". Al-Qaeda was believed to have training camps and ammunition storage tunnels in the area around Karam.

• On October 17, 2001, downtown Kandahar was targeted with bombs and rockets in the area around a ministry building; the bombing destroyed several dozen stores and homes, and killing between 40 and 47 people. This was repeated the following day elsewhere in Kandahar, where bombs near the Kepten intersection destroyed a bazaar and killed between 10 and 47 additional people. This began a relatively deadly few days, where 40 people were killed in the Kabul area on the 18th, several dozen people were killed in Tarin Kot on the 19th, and 60-70 were killed in Herat and 50 killed in Kandahar on the 20th.^{[citation needed]}

• On October 21, 2001, the casualty rate peaked with the bombing of a hospital and mosque in Herat. The 200 bed hospital, used for both military and civilian patients, was reportedly not the target; the target was 300 feet (91 m) away. Approximately 100 bodies were found among the wreckage. On the same day, over 20 people (including 9 children) died when the tractor trailer used by several families to flee Tarin Kut was bombed (similar to an event on October 24); a stray bomb in the Parod Gajadad district of Khair Khana destroyed two homes; in another district of Khair Khana, 18 people were killed when 17 homes were destroyed by a bomb that missed a military base by 1/2 mile (800 m); 5 people from Kabul's Kaluezaman Khan neighborhood were killed; an 8 year old girl was killed in Macroyan, Kabul; 11 people were killed in Tarin Kut; and 3 were killed in Kandahar city. The following day, the casualty rate didn't fall much, with the coalition stepping up the targeting of fuel trucks and the accidental bombing of homes and shops in several cities, killing well over 100 people.^{[citation needed]}

• On October 23, 2001, the village of Chowkar Kariz was destroyed; testimony from the survivors indicated a casualty number between 52 and 93. Times journalist Paul Rogers reported that "not a single house has been left intact" and that "evidence that this remote spot had ever been used for military or terrorist purposes is non-existent." In the face of opposition from human rights groups, including Human Rights Watch, U.S. officials continued to claim that the town was a "fully legitimate target" and that "the people there are dead because we wanted them dead." This was the last major case of civilian casualties for the next few weeks, as incidents dropped to an average of four per day and an average of about 8 casualties per said attack. The most lethal attack between the 23rd and November 4, 2001 was an attack on residential areas in Kabul on October 29 that took 25 lives.^{[citation needed]}

• October 26, 2001, Twenty three people were killed in a bombing raid in the village Thori in the Urozgan province.^[6]

• On November 5, 2001, an upswing in civilian casualties occurred with major attacks on Kabul and villages in the Balkh province. The most deadly of the attacks occurred in Ogopruk village, near Mazar e Sharif, where 36 people in a residential area were killed by stray bombs. The daily civilian casualty rate remained over 50 through November 10, where it peaked with attacks on three villages near Khakrez that killed approximately 125 people.^{[citation needed]}

• On November 13, 2001, an American missile went "awry", according to the Pentagon, and destroyed the Al-Jazeera bureau in Kabul. In (November 27, 2003 Hearst Newspapers, www.commondreams.org/scriptfiles/views03/1127-07.htm).

• On November 17, 2001, 62 people were killed in the bombing of a Madrassa in Khost, while 42 nomads were killed near Maiwand, two families with a total of 30 people were killed in Charikar village, 28 people were killed in Zani Khel village, and other scattered attacks took another 13 lives.^{[citation needed]}

• November 18, 2001 proved to be one of the more deadly days of bombing in the conflict. Scores of Gypsies were killed in Kundar, 100-150 people were killed in villages near Khanabad in an attack described by witnesses as "carpet bombing", 35 people were killed in Shamshad village, and 24 in Garikee Kah village. Several of these villages were near the front lines, and were likely hit by stray bombs. A similar error occurred on November 20 when 40 people were killed as their mud houses collapsed from a stray bomb in a village near the Kunduz front line.^{[citation needed]}

• An incident, similar to the October 9 incident, killed 12 people at another mine clearing facility.^{[citation needed]}

• On November 25, 2001, 92 people (including 18 women and 7 children) were killed by bombing in Kandahar. On the same day, 70 people were killed when cluster bombs were dropped in the Kunduz area, as well as scattered deaths in Adha village and Takhta-Pal.^{[citation needed]}

• On December 1, 2001, about 100 people were killed by 25 bombs in their houses in the village of Kama Ado. Kandahar city reported numerous civilian casualties, while four trucks and five busses carrying passengers fleeing the war were hit on a highway, killing 30. Talkhel and Balut villages suffered 50 casualties, while Chperagem village suffered 28. About 20 people were killed in the Agam district, while 15 people died in refugee vehicles in Arghisan, and over 30 people died in the Jada area near Herat. It proved to be another particularly lethal day in the conflict for civilians. The subsequent days were little improved. About 150 civilians died across the country on December 2 in a variety of villages. In the same week, over 300 villagers in the white mountains near Tora Bora, as US forces attacked villages which fighters passed through, hoping to kill any which remained in the area.^{[citation needed]}

• After the Tora Bora bombing campaign, the effort dispersed to kill Taliban and al-Qaeda members fleeing with their families, and focused on the Paktia and Paktika provinces. Numerous villages were hit shortly after the leaders passed through, leaving a chain of destruction following their path. The first place to be struck was Mashikhel in Paktia, in what inaccurate intelligence had said was a Taliban base. The city's mosque (Saqawa) was hit, killing 10 and injuring 12. The bombing then moved to Mashkhel, killing another 16 civilians. On December 20, 2001, U.S. AC-130 gunships and Navy fighters attacked and destroyed a convoy in Afghanistan believed to be carrying the leaders and struck surrounding villages. The convoy turned out to be carrying tribal elders heading to the inauguration ceremony for Hamid Karzai; between 20 and 65 people died. Overnight on the 27th, US forces struck at the village of Naka. Between 25 and 40 people were killed, 5-25 houses were destroyed, and 4-60 people were injured; however, US forces got one of their targets (the Taliban's Minister of Security, Qari Ahmadullah) and two sons of a commander they were also seeking (Maulvi Ahmed Taha). Taha himself was not killed in the attack. The next night, the village of Shekhan was bombed, killing 15 civilians and destroying three houses.^{[citation needed]}

• The following day (December 31, 2001), one of the largest single incidents of civilian casualties in the entire war occurred: at least one U.S. fighter jet, a B-52 bomber and two helicopters swooped on Qalaye Niazi near Gardez, killing over 100 people. The area was littered with craters; one person (Janat Gul) recounted how all other 24 members of her family were killed. Body parts were reported scattered throughout the streets; the United Nations has confirmed that all of the dead were civilians.^[7]

[edit] 2002

• On July 1, 2002, 48 people at a wedding party in a village in Oruzgan province were killed, and a further 117 injured, in a bombing raid. (BBC) New figures from October 2006 say that 46 people were killed.^[3]The name of the village is Del Rawad, though early reports gave its name as Kakrakai or Kakrak. Gunfire meant to celebrate the wedding was apparently mistaken by US military for hostile gunfire. A B-52 bomber and AC-130 gunship were both involved in the incident, which reportedly went on for over an hour. The victims included many women and children. Some survivors were treated in Mirwai Hospital in Kandahar, and at least four children were treated at military hospitals in Bagram and Kandahar. The incident resulted in a formal protest, and later a warning, from the Afghan government. An anti-American rally was held in Kabul on July 5 as a protest against the incident. On July 3, US President George Bush expressed "deep condolences for the loss of human life", and US authorities later stated that the area affected by the bombing would be rebuilt. Several inquiries into the incident were undertaken.BBC According to The Times, a preliminary UN report has stated that US forces arrived at the scene of the bombing raid and removed vital evidence.CNN reporting on the Times report However, this has been dismissed as false by the Afghan government. United States bombs have also struck a Kabul residential area and struck near and damaged a military hospital (according to the U.N.) or an elderly home (according to the Pentagon) in Herat.

[edit] Total casualties (2001-2002)

According to Marc W. Herold's Dossier on Civilian Victims of United States' Aerial Bombing up to 3,600 civilians had been killed as a result of US bombing up to June 2003.

While the report is widely reported in the European press, some people dispute Herold's estimates. Joshua Muravchik of the American Enterprise Institute and Carl Conetta of the Project on Defense Alternatives question Herold's heavy use of the Afghan Islamic Press, "suspicious" tallies of other news agencies, and statistical errors in Herold's study[2] [3]. Conetta's study puts total civilian casualties between 1000 and 1300 [4]. A Los Angeles Times study put the number of collateral dead between 1,067 and 1,201.[5]

According to Jonathan Steele of The Guardian between 20,000 and 49,600 people may have died of the consequences of the invasion.[6]

[edit] 2003

• February 2003 - At least 17 civilians, mostly women and children, were killed in coalition bombing raids in a mountainous region Helmand province.^{[citation needed]}

• April 9, 2003 - Eleven Afghans were killed and one wounded when a stray U.S. laser-guided bomb hit a house on the outskirts of Shkin in Paktika province.^{[citation needed]}

• September 2003 - At least eight civilians died in a U.S. air strike in the Naw Bahar district of the Zabul province that also killed a Taliban commander.^{[citation needed]}

• October 30, 2003 - In a small hamlet near the village of Aranj in the Waygal district of Nuristan province, Afghanistan, six people of the same family were killed when a house was bombarded by U.S. warplanes. The house belonged to a former provincial governor, Ghulam Rabbani, who was in Kabul at the time. The raid was aimed at Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and Mullah Faqirullah, both of whom had left the area just hours before. The victims (three children, an adolescent, a young man and an old woman) were all relatives of Mullah Rabbani.^{[citation needed]}

• November 15, 2003 - Six civilians died when a U.S. warplane dropped a bomb in the Barmal district of Paktika province.^{[citation needed]}

• December 5, 2003 - Near Gardez in Paktia province, an air and ground attack by U.S. special forces on a compound, used by a rebel commander Mullah Jalani to store munitions, killed six children and two adults.^{[citation needed]}

• December 6. 2003 - Seven boys, two girls and a 25-year-old man were killed when two U.S. A-10 Thunderbolt II planes targeted the village of Hutala with rockets and guns. Mullah Wazir, the intended target, was not at home at the time. U.S. ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad stated the next day that Wazir was killed in the attack, but retracted the statement shortly after.^[8]

[edit] 2004

Please help improve this article or section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. (April 2007)

• January 18, 2004 - Four children and seven adults were killed by a U.S. air strike on the village of Saghatho.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] 2005

Please help improve this article or section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. (April 2007)

• July 1, 2005 An "unknown number" of noncombatants are killed in an airstrike in Kunar province.^[9] A second source dates the incident on July 3 and gives quotes the number of victims as 17.^[10]

[edit] 2006

• January 14, 2006, Several missiles are fired over the Afghan border into the Pakistani village of Damadola in the Bajaur area. 18 civilians are killed^[11]
• March 14, 2006 Canadian troops in Kandahar open fire on a taxi, killing one of its passengers, Nasrat Ali Hassan^[12]
• May 22, 2006 - 17 villagers were killed when coalition warplanes attacked Taliban forces in Kandahar Province. The U.S. military, which said dozens of militants also died in the fighting, expressed regret over the deaths.^[3][13]
• August 2006 Canadian troops shoot and kill an Afghan policeman^[14]
• August 22, 2006 A 10 year old boy riding as a passenger on a motorcycle is shot and killed by Canadian troops in Kandahar^[15]
• October 18, 2006, a rocket hit a house during a nighttime clash between suspected Taliban insurgents and NATO and Afghan security forces in the farming village of Tajikai, 135 miles (217 km) west of Kandahar city. The rocket was fired from an aircraft and killed 13 villagers inside the home. A NATO spokesman said alliance jets and helicopters fired rockets and dropped bombs on Taliban positions in the area after 2 a.m.October 18, 2006, but could not confirm that they hit a civilian house. He added that the Taliban had been using mortars in the area of the clash. About 100 families live in Tajikai.^[3]

• October 19, 2006 - Airstrikes by NATO helicopters hunting Taliban fighters ripped through three dried mud homes in southern Afghanistan as villagers slept early October 18, 2006. At least nine civilians were killed, including women and children, said residents and the provincial governor. Angry villagers in Ashogho condemned the attack, which set back NATO's hopes of winning local support for their tough counterinsurgency campaign. The airstrikes came at about the same time a rocket struck a house in a village to the west, reportedly killing 13 people. One of the homes that was attacked had only one wall standing, and looked ready to topple over. A blast ripped a hole through the middle of another. "If the foreign soldiers were so smart that they knew there were Taliban here, why didn't they see the women and children who were sleeping? Why do they want to kill us? How can they help us rebuild if they want to kill us? Maybe they should leave", a villager shouted. NATO's International Security Assistance Force said in a statement that October 18, 2006 operation in Kandahar was believed to have caused several civilian casualties. The alliance said the operation was meant to detain people involved in roadside bomb attacks in Panjwayi district, which borders Zhari District. NATO said it regretted any civilian casualties and that it makes every effort to minimize the risk of collateral damage.^[3]

• October 26, [2006] Between 40 and 60 villagers are killed in two separate night air raids, followed by mortar and rocket attacks against villages in the Panjwayi and Pashmul districts of Kandahar province^[16][17]

• November 16, 2006 UK troops shoot at a vehicle and kill two of its occupant, wounding a young girl, near Girish, in Helmand Province^[18]

• December 12, 2006 An elderly motorcyclist was shot and killed by Canadian troops in Kandahar^[19]

[edit] Total casualties (2006)

A study by the Joint Co-ordinating and Monitoring Board, made up of the Afghan government, its key foreign backers and the UN, suggests that more than 3,700 people have died in 2006. The majority of the dead appear to be insurgents, but it is estimated that 1,000 civilians have also been killed this year, along with members of the Afghan National Army, the NATO-led international security assistance force, and a separate US contingent of soldiers. [7]

[edit] 2007

• January 12, 2007 Afghan police claim 13 civilians killed in a NATO airstrike in the Garmser district of Helmand Province. NATO claims "no evidence of any civilian casualties"^[20]

• January 24, 2007 NATO troops fired at a vehicle which failed to stop in the Gereshk district of Helmand province. The bullets killed a passerby.^[21]

• February 17, 2007 An unarmed man acting in a suspicious manner was shot and killed by Canadian troops near the village of Senjaray 12 km west of Kandahar^[22]

• February 17, 2007 NATO troops shot and killed a civilian who was running through convoy near Kandahar^[23]

• February 18, 2007 Canadian troops mistakenly gunned down an Afghan National Police officer and a homeless beggar after their convoy was ambushed in Kandahar City late Sunday^[24]

• February 27, 2007 Canadian troops fire at a Toyota car that failed to stop at a security cordon around a broken down Canadian vehicle in the Kandahar area. One occupant is killed, the other is wounded. No weapons or bombs were found.^[25]

• March 4, 2007, Approximately 16 civilians are killed and dozens are wounded by US marine gunfire on the road between Jalalabad and Pakistan after a bomb blast directed the marine convoy in what has become known as the Shinwar massacre.^[26][27] In a March 14, 2007 article, the Afghan human rights commission alleged Marines put the number of victims at 12 people -- including a 4-year-old girl, a 1-year-old boy and three elderly villagers and stated the Marines used excessive force, as they shot at people as the y fled the scene of the bomb, even miles from the incident location. This report on killings of civilians in the Nangarhar Province is consistent with U.S. findings. The Marine commander and NCO were shipped back to the United States after this incident^[28]

• March 5, 2007 Nine civilians, including five women and two to three children are killed when their home was destroyed by two 2,000 lb (910 kg) bombs in the Nijrab district, in the Kapisa province, north of Kabul. The troops were responding to an attack that hit a Nato provincial reconstruction team.^[29][30]

• March 16, 2007 Five Afghan policemen are killed by US troops at a checkpoint in a village near Gereshk, in Helmand Province.^[31] In later reports, the US denied its troops had been involved in the killings^[32]

• April 14, 2007 A suicide bomber hits Afghan police by blowing himself up outside a police headquarters in the Khost Province, killing at least eight people, police have told.^[33]

• April 29, 2007 Six people including a woman and a teenage girl are killed by US and Afghan forces as they raided a suspected "car bomb cell" in the Bati Kot area of Nangarhar province, very close to the location of the March 4th 2007. Another woman and another teenage girl were wounded. incident.^[34][35]

• May 1, 2007 About 50 civilians, including women and children were killed by US and NATO bombings in Herat province of western Afghanistan during the preceding week.^{[36] [37] [38]}

• May 9, 2007 Between 21 and 38 civilians, including women and children are killed by a US Air Raid in the village of Soro, in the Sangin district of Helmand Province. Five homes were bombed after US Special Forces came under attack, an attack which cost the life of one US serviceman.^{[39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44]}

• May 31, 2007 At least 15 civilians were killed by NATO forces in the Kajaki district of Helmand Province. ^[45]

• June 11, 2007 Three civilians are killed by "NATO-Led Troops" troops in the Kunar Province as they approached a checkpoint in a vehicle.^[46]

• June 15, 2007 6 children are killed and 4 injured when a suicide bomber attacks a NATO convoy in Uruzgan province. Another civilian is killed in a crossfire in Helmand.[8]

• June 18, 2007 Seven children are killed in a US Air Strike directed at a compound in Zarghun Shah, in the Paktika province. Initially the US claimed they did not know that children were in the compounds but some U.S. officials confirmed that U.S. forces were indeed aware of the children's presence but military officials told NBC News that Abu Laith al Libi, an al-Qaida leader, was considered such a high-value target it was worth the risk that some children might become casualties of the attack. ^{[47] [48]}

• June 19, 2007 10 civilians are killed in a US missile strike inside Pakistan ^{[49] [50] [51] [52]}

• June 22, 2007 About 25 civilians including 9 women and 3 children are killed in an air strike in the village of De Adam Khan, near the town of Gereshk in Helmand Province. ^{[53] [54]}

• June 24, 2007 Two men on motorcycles were shot as they approached the site of an IED explosion against a British vehicle in which a British soldier was killed. This incident occurred near Lashkar Gahin, in Helmand Province. One of the two motrocyclists died, the other was wounded. ^[55]

• June 29, 2007 Four civilian men were killed in a house by US troops who were looking for insurgents. An 85-year-old man, Mohammada Jan, two of his sons and a grandson had been killed by troops who first blew up the gate of house in the village of Nokrukhel in Sherzad district of Nangarhar province.^{[56] [57]}

• June 29, 2007 Between 50 and 80 civilians are killed by Air Strikes on the village of Hyderabad, in the Province of Hellmand in southern Afghanistan. ^{[58] [59] [60] [61]}

• July 07, 2007 Villagers from Watapour in the Province of Kunar claim that about 35 civilians were killed by Air Strikes, 10 on July 5 and another 25 on the 7th when the funeral for the 10 was bombed ^{[62] [63]}

• August 02, 2007 Many people, possibly in the hundreds, are reported wounded and killed by an air strike in the Baghran district of the Province of Helmand. NATO and US Forces claim to civilians were killed while injured people claim there were many civilians killed. ^{[64] [65]}

^{[66] [67] [68] [69] [70]}

• September 19, 2007 One Afghan civilian and several others wounder in a traffic collision with a Canadian convoy. ^[71]

• September 19, 2007 Six civilians, women and children are killed by an airstrike in Helmand province. ^[72]

• September 23, 2007 A US helicopter accidentally killed two policemen and three security guards during an anti-Taliban operation in Kunar Province. Eight more were injured. ^[73]

• October 2, 2007 A man on a motorcycle is killed and a child riding behing him is wounded by Canadian troops in Kandahar ^[74]

• October 23, 2007 A child was found dead in a tent and four others found wounded after coalition forces fired on the tent from which they claimed they had received gunfire. ^[75]

• November 15, 2007 A man in a taxi is killed and another wounded when they were shot at in Kandahar by Canadian troops riding in a convoy ^[76]

• November 28, 2007 An Afghan official, Nuristan governor Tamim Nuristani, claims U.S.-led coalition troops killed 14 road construction workers in air strikes in eastern Afghanistan. This incident was confirmed by Sayed Noorullah Jalili, director of the Kabul-based road construction company Amerifa whose employees were killed in the bombing. ^[77]

[edit] 2008

• January 24, 2008 Nine or Ten Afghan policemen, and two civilians were killed by US Forces in the Ghazni province, 100 km south of Kabul ^{[78] [79]}

• January 30, 2008 Three civilians showed up at a Kandahar hospital with gunshot wounds, claiming they had been shot at by a Canadian convoy. One of them later died of his injuries.^{[80] [81] [82]}

• March 12, 2008 The British government says its troops were responsible for an airstrike that killed two women and two children around Helmand. At least 10 others were injured.^{[83] [84]}

• March 13, 2008 Two women and two children are killed in Pakistan by cross border shelling fired by US forces in Afghanistan ^[85]

• March 19, 2008 Several civilians are killed by US troops in Muqibel, a village of Khost province.^{[86] [87]}

[edit] See also

• Afghanistan War order of battle
• British forces casualties in Afghanistan
• Canadian Forces casualties in Afghanistan
• Coalition casualties in Afghanistan
• International Security Assistance Force
• List of Coalition aircraft losses in Afghanistan
• Operation Medusa
• Operation Mountain Fury
• U.S. government response to the September 11, 2001 attacks
• Soviet war in Afghanistan
• Taliban insurgency
• War in Afghanistan (2001–present)

[edit] References