Christian Otto Mohr

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Christian Otto Mohr

Christian Otto Mohr (October 8, 1835 – October 2, 1918) was a German civil engineer, one of the most celebrated of the nineteenth century.

Mohr was born the son of a landowning family in Wesselburen in the Holstein region and at the age of 16 attended the Polytechnic School in Hanover.

Starting in 1855, his early working life was spent in railroad engineering for the Hanover and Oldenburg state railways, designing some famous bridges and making some of the earliest uses of steel trusses.

Even during his early railway years, Mohr had developed an interest in the theories of mechanics and the strength of materials. In 1867, he became professor of mechanics at Stuttgart Polytechnic, and in 1873 at Dresden Polytechnic in 1873. Mohr had a direct and unpretentious lecturing style that was popular with his students.In addition to a lone textbook, Mohr published many research papers on the theory of structures and strength of materials.

In 1874, Mohr formalised the idea of a statically determinate structure.

Mohr was an enthusiast for graphical tools and developed the method, for visually representing stress in three dimensions, previously proposed by Carl Culmann. In 1882, he famously developed the graphical method for analysing stress known as Mohr's circle and used it to propose an early theory of strength based on shear stress. He also developed the Williot-Mohr diagram for truss displacements and the Maxwell-Mohr method for analysing statically indeterminate structures, it can also be used to determine the displacement of truss nodes and forces acting on each member. The Maxwell-Mohr method is also referred to as the virtual force method for redundant trusses.

He retired in 1900, yet continued his scientific work in the town of Dresden until his death in 1918.