Chemical makeup of the human body

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The average 70 kilogram adult contains about 6.7 x 10²⁷ atoms and is composed of 60 chemical elements:

Element Percent of Mass[1] Mass (kg)[2] Oxygen 65 43 Carbon 18 16 Hydrogen 10 7 Nitrogen 3 1.8 Calcium 1.5 1.0 Phosphorus 1 0.780 Potassium 0.25 0.140 Sulfur 0.25 0.140 Sodium 0.15 0.100 Chlorine 0.15 0.095 Magnesium 0.05 0.019 Iron 0.006 0.0042 Fluorine 0.0037 0.0026 Zinc 0.0032 0.0023 Silicon 0.002 0.0010 Rubidium 0.00046 0.00068 Strontium 0.00046 0.00032 Bromine 0.00029 0.00026 Lead 0.00017 0.00012 Copper 0.0001 0.000072 Aluminium 0.000087 0.000060 Cadmium 0.000072 0.000050 Cerium 0.000040 Barium 0.000031 0.000022 Tin 0.000024 0.000020 Iodine 0.000016 0.000020 Titanium 0.000013 0.000020 Boron 0.000069 0.000018 Selenium 0.000019 0.000015 Nickel 0.000014 0.000015 Chromium 0.0000024 0.000014 Manganese 0.000017 0.000012 Arsenic 0.000026 0.000007 Lithium 0.0000031 0.000007 Mercury 0.000019 0.000006 Caesium 0.0000021 0.000006 Molybdenum 0.000013 0.000005 Germanium 0.000005 Cobalt 0.0000021 0.000003 Antimony 0.000011 0.000002 Silver 0.000001 0.000002 Niobium 0.00016 0.0000015 Zirconium 0.0006 0.000001 Lanthanum 0.0000008 Tellurium 0.000012 0.0000007 Gallium 0.0000007 Yttrium 0.0000006 Bismuth 0.0000005 Thallium 0.0000005 Indium 0.0000004 Gold 0.000014 0.0000002 Scandium 0.0000002 Tantalum 0.0000002 Vanadium 0.000026 0.00000011 Thorium 0.0000001 Uranium 0.00000013 0.0000001 Samarium 0.000000050 Tungsten 0.000000020 Beryllium 0.000000005 0.000000036 Radium 0.00000000000000001

Element Percent of Atoms[3] Atoms Hydrogen 63 4.22 x 1027 Oxygen 24 1.61 x 1027 Carbon 12 8.03 x 1026 Nitrogen 0.58 3.9 x 1025 Calcium 0.24 1.6 x 1025 Phosphorus 0.14 9.6 x 1024 Sulfur 0.038 2.6 x 1024 Sodium 0.037 2.5 x 1024 Potassium 0.033 2.2 x 1024 Chlorine 0.024 1.6 x 1024 Magnesium 0.0070 4.7 x 1023 Silicon 0.0058 3.9 x 1023 Fluorine 0.0012 8.3 x 1022 Iron 0.00067 4.5 x 1022 Zinc 0.00031 2.1 x 1022 Rubidium 0.000033 2.2 x 1021 Strontium 0.000033 2.2 x 1021 Bromine 0.000030 2.0 x 1021 Aluminum 0.000015 1.0 x 1021 Copper 0.0000104 7 x 1020 Lead 0.0000045 3 x 1020 Cadmium 0.0000045 3 x 1020 Boron 0.0000030 2 x 1020 Manganese 0.0000015 1 x 1020 Nickel 0.0000015 1 x 1020 Lithium 0.0000015 1 x 1020 Barium 0.0000012 8 x 1019 Iodine 0.00000075 5 x 1019 Tin 0.00000060 4 x 1019 Gold 0.00000030 2 x 1019 Zirconium 0.00000030 2 x 1019 Cobalt 0.00000030 2 x 1019 Cesium 0.00000010 7 x 1018 Mercury 0.000000089 6 x 1018 Arsenic 0.000000089 6 x 1018 Chromium 0.000000089 6 x 1018 Molybdenum 0.000000045 3 x 1018 Selenium 0.000000045 3 x 1018 Beryllium 0.000000045 3 x 1018 Vanadium 0.000000012 8 x 1017 Uranium 0.0000000030 2 x 1017 Radium 0.00000000000000001% 8 x 1010

Estimated Gross Molecular Contents of a Typical 20-micron Human Cell^[3]

Molecule	Percent of Mass	Mol.Weight (daltons)	Molecules	Percent of Molecules
Water	65	18	1.74 x 1014	98.73
Other Inorganics	1.5	55	1.31 x 1012	0.74
Lipids	12	700	8.4 x 1011	0.475
Other Organics	0.4	250	7.7 x 1010	0.044
Protein	20	50,000	1.9 x 1010	0.011
RNA	1.0	1 x 106	5 x 107	3 x 10-5
DNA	0.1	1 x 1011	46	3 x 10-11

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