Chorionic gonadotropin alpha

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide

PDB rendering based on 1dz7.

Available structures: 1dz7, 1e9j, 1fl7, 1hcn, 1hd4, 1hrp, 1qfw, 1xwd

Identifiers

Symbol(s)

CGA; CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPHA1; GPHa; HCG; LHA; TSHA

External IDs

OMIM: 118850 MGI: 88390 HomoloGene: 587

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• hormone activity
Cellular Component:	• extracellular region • soluble fraction
Biological Process:	• signal transduction • cell-cell signaling

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_000735 (mRNA)
NP_000726 (protein)

NM_009889 (mRNA)
NP_034019 (protein)

Location

Chr 6: 87.85 - 87.86 Mb

Chr 4: 35.08 - 35.1 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide, also known as CGA, is a human gene.

The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits that are associated noncovalently. The alpha subunits of these hormones are identical, however, their beta chains are unique and confer biological specificity. The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit and belongs to the glycoprotein hormones alpha chain family.^[1]

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: CGA glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide.

[edit] Further reading

Roger M, Lahlou N, Couzinet B, et al. (1990). "[Free alpha-subunit glycoprotein hormones: physiological and pathological data]". J. Steroid Biochem. 33 (4B): 763-9. PMID 2481154.
Pierce JG (1972). "Eli Lilly lecture. The subunits of pituitary thyrotropin--their relationship to other glycoprotein hormones.". Endocrinology 89 (6): 1331-44. PMID 5002675.
Kourides IA, Gurr JA, Wolf O (1984). "The regulation and organization of thyroid stimulating hormone genes.". Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 40: 79-120. PMID 6207569.
Miyoshi I, Kasai N, Hayashizaki Y (1994). "[Structure and regulation of human thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) gene]". Nippon Rinsho 52 (4): 940-7. PMID 8196184.
Barrios-De-Tomasi J, Timossi C, Merchant H, et al. (2002). "Assessment of the in vitro and in vivo biological activities of the human follicle-stimulating isohormones.". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 186 (2): 189-98. PMID 11900895.
Moyle WR, Bahl OP, März L (1976). "Role of carbohydrate of human chorionic gonadotropin in the mechanism of hormone action.". J. Biol. Chem. 250 (23): 9163-9. PMID 172504.
Fiddes JC, Goodman HM (1979). "Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.". Nature 281 (5730): 351-6. PMID 481597.
Sairam MR, Li CH (1977). "Human pituitary thyrotropin. The primary structure of the alpha and beta subunits.". Can. J. Biochem. 55 (7): 755-60. PMID 890569.
Morgan FJ, Birken S, Canfield RE (1975). "The amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha subunit and beta subunit.". J. Biol. Chem. 250 (13): 5247-58. PMID 1150658.
Rathnam P, Saxena BB (1975). "Primary amino acid sequence of follicle-stimulating hormone from human pituitary glands. I. alpha subunit.". J. Biol. Chem. 250 (17): 6735-46. PMID 1158880.
Weisshaar G, Hiyama J, Renwick AG, Nimtz M (1991). "NMR investigations of the N-linked oligosaccharides at individual glycosylation sites of human lutropin.". Eur. J. Biochem. 195 (1): 257-68. PMID 1991473.
Sakakibara R, Yokoo Y, Yoshikoshi K, et al. (1988). "Subcellular localization of intracellular forms of human chorionic gonadotropin in first trimester placenta.". J. Biochem. 102 (5): 993-1001. PMID 2449427.
Matzuk MM, Keene JL, Boime I (1989). "Site specificity of the chorionic gonadotropin N-linked oligosaccharides in signal transduction.". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (5): 2409-14. PMID 2536708.
Lustbader JW, Birken S, Pileggi NF, et al. (1990). "Crystallization and characterization of human chorionic gonadotropin in chemically deglycosylated and enzymatically desialylated states.". Biochemistry 28 (24): 9239-43. PMID 2611225.
Harris DC, Machin KJ, Evin GM, et al. (1989). "Preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of human chorionic gonadotropin.". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (12): 6705-6. PMID 2708337.
Hayashizaki Y, Miyai K, Kato K, Matsubara K (1985). "Molecular cloning of the human thyrotropin-beta subunit gene.". FEBS Lett. 188 (2): 394-400. PMID 3839756.
Bellisario R, Carlsen RB, Bahl OP (1973). "Human chorionic gonadotropin. Linear amino acid sequence of the alpha subunit.". J. Biol. Chem. 248 (19): 6796-809. PMID 4745444.
Shome B, Parlow AF (1974). "Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH): first proposal for the amino acid sequence of the alpha-subunit (hFSHa) and first demonstration of its identity with the alpha-subunit of human luteinizing hormone (hLHa).". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 39 (1): 199-202. PMID 4835135.