China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology

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A map of all tropical cyclone tracks, encompassing the period between the years 1985 and 2005.
A map of all tropical cyclone tracks, encompassing the period between the years 1985 and 2005.

China is a mountainous country, which leads to rapid dissipation of cyclones that move inland as well as significant amounts of rain from those dissipating cyclones. Typhoon Nina (1975) caused the collapse of two huge reservoirs and ten smaller dams when 1062 mm/41.81 inches fell in Henan Province during a 24 hour period, which is the record for Mainland China. Since 1957, there has been a downward trend in tropical cyclone rainfall for the country.[1]

Typhoon Chanchu/Caloy
Typhoon Chanchu/Caloy

Contents

[edit] Top six known tropical cyclone rainfall amounts for Mainland China

  1. 1062.0 mm/41.81 inches  Nina 1975
  2.  831.1 mm/32.72 inches   Fitow 2001[2]
  3.  703.5 mm/27.70 inches   Rananim/Karen 2004[3]
  4.  555.0 mm/21.85 inches   Chanchu/Caloy 2006[4]
  5.  355.6 mm/14.00 inches   Tasha 1990[5]
  6.  190.5 mm/ 7.50 inches    Hope 1989[6]

[edit] Hong Kong

Typhoon Sam of the 1999 Pacific typhoon season became the wettest known tropical cyclone to impact the area since records began in 1884, breaking a 73 year old record. A total of 23.98 inches/609 mm of rainfall fell between August 22 and August 25.[7]

[edit] Top 10 wettest tropical cyclones in Hong Kong 1884-2005 (1940-1946 missing)

Typhoon Sam
Typhoon Sam
  1. 616.5 mm/24.27 inches Sam 1999
  2. 597.0 mm/23.50 inches July 1926 Typhoon
  3. 562.0 mm/22.13 inches June 1916 Typhoon
  4. 530.7 mm/20.89 inches Agnes 1965
  5. 519.0 mm/20.43 inches Agnes 1978
  6. 516.1 mm/20.32 inches Ellen 1976
  7. 497.5 mm/19.59 inches Dot 1993
  8. 491.7 mm/19.36 inches Dot 1982
  9. 480.9 mm/18.93 inches Helen 1995
  10. 473.2 mm/18.63 inches August 1904 Typhoon[8]

[edit] Taiwan/Taipei

The mountainous island of Taiwan province sees extreme rains from tropical cyclones, particularly in its central mountain range.

Typhoon Nanmadol
Typhoon Nanmadol

[edit] Top nine known wettest tropical cyclones for Taiwan/Taipei

  1. 1736 mm/68.35 inches  Herb 1996            Mount A-Li[9]
  2. 1730 mm/68.00 inches  Lynn 1987[10]
  3. 1546 mm/60.87 inches  Aere/Marce 2004  Matala[11]
  4. 1672 mm/65.83 inches  Carla 1967           Xinliao[12]
  5. 1431 mm/56.34 inches  Nari 2001[13]
  6. 1248 mm/49.13 inches  Gloria 1963          Baxin[12]
  7. 1090 mm/42.91 inches  Nanmadol 2004    Puluowan[3]
  8.  758 mm/ 29.84 inches  Toraji 2001           Alishan Observatory[14]
  9.  591 mm/ 23.27 inches  Kammuri 2002     Cheng Kung[15]

[edit] Tibet Autonomous Region

An early October 2004 tropical depression brought moisture into the highlands of Tibet, leading to daily precipitation of 60 mm/2.4 inches liquid equivalent to Che-Ku County all in the form of heavy snow, which was a new October daily precipitation record for both rain and snow. This led to a loss of 340,000 kg of food, 230,000 kg of forage grass, and 263 livestock in the snowstorm.[16]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Co2 Science. Forty-Eight Years of Tropical Cyclone Activity Over China. Retrieved on 2007-07-01.
  2. ^ Padgett, Gary (2006-12-27). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary August 2001. Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved on 2007-01-13.
  3. ^ a b Padgett, Gary; Kevin Boyle, John Wallace, Huang Chunliang, Simon Clarke (2005-05-17). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary August 2004. Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved on 2007-01-13.
  4. ^ AIRcurrents. AIR Post-Disaster Survey for Typhoon Chanchu Documents the Vulnerability of the Chinese Building Stock to Wind and Flood. Retrieved on 2007-02-25.
  5. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones of 1990. Retrieved on 2007-03-12.
  6. ^ 1989 Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones. Retrieved on 2007-03-14.
  7. ^ Gary Padgett. MONTHLY GLOBAL TROPICAL CYCLONE SUMMARY: SEPTEMBER, 1999. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
  8. ^ Hong Kong Observatory. Tropical Cyclones in 2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
  9. ^ Chun-Chieh Wu, Tzu-Hsiung Yen, Ying -Hwa Kuo, and Wei Wang. Rainfall Simulation Associated With Typhoon Herb (1996) near Taiwan. Part I: The Topographic Effect. Retrieved on 2007-02-24.
  10. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Lynn. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  11. ^ Padgett, Gary; Kevin Boyle, John Wallace, Huang Chunliang, and Simon Clarke (2005-05-17). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: November 2004. Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved on 2007-01-13.
  12. ^ a b Chen Lianshou. FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TROPICAL CYCLONES. Retrieved on 2007-01-27.
  13. ^ A Modeling Study on Typhoon Nari (2001): Landfall Characteristics. Retrieved on 2007-02-25.
  14. ^ Motoyuki Ushiyama. Characteristics of the Heavy Rainfall Disaster in Central Taiwan, July 29 to 30, 2001. Retrieved on 2007-02-25.
  15. ^ Padgett, Gary; John Wallace, and Kevin Boyle (2006-12-27). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: August 2002. Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved on 2007-01-13.
  16. ^ Padgett, Gary; Kevin Boyle, John Wallace, Huang Chunliang, and Simon Clarke (2005-05-17). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary October 2004. Australian Severe Weather Index. Jimmy Deguara. Retrieved on 2007-01-13.