Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone
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The Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone treaty is a legally binding commitment by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan not to manufacture, acquire, test, or possess nuclear weapons. The treaty was signed on 8 September 2006 at Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan.
So far, the Treaty was ratified by Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. [1]
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[edit] History
Steps towards the establishment of such a zone began with the Almaty Declaration[1] in 1992. A resolution calling for the establishment of such a zone was adopted by consensus by the United Nations General Assembly in 1997[2] and reaffirmed in 2000.[3]
Mindful of the lack of support by the nuclear powers for a similar Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty, the five permanent members of the Security Council were involved in the negotiations.
While Russia and China approved of the treaty, United States, France and United Kingdom objected to a clause which stated that the Treaty would not affect the rights and obligations of the signatories under previous international agreements because of the already existent Tashkent Treaty which involved Russia.[4]
The United States also objected on principle to establishment of any zone disturbing "existing security arrangements to the detriment of regional and international security or otherwise abridg[ing] the inherent right of individual or collective self-defense guaranteed in the UN charter".[5]
The United States also objected to possibility that Iran could apply to join the Treaty, so this provision was removed.[4]
The United States, United Kingdom, and France were finally concerned about the possibility that the Treaty could forbid the transit of nuclear weapons through the territory.[4]
In spite of attempts by United States, United Kingdom, and France to block the Treaty, it was finally signed in September 2006, although they voted against the General Assembly Resolution which welcomed the signing of the treaty in December 2006.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Peter Crail and Daryl G. Kimball (November 2007). Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones (NWFZ) At a Glance. Arms Control Association.
- ^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 38 session 52 page 29 on 9 December 1997 (retrieved 2007-10-20)
- ^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 33 session 55 page 39 on 20 December 2000 (retrieved 2007-10-20)
- ^ a b c Scott Parrish and William Potter (5 September 2006). Central Asian States Establish Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Despite U.S. Opposition. James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies.
- ^ Remarks of U. S. Delegation to the Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Conference Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The Nuclear Threat Inititiative (15 September 1997).
- ^ United Nations General Assembly Verbotim Report meeting 67 session 61 page 29 on 6 December 2006 at 15:00 (retrieved 2007-10-20)
