Charles IV of France
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| Charles IV the Fair | |
| King of France and Navarre, Count of Champagne (more...) | |
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| Reign | 3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328 |
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| Coronation | 21 February 1322, Reims |
| Titles | Count of La Marche (1314–22) Count of Angoulême (1317–22) King of Navarre (1322–28) Count of Champagne (1322–28) |
| Born | 18/19 June 1294 |
| Birthplace | Clermont, France |
| Died | 1 February 1328 |
| Place of death | Vincennes, France |
| Buried | Saint Denis Basilica |
| Predecessor | Philip V |
| Successor | Philip VI |
| Consort | Blanche of Burgundy (1296–1326) Marie de Luxembourg (1304–24) Jeanne d'Évreux (1310–71) |
| Issue | Marie (1327–41) Blanche, Duchess of Orléans (1328–45) |
| Royal House | House of Capet |
| Father | Philip IV (1268–1314) |
| Mother | Joan I of Navarre (1271–1305) |
| French Monarchy |
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| Direct Capetians |
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| Philip IV |
| Louis X |
| Philip V |
| Isabella, Queen of England |
| Charles IV |
| Grandchildren |
| Joan II of Navarre |
| John I |
| Joan III, Countess and Duchess of Burgundy |
| Margaret I, Countess of Burgundy |
| Edward III of England |
| Mary of France |
| Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans |
| Charles IV |
Charles IV (18/19 June 1294 – 1 February 1328), was the King of France and Navarre (as Charles I) and Count of Champagne from 1322 to his death: the last French king of the senior Capetian lineage.
He was the third son of Philip IV. By virtue of his mother, Jeanne I of Navarre's, birthright, Charles claimed the title Charles I, King of Navarre.
From 1314 to his accession to the throne, he held the title of Count of La Marche.
He was crowned King of France in 1322 at the cathedral in Reims. In 1325, Charles seized the English possessions in France. At the time, Charles's sister Isabella was married to King Edward II of England. Edward sent Isabella to France to negotiate with her brother. Instead, Charles and Isabella organized the overthrow of Edward II, and the installation of Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer as regents of England on behalf of Isabella's young son Edward III of England.
During his six-year reign Charles IV increased taxes, imposed onerous duties, and arbitrarily confiscated estates from enemies or those he disliked. In 1323 he expelled the Jews from France, using as an excuse the widely circulated rumor that they had conspired with lepers and Islamic rulers (including the king of Babylon) to poison the wells and murder every Christian in the kingdom.
As with his brother before him, Charles died without a male heir, thus ending the direct line of the Capetian dynasty. Twelve years earlier, a rule against succession by females, arguably derived from the Salic Law, had been recognized as controlling succession to the French throne. Application of this rule barred Charles's 1-year-old daughter Mary by his third wife, Jeanne d'Évreux, from succeeding as the monarch. Jeanne was also pregnant at the time of his death. Since it could have been possible that she would give birth to a son, a regency was set up with the heir presumptive Philip of Valois, a member of the House of Valois (the next-most-senior branch of the Capetian dynasty), being the regent. After two months, Jeanne gave birth to another daughter. The regent thus became the King and in May was consecrated and crowned Philip VI. At this time, a further rule of succession, again arguably based on the Salic Law, was recognized as forbidding not only inheritance by a woman, but also inheritance through a female line. Application of this rule barred Edward III of England from the French throne.
Charles IV died at Vincennes, Val-de-Marne, and is interred with his third wife, Jeanne d'Évreux in Saint Denis Basilica.
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[edit] Ancestors
| Charles IV of France | Father: Philip IV of France |
Paternal Grandfather: Philip III of France |
Paternal Great-grandfather: Louis IX of France |
| Paternal Great-grandmother: Marguerite of Provence |
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| Paternal Grandmother: Isabella of Aragon |
Paternal Great-grandfather: James I of Aragon |
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| Paternal Great-grandmother: Violant of Hungary |
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| Mother: Joan I of Navarre |
Maternal Grandfather: Henry I of Navarre |
Maternal Great-grandfather: Theobald I of Navarre |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Margaret of Bourbon |
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| Maternal Grandmother: Blanche of Artois |
Maternal Great-grandfather: Robert I of Artois |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Matilda of Brabant |
[edit] Family
- 1307 — Blanche de Bourgogne, daughter of Otto IV, Count of Burgundy (1). The marriage was dissolved in 1322.
- 1322 — Marie de Luxembourg, daughter of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor (2)
- July 5, 1325 — Jeanne d'Évreux (1310–71) (3)
[edit] Issue
- (1) Philip (1314–22)
- (1) Jeanne (1315–21)
- (2) Louis (born and died 1324)
- (3) Jeanne (1326–27)
- (3) Marie (1327–41)
- (3) Blanche (April 1, 1328 – 1382, who married Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans
[edit] References
[edit] Sources
Weir, Alison, Isabella
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Charles IV of France
Born: c. 1294 Died: 1 February 1328 |
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| French nobility | ||
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| Preceded by Vacant (Guy de Lusignan) |
Count of La Marche 1314 – 3 January 1322 |
Succeeded by Merged into crown (eventually John II of France) |
| Count of Angoulême 1317 – 3 January 1322 |
Succeeded by Merged into the crown (eventually Joan II of Navarre) |
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| Regnal titles | ||
| Preceded by Philip V of France |
King of France 3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328 |
Succeeded by Philip VI |
| King of Navarre (as 'Charles I') 3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328 |
Succeeded by Joan II |
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| Count of Champagne (as 'Charles I') 3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328 |
Merged in the crown | |
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