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Étienne-Théodore Pâquet (/pɑːkɛt/; January 8, 1850–May 26, 1916) was a French-Canadian civil law notary, and provincial politician and civil servant. In 1879, he was one of four Liberal Members of the Legislative Assembly who crossed the floor in the middle of a parliamentary crisis, causing the Joly de Lotbinière to fall.

[edit] Biography

Pâquet was born a single child in 1850 in Saint-Nicolas, near Lévis, in what was then Lotbinière County, on the southern shore of the Saint Lawrence River opposite Quebec City. The Pâquet family was an influential one, with churchmen Benjamin and Louis-Honoré, and historian Louis-Adolphe Pâquet all important figures of the time. Étienne-Théodore's parents, Étienne-Théodore Sr. and Nathalie Moffat, were farmers and merchants.^[1][2]

Pâquet studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, then at Fordham University (then St. John's College), before returning to Quebec to complete a Bachelor of Civil Law degree at Université Laval, graduating in 1872 and beginning work as a civil law notary while taking care of the farm.^[1][3] In the 1875 provincial election, he ran as a liberal against Joseph-Goderic Blanchet in the riding of Lévis. Blanchet, a family friend, was nearly twice Pâquet's age, and did not refrain from pointing it during the campaign,^[2] but ultimately lost to the younger man by a wide margin. Pâquet hence became one of only four (at the time) MLAs aged less than 26 at the time of their election.^[4][5]

Pâquet was re-elected in the 1878 election, which had created a minority government that was in precarious position for its whole length. On October 29, 1879, a series of political crises lead Liberal MLA Edmund James Flynn to propose an amendment demanding a coalition government. Pâquet and three other Liberals (Alexandre Chauveau, Louis Napoléon Fortin and Ernest Racicot) crossed the floor alongside Flynn to join the conservatives, causing the government to fall. Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec Théodore Robitaille, however, declined to dissolve the legislature, instead prompting opposition leader Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau to form a new government, in which Pâquet was Provincial Secretary until July 1882. He was re-elected o his seat in November of 1881, having resigned it on October 31.^[1][6] He married the daughter of prominent businessman Auguste LaRue in the cathedral of Trois-Rivières in 1880.^[1] He was deeply involved in the establishment of the Crédit Foncier Franco-Canadien, a credit union; in May of the next year both him and Jonathan Saxton Campbell Würtele were accused by David-Alexandre Ross of having been offered money in the deal. Although Würtele had refused the sum, Pâquet argued it was solely for work as director in the new company, an explanation that was satisfying to the public opinion. The assembly eventually voted a motion by Ross to form a committee to investigate the issue. This committee's findings, if any, are unknown.^[2][7][8] Due to infighting in the party, the investiture in Lévis for the 1881 elections was difficult to obtain, with disgruntled party members pitching him against Isidore-Noël Belleau, but Pâquet eventually gained the nomination and the election.^[2] As a government member, one of his goal had long the construction of a bridge over the Chaudière River to connect Saint-Nicolas and Saint-Romuald, an issue he defended in the legislature until 1879, after his nomination to the government, when a yearly sum was voted, although the bridge was not built before Honoré Mercier came into power.^[2]

Pâquet left provincial politics in 1883 following a severe injury suffered while inspecting forest cuts with federal MP Joseph Bolduc, and was subsequently named sheriff of Quebec County, an occupation he'd keep until 1890. He dabbled into various commercial ventures: aforementioned wood commerce, the Lévis and Kennebec Railway (auctioned off in 1881 to the Quebec Central Railway) and the Quebec Mining Co. amongst others. He ran as a conservative for Lévis and was defeated in the 1891 federal election. From 1894 to his death on 23 May 1916, he was the Quebec City postmaster. He is buried in the Saint-Nicolas parish cemetary.^[1]

The Pâquet family home, in Saint-Nicolas, is a provincially designated historic monument, and the entire estate area is a municipal-designated historic district, the Site du patrimoine de Saint-Nicolas.^[9] In his late years, Pâquet wrote a historical publication on the parish of Saint-Nicolas.^[1] His single son, also called Étienne-Théodore, married the daughter of Eugène-Étienne Taché.^[2]

[edit] References

Legislative Assembly of Quebec
Preceded by Joseph-Goderic Blanchet	Member of the Legislative Assembly for Lévis 1875–1883	Succeeded by François-Xavier Lemieux

Persondata
NAME	Pâquet, Étienne-Théodore
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Pâquet, É.-T.; Pâquet, Étienne-T.; Pâquet, Étienne Théodore
SHORT DESCRIPTION	French-Canadian politician and civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH	January 8, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH	Saint-Nicolas, Quebec, Canada
DATE OF DEATH	May 26, 1916
PLACE OF DEATH	Quebec City, Canada