Car tuning
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2008) |
Car tuning is both an industry and a hobby, in which a car is modified in order to improve its performance and handling and improve the owner's driving style. As most cars leave the factory set up for average driver expectations and average conditions, tuning has become a way to personalize the characteristics of the vehicle to the owner's preference. For example cars may be altered to provide better fuel economy, produce more power at high RPM or the ride comfort may be sacrificed to provide better handling.
Car tuning is related to auto racing, although most performance cars never compete. Rather they are built for the pleasure of owning and driving such a vehicle. Another major facet of tuning includes performance modification to the car exterior. This includes changing the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle via side skirts, front and rear bumpers, adding spoilers, splitters, air vents and light weight wheels.
Contents |
[edit] Areas of modification
[edit] Engine tuning
Main article: engine tuning.
Engine tuning as of late has been marketed as the replacement of basic engine components with after-market versions that perform the exact same functions as those replaced while promising an increase in power output.
[edit] Suspension tuning
Suspension tuning involves modifying the springs, shock absorbers, swaybars, and other related components of a vehicle. Shorter springs offer an improved lowered look and a lower center of gravity. Stiffer shock absorbers improve the dynamic weight shifting during cornering and normally have shorter internals to stop them from bottoming out when shorter springs are used. Stiffer sway bars reduce body roll during cornering improving the grip that the inside tires have on the surface thus improving handling response. Other components that are sometimes added are strut bars which improve the body stiffness and help better maintain the proper suspension geometry during cornering. On some cars certain braces, anti-roll bars, etc can be retro fitted to lower spec cars from sports models.
For offroad vehicles, the emphasis is on lengthening the suspension travel and larger tires to increase ground clearance.
Lowriders with hydraulic/pneumatic suspensions use another unique kind of suspension tuning in which the height of each individual wheel can be rapidly adjusted by system of rams, even to the extent that it is possible to "bounce" the wheels completely clear of the ground.
[edit] Body tuning
Body tuning involves adding or modifying spoilers and a body kit. Sometimes this is done to improve the aerodynamic performance of a vehicle, as in the case of some wings or bumper canards or to lighten the vehicle through replacing bodywork components such as hoods and rear view mirrors with components made from lighter composites such as CRFP. More often however, these modifications are done mainly to improve a vehicle's appearance, as in the case of non-functioning scoops, wide arches or any aesthetic modification which offers no benefit to performance. Very rarely does an after market body kit improve performance, the majority add weight and increase the drag coefficient of the vehicle and thus reduce its overall performance.
Another common body modification is called "shaving" or "flushing". This involves removing door handles, bumpers, emblems, chrome trim pieces and key locks. The reason for this is to make the appearance of the car look smoother and cleaner with less disruptions on the body lines. The doors and trunk are alternately opened with keyless remote.
Another popular major body modification is to alter the way in which the doors open. Examples include Scissor doors (or "Lambo doors") and Suicide doors. "Lambo doors" open outwards until clear of the body of the vehicle and then rotate upwards. Suicide doors open in a similar way to conventional doors except that they are hinged at the rear edge of the door and therefore open in the opposite direction. Most of these modifications are done with aftermarket kits which have become commonly available due to the large increase in demands for such parts in recent years. The hood and trunk can also be modified to open differently, a very common modification in the case of large car audio systems being installed within the trunk of the vehicle.
This section of vehicle modification has now by far the largest market share of aftermarket parts throughout the world , with a vastly extensive option of parts available for example neon under body lights, tinted windows, Iridescent and "Flip Tone" paints, Body Decals and Custom Shaped Muffler tips. Essentially every conceivable form of aesthetic modification is now possible and widely available allowing for each owner to customise their vehicle right down to their very own personal specifications and tastes without entering the realm of more complicated, mechanical modifications associated with engine and suspension tuning.
[edit] Detuning
Detuning involves returning a modified car to its original factory status. It is akin to automotive restoration. The term Detuning can also refer to the reduction or decrease of performance in a particular area of tuning. An example of this could be where the engine tune is "detuned" to allow for increased traction on a day where the track grip is not sufficient.
[edit] Terms
"Streeted" or "Tuner Cars" are Japanese imports, such as a Toyota Supra, Mazda RX-7, Subaru Impreza and the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution series, these cars are most commonly modified with the more expensive mods available. The most popular modifications include suspension upgrades, exhaust systems and turbos.
[edit] Legal requirements
Many countries have legal requirements in regard to what car owners can and can't do in relation to vehicle modifications. For example, all vehicles in Victoria, Australia, must conform to construction standards to ensure vehicles provide drivers and passengers with a maximum level of safety.[1] There are also restrictions for P Plate drivers which can prevent young drivers from driving modified vehicles.[2]
In the United Kingdom and The Netherlands it is illegal for any car to have blue lights as they are used by the emergency vehicles.
In Scotland and Denmark, it is illegal for any car to have neon underlights on a car as it distracts other drivers. In Holland neon is allowed under the car but only when the car is on display, if the car is on a public road the lights have to be switched off.
Recently, Belgium issued a new law which describes that bodykit parts need to be approved for safety issues.
[edit] Sanctioning organizations
Many organizations involved in competitive motorsports establish safety guidelines that far exceed legal requirements when viewed in terms safety. The NHRA, IHRA and SOLO programs all require that vehicles pass inspection to ensure that all regulations are being complied with.
[edit] See also
- Air-fuel ratio meter
- Chrome plating
- Green tuning
- Import scene
- Rice burner
- Uberdata
- Automotive restoration
- VIP style
[edit] Notes
[edit] Links
Import Tuner
Long Island Tuners
Modified Car Tuners
Iliketuning.com
