Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (simplified Chinese: 中国人民政治协商会议; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Zhèngzhì Xiéshāng Huìyì [ Listen ]; shortened as 全国政协, Quánguó Zhèngxié), abbreviated CPPCC, is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China. The organization consists of both Party members and non-Party members, who discuss Chinese communism's principles. The members are chosen by the Communist Party of China, but are from a somewhat broader range of people than normally chosen for government office. In particular, the CPPCC contains members from the United Front parties allied with the CPC and non-Party members. The CPPCC typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People's Congress.
A less common translation is "the National Congress". This translation is discouraged, as it causes confusion with the National People's Congress as well as with the National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Contents |
[edit] History
The Conference dated prior to the existence of People's Republic of China. During negotiations between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang in 1945, the two parties agreed to open multi-party talks on post-war political reforms via a Political Consultative Conference. This was included in the Double Ten Accord. This agreement was implemented by the National Government, who organised the first Political Consultative Assembly from January 10 - 31, 1946. Representatives of the Kuomintang, Communist Party of China, Chinese Youth Party, and China Democratic League, as well as independent delegates, attended the conference in Chongqing.
In 1949, with the Communist Party having gained control of most of mainland China, they organised a "new" Political Consultative Conference in September, inviting delegates from various friendly parties to attend and discuss the establishment of a new state. This conference was then renamed the People's Political Consultative Conference. The first conference approved the Common Program, which served as the de facto Constitution for the next five years. The conference approved the new national anthem, flag, capital city, and state name, and elected the first government of the People's Republic of China. In effect, the first People's Political Consultative Conference served as a constitutional convention.
From 1949 to 1954, the conference became the de-facto legislature of the PRC. In 1954, the Constitution transferred this function to the National People's Congress.
[edit] The present
Since then, the CPPCC has not been formally included in the PRC Constitution. However, its role and powers are somewhat analogous to an advisory legislative upper house and there have been occasional proposals to formalize this role in the PRC Constitution.
[edit] The People’s Political Consultative Daily
The People’s Political Consultative Daily is the press window of information on direct policies and viewpoints of the CPPCC. Like most of the Chinese political organs, the newspaper serves as the mouthpiece and press for the conference. Compare with other governmental newspapers, such as The People's Daily or The PLA Daily, The People’s Political Consultative Daily is not as hard line, but rather smooth in terms of wording. This is geared towards the nature of the organization which many non-party members also participate in the conference.
[edit] List of Chairpersons
- Mao Zedong: 1949-1954
- Zhou Enlai: 1954-1976
- Deng Xiaoping: 1978-1983
- Deng Yingchao: 1983-1988
- Li Xiannian: 1988-1992
- Li Ruihuan: 1993-2003
- Jia Qinglin: 2003- (incumbent)
