Chromogranin

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chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)
Identifiers
Symbol	CHGA
Entrez	1113
HUGO	1929
OMIM	118910
RefSeq	NM_001275
UniProt	P10645
Other data
Locus	Chr. 14 q32

chromogranin B (secretogranin 1)
Identifiers
Symbol	CHGB
Alt. Symbols	SCG1
Entrez	1114
HUGO	1930
OMIM	118920
RefSeq	NM_001819
UniProt	P05060
Other data
Locus	Chr. 20 pter-p12

secretogranin II (chromogranin C)
Identifiers
Symbol	SCG2
Entrez	7857
HUGO	10575
OMIM	118930
RefSeq	NM_003469
UniProt	P13521
Other data
Locus	Chr. 2 q35-q36

The chromogranin/secretogranin (granins) are a family of regulated secretory proteins ubiquitously found in the cores of amine and peptide hormone and neurotransmitter dense-core secretory vesicles, and consist of several independent proteins:

chromogranin A (CgA)
chromogranin B (CgB)
secretogranin II (SgII) (see also secretoneurin)

Four other proteins (secretogranin III-VI) are also proposed to belong to the granins on the basis of their physico-chemical properties.

Granins function as pro-hormones, giving rise to an array of peptide fragments for which autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine activities have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo.

The intracellular biochemistry of granins includes binding of Ca2+, ATP and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) within the hormone storage vesicle core.

There is evidence that CgA, and perhaps other granins, regulate the biogenesis of dense-core secretory vesicles in neuroendocrine cells.