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Choledochal cysts are congenital conditions associated with benign cystic dilatation of bile ducts. They are uncommon in western countries[1] but not as rare in East Asian nations like Japan and China.
[edit] Presentation
Most of them present in 1st year of life; adult presentation is rare and usually at this stage is associated with complication . Classic triad of intermittent abdominal pain, jaundice, and a right upper quadrant abdominal mass is found only in minority of patients.
They were classified into 5 types by Todani in 1977[2].
Differrent types of choledochal cysts
Classification was based on site of the cyst or dilatation. Type I to IV has been subtyped.
- Type I: Most common variety involving sacular or fusiform dilatation of a portion or entire common bile duct (CBD) with normal intrahepatic duct.
- Type II: Isolated diverticulum protruding from the CBD.
- Type III or Choledochocele: Arise from dilatation of duodenal portion of CBD or where pancreatic duct meets.
- Type IV: Dilatation of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary duct.
- Type V or Caroli's disease: Cystic dilatation of intra hepatic biliary ducts.
[edit] Treatments
Choledochal cysts are treated by surgical excision of the cyst with the formation of a roux-en-Y anastamosis to the biliary duct. Future complications include cholangitis and a 2% risk of malignancy, which may develop in any part of the biliary tree.
[edit] References
- ^ Liu YB, Wang JW, Devkota KR, et al (2007). "Congenital choledochal cysts in adults: twenty-five-year experience". Chin. Med. J. 120 (16): 1404–7. PMID 17825168.
- ^ Todani T, Watanabe Y, Narusue M, Tabuchi K, Okajima K (1977). "Congenital bile duct cysts: Classification, operative procedures, and review of thirty-seven cases including cancer arising from choledochal cyst". Am. J. Surg. 134 (2): 263–9. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(77)90359-2. PMID 889044.
