Chalybes
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The Chalybes (Χάλυβες, Χάλυβοι), also called Khalib (Georgian: ყალიბები, Khalibebi (plural), ყალიბი, Khalibi (singular)) were a tribe of Classical Antiquity credited with the invention of the iron industry.
They settled in north Anatolia, near the shores of the Black Sea, from the Halys to Pharnakeia and Trabzon in the east and as far south as Lesser Armenia. Immediately to the east of the Khalib lived the related Khaldi or Kardu people, thought to be the ancestors of the Georgians (Kartvelebi). The Chalybs are also thought to be proto-Georgians.
Χάλυψ, the tribe's name in Greek, means "tempered iron, steel", a term that passed into Latin as chalybs, "steel". That, in turn, is cited as a possible origin for Excalibur, the name of King Arthur's legendary sword. However, Sayce derived the Greek name Chalybe from Hittite Khaly-wa, "land of Halys"[1].
[edit] See also
[edit] Bibliography
- Giorgi Leon Kavtaradze: Probleme der historischen Geographie Anatoliens und Transkaukasiens im ersten Jahrtausend v. Chr., in: Orbis Terrarum 2 (1996) S. 191-216 [1].
- Дэвид Лэнг (David Marshall Lang): Грузины. Хранители святынь, Москва. Центрполиграф, 2006. pp. 71-72
- The New Arthurian Encyclopedia (1995)
