Charles W. Morgan (ship)
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| CHARLES W. MORGAN (Bark) | |
|---|---|
| (U.S. National Historic Landmark) | |
 |
|
| Location: | Mystic, Connecticut |
| Coordinates: | Coordinates: |
| Built/Founded: | 1841 |
| Architect: | Hillman,Jethro & Zachariah |
| Architectural style(s): | Other |
| Designated as NHL: | November 13, 1966[1] |
| Added to NRHP: | November 13, 1966[2] |
| NRHP Reference#: | 66000804 |
| Governing body: | Private |
Charles W. Morgan was a U.S. whaleship during the 19th and early 20th century. Ships of this type usually harvested the blubber of whales for whale oil, which was commonly used in lamps during the time period.
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[edit] History
In the 1840s, a Quaker whaling merchant named Charles W. Morgan ordered a whaleship from the shipbuilders Jethro and Zachariah Hillman of New Bedford, Massachusetts.
The hull and deck of Morgan reflected the industry which she was built to serve. A typical whaleship has three functions:
- to serve as a mother ship to a fleet of small whaleboats, which are stored on the davits when not in use,
- to serve as a factory and a refinery ship with tryworks for extracting oil from the whale blubber,
- to serve as oil tankers.
Morgan's maiden voyage began on September 6, 1841. She sailed around Cape Horn and cruised the Pacific Ocean. Following Morgan's three year and four month voyage, she came home with 2,400 barrels of whale oil and 10,000 lbs of whalebone, known as baleen, which was worth around USD$56,000.
[edit] Later service
In her 80 years of service, she would make 37 voyages ranging in length from nine months to five years. Charles W. Morgan, in total, brought home 54,483 barrels of whale oil and 152,934 pounds of whalebone. She sailed in the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans, surviving ice and snow storms. Her crew survived a cannibal attack in the South Pacific. Between 1888 and 1904 she was based in San Francisco.
Morgan had more than 1,000 whalemen of all races and nationalities in her lifetime. Her crew included not only Americans, but sailors from Cape Verde, New Zealand, the Seychelles, Guadeloupe, and Norfolk Island. The ship's crew averaged around 33 men per voyage. As with other whaleships in the 1800s, Morgan often was home to the captain's family. The Morgan was owned and managed by the J. & W. R. Wing Company of New Bedford.[3]
Charles W. Morgan was used in 3 movies: the 1916 movie Miss Petticoats, the 1922 Down to the Sea in Ships, and in the 1930s in Java Head.
On the night of June 30, 1924, the Charles W. Morgan caught fire when the flaming wreck of the steamer Sankaty, which had drifted across the Acushnet River from New Bedford harbor in flames, collided with it. Badly charred, Morgan narrowly escaped destruction.[4][5][6]
[edit] Retirement
The whaling days came to an end with the perfection of refining petroleum. Morgan was under the care of Whaling Enshrined, Inc. until 1941, when she was transferred to Mystic Seaport, where she still stands to this day.
[edit] Restoration
The Charles W. Morgan arrived at Mystic Seaport in December of 1941, narrowly avoiding destruction during WWII. The ship was declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.[1],[7],[8]
A major restoration and preservation project was begun in 1968. Mystic Seaport is completing a multi-million dollar shipyard upgrade to accommodate the next phase of Morgan's restoration.
She is the only surviving wooden whaleship from the 1800s American fleet.[7]
The United States Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp honoring the Charles W. Morgan.
[edit] References
- ^ a b CHARLES W. MORGAN (Bark). National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved on 2007-10-03.
- ^ National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2007-01-23).
- ^ “SUCCESSFUL WHALER RETURNS.”, The New York Times, 1900-10-30
- ^ The Dukes County Intelligencer. Vol. 24, No. 4. May 1983
- ^ The American Neptune, 1941. Peabody & Essex Museum, Peabody Museum of Salem [1]
- ^ Pacific Steam Navigation Company, Sea Breezes Vol. 56, no. 443 (Nov. 1982)[2]
- ^ a b ["The Charles W. Morgan", December 11, 1974, by Blanche Higgins Schroer and S. Sydney BradfordPDF (459 KiB) National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination]. National Park Service (1974-12-11).
- ^ [The Charles W. Morgan--Accompanying 4 photos, from 1974 and undated.PDF (1.06 MiB) National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination]. National Park Service (1974-12-11).
