Cengkok
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Cengkok (old orthography: chengkok) are patterns played by the elaborating instruments in the Javanese gamelan. Typically they are melodic patterns that lead to the seleh, following the rules of the pathet of the piece.
The most elaborate cengkok repertoire is that of the gendér barung. The gambang and siter, on the other hand, do not have such formalized sets of cengkok, and therefore may vary more from performer to performer.
Most cengkok derive from the vocal repertoire, and many have names that originally came from lyrics, like the well-known Ayu kuning. They may incorporate pre-existent melodic patterns through a process of centonization.
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