Chalkware
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Chalkware was figurines made of gypsum; most typically those made in one of two periods, the first beginning in the late 18th century and ending by the beginning of the 20th century, the second being during the Great Depression. Those made during the first period were more typically serious art; those during the second period were more typically somewhat jocular.
Today Chalkware is more commonly created with a plaster substance to create long lasting collectibles. Modern chalkware is most commonly used in Folk Art design.
[edit] Carnival chalk
“Carnival chalk” refers to chalkware figures given out as carnival game prizes during the first half of the 20th century. Later, they were mostly replaced by the more popular (and usually more politically correct) stuffed animals.