Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubart
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Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubart (March 24, 1739 - October 10, 1791), German poet, was born at Obersontheim in Swabia.
He entered the university of Erlangen in 1758 as a student of theology. He led a dissolute life, and after two years' stay was summoned home by his parents. After attempting to earn a livelihood as private tutor and as assistant preacher, his musical talents gained him the appointment of organist in Geislingen, and subsequently in Ludwigsburg; but as a consequence of his wild life and blasphemy, found expressed in a parody of the litany, he was expelled from the country.
He then visited in turn Heilbronn, Mannheim, Munich and Augsburg. In the last-named town he made a considerable stay, began his Deutsche Chronik (1774-1778) and eked out a subsistence by reciting from the latest works of prominent poets. Owing to a bitter attack upon the Jesuits, he was expelled from Augsburg and fled to Ulm, where he was arrested in 1777 and confined in the fortress of Hohenasperg.
Here he met with lenient treatment, and he beguiled the time by a study of mystical works and in composing poetry. His Sümtliche Gedichte appeared in two volumes at Stuttgart in 1785-1786 (new edition by G Hauff, Leipzig, 1884, in Reclams Universal-Bibliothek); in this collection most of the pieces are characterized by the bombast of the "Sturm und Drang" period.
He was set free in 1787, by Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, and expressed his gratitude in Hymnus auf Friedrich den Grossen. Schubart was now appointed musical director and manager of the theatre at Stuttgart, where he continued his Deutsche Chronik and began his autobiography, Schubarts Lebenr und Gesinnungen (2 vols, 1791-1793), but he died before its completion at Stuttgart. His Gesammelte Schriften und Schicksale appeared in 8 vols (Stuttgart, 1839-1840). His history of music Ideen zu einer Aesthetik der Tonkunst will be important reading for Schumann, as music critic, and also for Brahms.
See DF Strauss, Schubarts Leben in seinen Briefen (2 vols, 1849; 2nd ed., 1878); G Hauff, Christian Daniel Schubart (1885); and E Nagele, Aus Schubarts Leben und Wirken (1888). Read Ideen zu einer Aesthetik der Tonkunst
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
