Carangidae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jacks, pompanos, horse mackerels and scads | ||||||||||
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Malabar trevally, Carangoides malabaricus
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||
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Genera | ||||||||||
Alectis |
Carangidae is a family of fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, and scads.
They are marine fish found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates.
The largest fish in the family, the giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis, grows up to 1.7 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm.
The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus, and the other jack mackerels in the genus Trachurus.
[edit] Species
There are about 151 species in thirty genera:
- Genus Alectis
- African threadfish, Alectis alexandrinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817).
- African pompano, Alectis ciliaris (Bloch, 1787).
- Indian threadfish, Alectis indicus (Ruppell, 1830).
- Genus Alepes
- Smallmouth scad, Alepes apercna Grant, 1987.
- Shrimp scad, Alepes djedaba (Forsskål, 1775).
- Razorbelly scad, Alepes kleinii (Bloch, 1793).
- Blackfin scad, Alepes melanoptera Swainson, 1839.
- Herring scad, Alepes vari (Cuvier, 1833).
- Genus Atropus
- Cleftbelly trevally, Atropus atropos (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
- Genus Atule
- Yellowtail scad, Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833).
- Genus Campogramma
- Vadigo, Campogramma glaycos (Lacépède, 1801).
- Genus Carangoides
- Longfin trevally, Carangoides armatus (Forsskål, 1775).
- Orangespotted trevally, Carangoides bajad (Forsskål, 1775).
- Yellow jack, Carangoides bartholomaei (Cuvier, 1833).
- Longnose trevally, Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833).
- Carangoides ciliarius (Rüppell, 1830).
- Coastal trevally, Carangoides coeruleopinnatus (Rüppell, 1830).
- Shadow trevally, Carangoides dinema Bleeker, 1851.
- Whitefin trevally, Carangoides equula (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).
- Blue trevally, Carangoides ferdau (Forsskål, 1775).
- Yellowspotted trevally, Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775).
- Bludger, Carangoides gymnostethus (Cuvier, 1833).
- Bumpnose trevally, Carangoides hedlandensis (Whitley, 1934).
- Duskyshoulder trevally, Carangoides humerosus (McCulloch, 1915).
- Malabar trevally, Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
- Coachwhip trevally, Carangoides oblongus (Cuvier, 1833).
- Island trevally, Carangoides orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882).
- Threadfin jack, Carangoides otrynter (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883).
- Barcheek trevally, Carangoides plagiotaenia Bleeker, 1857.
- Brownback trevally, Carangoides praeustus (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830).
- Bar jack, Carangoides ruber (Bloch, 1793).
- Imposter trevally, Carangoides talamparoides Bleeker, 1852.
- Genus Caranx
- Bluespotted trevally, Caranx bucculentus Alleyne & Macleay, 1877.
- Green jack, Caranx caballus Günther, 1868.
- Pacific crevalle jack, Caranx caninus Günther, 1867.
- Blue runner, Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815).
- Blacktip trevally, Caranx heberi (Bennett, 1830).
- Crevalle jack, Caranx hippos (Linnaeus, 1766).
- Giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775).
- Horse-eye jack, Caranx latus Agassiz, 1831.
- Black jack, Caranx lugubris Poey, 1860.
- Bluefin trevally, Caranx melampygus Cuvier, 1833.
- Brassy trevally, Caranx papuensis Alleyne & Macleay, 1877.
- False scad, Caranx rhonchus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817.
- Caranx sansun (Forsskål, 1775).
- Senegal jack, Caranx senegallus Cuvier, 1833.
- Bigeye trevally, Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825.
- Tille trevally, Caranx tille Cuvier, 1833.
- Cocinero, Caranx vinctus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.
- Genus Chloroscombrus
- Atlantic bumper, Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus, 1766).
- Pacific bumper, Chloroscombrus orqueta Jordan & Gilbert, 1883.
- Genus Decapterus
- Decapterus akaadsi Abe, 1958.
- Koheru, Decapterus koheru (Hector, 1875).
- Redtail scad, Decapterus kurroides Bleeker, 1855.
- Decapterus lajang Bleeker, 1855.
- Mackerel scad, Decapterus macarellus (Cuvier, 1833).
- Shortfin scad, Decapterus macrosoma Bleeker, 1851.
- Japanese scad, Decapterus maruadsi (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843).
- Amberstripe scad, Decapterus muroadsi (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).
- Round scad, Decapterus punctatus (Cuvier, 1829).
- Indian scad, Decapterus russelli (Rüppell, 1830).
- Mexican scad, Decapterus scombrinus (Valenciennes, 1846).
- Roughear scad, Decapterus tabl Berry, 1968.
- Genus Elagatis
- Rainbow runner, Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825).
- Genus Gnathanodon
- Golden trevally, Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775).
- Genus Hemicaranx
- Genus Lichia
- Leerfish, Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Genus Megalaspis
- Torpedo scad, Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Genus Naucrates
- Pilotfish, Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Genus Oligoplites
- Longjaw leatherjack, Oligoplites altus (Günther, 1868).
- Oligoplites calcar (Bloch, 1793).
- Maracaibo leatherjacket, Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1832).
- Shortjaw leatherjack, Oligoplites refulgens Gilbert & Starks, 1904.
- Castin leatherjacket, Oligoplites saliens (Bloch, 1793).
- Leatherjack, Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
- Genus Pantolabus
- Fringe-finned trevally, Pantolabus radiatus (Macleay, 1881).
- Genus Parastromateus
- Black pomfret, Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795).
- Genus Parona
- Parona leatherjacket, Parona signata (Jenyns, 1841).
- Genus Pseudocaranx
- Juan Fernandez trevally, Pseudocaranx chilensis (Guichenot, 1848).
- White trevally, Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
- Pseudocaranx dinjerra Smith-Vaniz & Jelks, 2006.[1]
- Skipjack trevally, Pseudocaranx wrighti (Whitley, 1931).
- Genus Scomberoides
- Talang queenfish, Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacépède, 1801.
- Doublespotted queenfish, Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål, 1775).
- Barred queenfish, Scomberoides tala (Cuvier, 1832).
- Needlescaled queenfish, Scomberoides tol (Cuvier, 1832).
- Genus Selar
- Oxeye scad, Selar boops (Cuvier, 1833).
- Bigeye scad, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793).
- Genus Selaroides
- Yellowstripe scad, Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833).
- Genus Selene
- Mexican lookdown, Selene brevoortii (Gill, 1863).
- Caribbean moonfish, Selene brownii (Cuvier, 1816).
- African moonfish, Selene dorsalis (Gill, 1863).
- Mexican moonfish, Selene orstedii Lütken, 1880.
- Pacific moonfish, Selene peruviana (Guichenot, 1866).
- Atlantic moonfish, Selene setapinnis (Mitchill, 1815).
- Selene spixi (Castelnau, 1855).
- Lookdown, Selene vomer (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Genus Seriola
- Guinean amberjack, Seriola carpenteri Mather, 1971.
- Greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810).
- Lesser amberjack, Seriola fasciata (Rüppell, 1830).
- Samson fish, Seriola hippos (Linnaeus, 1766).
- Yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833.
- Fortune jack, Seriola peruana Steindachner, 1881.
- Japanese amberjack, Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck & Schlegel, 1845.
- Almaco jack, Seriola rivoliana Valenciennes, 1833.
- Banded rudderfish, Seriola zonata (Mitchill, 1815).
- Note: amberjacks are also referred to as amberfish and coronados
- Genus Seriolina
- Blackbanded trevally, Seriolina nigrofasciata (Rüppell, 1829).
- Genus Trachinotus
- Southern pompano, Trachinotus africanus (Delsman, 1941).
- Oyster pompano, Trachinotus anak Ogilby, 1909.
- Smallspotted dart, Trachinotus baillonii (Lacépède, 1801).
- Snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii (Lacépède, 1801).
- Largespotted dart, Trachinotus botla (Shaw, 1803).
- Florida pompano, Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus, 1766).
- Cayenne pompano, Trachinotus cayennensis Cuvier, 1832.
- Swallowtail dart, Trachinotus coppingeri Günther, 1884.
- Permit, Trachinotus falcatus (Linneaus, 1758).
- Palometa, Trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann, 1896.
- Longfin pompano, Trachinotus goreensis (Cuvier, 1833).
- Blackblotch pompano, Trachinotus kennedyi Steindachner, 1876.
- Plata pompano, Trachinotus marginatus (Gill, 1863).
- Guinean pompano, Trachinotus maxillosus Cuvier, 1832.
- Indian pompano, Trachinotus mookalee Cuvier, 1832.
- Derbio, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Paloma pompano, Trachinotus paitensis Cuvier, 1832.
- Gafftopsail pompano, Trachinotus rhodopus (Gill, 1863).
- Steel pompano, Trachinotus stilbe (Jordan & McGregor, 1899).
- Shortfin pompano, Trachinotus teraia Cuvier, 1832.
- Genus Trachurus
- Trachurus aleevi Rytov & Razumovskaya, 1984.
- Cape horse mackerel, Trachurus capensis Castelnau, 1861.
- Greenback horse mackerel, Trachurus declivis (Jenyns, 1841).
- African scad, Trachurus delagoa Nekrasov, 1970.
- Arabian scad, Trachurus indicus (Cuvier, 1833).
- Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).
- Rough scad, Trachurus lathami Nichols, 1920.
- Crozet scad, Trachurus longimanus (Norman, 1935).
- Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868.
- Inca scad, Trachurus murphyi Nichols, 1920.
- Yellowtail horse mackerel, Trachurus novaezelandiae Richardson, 1843.
- Blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825).
- Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus (Ayres, 1855).
- Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758).
- Cunene horse mackerel, Trachurus trecae Cadenat, 1950.
- Genus Ulua
- Genus Uraspis
- Whitemouth jack, Uraspis helvola (Forster, 1801).
- Cottonmouth jack, Uraspis secunda (Poey, 1860).
- Whitetongue jack, Uraspis uraspis (Günther, 1860).
[edit] References
- "Carangidae". FishBase. Ed. Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly. January 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
- Carangidae (TSN 168584). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved on 20 March 2006.
- ^ Smith-Vaniz & Jelks (2006). "Australian trevallies of the genus Pseudocaranx (Teleostei: Carangidae), with description of a new species from Western Australia." ([dead link]). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63 (1): 97–106.