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Cappadocia (from Old Persian Katpatuka) was a satrapy (province) of the Achaemenid Empire used by the Achaemenids to administer the regions beyond the Taurus Mountains and the Euphrates river. The Satrapy belonged to the third tax district and paid an estimated 360 talents a year in tribute. The first satrap (governor) known by name is Ariaramnes, who ruled sometime at the beginning of the reign of the Achaemenid king Darius the Great. His successors are unknown, although Gobryas, the half brother of Xerxes, commanded the Cappadocians in 480 BCE. During the reign of Artaxerxes II, Cappadocia was divided, becoming Paphlagonia and Cappadocia Proper. The satrap of southern Cappadocia then became Datames (abridged from Datamithra), who led an unsuccessful revolt and was later assassinated in 362 BCE. The last Achaemenid satrap of Caappadocia was Mithrobarzanes, who died in 334 BCE at the battle of Granicus fighting Alexanders invading army.[1]
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