California's Great America
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| California's Great America | |
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| Location | Santa Clara, California, United States  |
| Website | California's Great America |
| Owner | Cedar Fair Entertainment Co. |
| Opened | 1976 |
| Previous names | Marriott's Great America - 1976 to 1984 Great America - 1985 to 1992 and 2006 to 2007 Paramount's Great America - 1993 to 2006 California's Great America - 2008 to Present |
| Operating season | March through October |
| Area | 364 acres (1.5 km²) |
| Rides | 55 total
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California's Great America is an amusement park owned and operated by Cedar Fair Entertainment Company, located in Santa Clara, California, USA. Great America is one of four major amusement parks that operate around the San Francisco Bay Area, the other three being Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk in Santa Cruz, and Gilroy Gardens in Gilroy.
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[edit] History
[edit] 1970s and 1980s
Marriott's Great America, built by Marriott, a hotel operator, was opened in 1976 along with a sister park located in the Chicago area bearing the same name. A third park was originally planned but was not constructed due to local opposition in Washington DC area. The Chicago park became Six Flags Great America in 1985.
The park, although profitable, was still an earnings disappointment for Marriott, leading the company in 1983 to agree to sell the park to Caz Development Co., which valued the prized land appraised at US$800,000 to $1 million per acre. But Marriott also gave a first option to the park to the city of Santa Clara, which was already partially involved in the park, leasing 55 acres for parking space for $75,000 per year. Fearing development of the land would aggravate congested roads, on 31 January 1984 the city council approved a $101 million deal by a 4-3 count on the condition that the electorate authorize the agreement. City voters approved the sale by a margin of 3 to 1. Caz Development sued the city and Marriott in Santa Clara County Superior Court to block the transaction. The court nullified the sale, forcing the city to attempt to salvage their deal through negotiations with both other parties. Unable to broker a timely agreement, the city council voted 6-1 to scuttle the sale on February 5, 1985, although the city was still interested in owning the park. After Marriott refunded a $20 million down payment to the city, negotiations were started afresh. Finally all parties worked out a compromise, which was signed in marathon sessions taking place over June 4-5, 1985. The city for $93.5 million acquired the park and inventory from Marriott, which retained 20 acres for development. Caz Development settled its lawsuit and in exchange the city allowed the developer to build a hotel and an office on land near the park.
During the 1980s the park conducted a number of environmental analyses, many related to acoustical impacts of proposed new rides. Examples of these studies include the Grizzly ride and a proposed steel coaster.[1]
Kings Entertainment Co., an operator of other parks, was hired to manage the park for the city. As planned, the city ended its ownership and sold the park structures to Kings in 1989 for $22 million but not the land, which would be leased for $5.3 million a year. In addition, the city earned 5 percent of revenue over $56 million.
[edit] 1992 - 2006: Paramount Parks era
Three years later Paramount Communications, then owners of Paramount Pictures, sought to join other entertainment companies as a theme park owner. The company acquired Kings Entertainment, owner of three parks including Great America, and two other parks for $400 million and created Paramount Parks. Viacom, the parent owner of MTV Networks and Nickelodeon, then bought Paramount in 1994, allowing Nickelodeon theming and merchandise into the park as well. During the Paramount Era, attractions from the Action FX Theatre, Nickelodeon Splat City (Now Nickelodeon Central), Drop Zone Stunt Tower giant drop, Invertigo inverted boomerang, and many more modern thrill ride attractions were added in. Unfortunately because the park was literally landlocked being in the center of Silicon Valley, several rides including the classic train ride and the Triple Wheel Ferris Wheel, a Marriott's Great America signature attraction, were removed to make way for newer attractions.
[edit] Summer 2006 & Beyond: Cedar Fair
After Viacom and CBS Corporation split, Paramount Parks became part of CBS. The merger did not last long as CBS announced plans to sell the theme park division.
In May 2006, it was announced that Cedar Fair Entertainment Co. would be acquiring the entire Paramount Parks chain for $1.24 Billion USD.[2] On June 30, 2006, Cedar Fair announced it completed the acquisition of Paramount Parks, including Great America.[3] The transaction includes licensing agreements with Nickelodeon and Paramount, providing the park the option to retain its Nickelodeon and Paramount theming for several years.[4]
On October 25, 2007, Cedar Fair announced the park will be renamed California's Great America and that it would also receive a 14 million dollar investment over the next two years. For the 2008 season, the park saw the addition of a new Huss Rides top spin ride called FireFall, a new ice show in the renamed "Great America Theatre" (formely The Paramount Theatre), and the addition of the Halloween Haunt event to the park. [5]
[edit] Rides and attractions
[edit] Current rides
The park's current rides and attractions include:
- Demon. Built by Arrow Dynamics, the Demon is the park's oldest roller coaster, opening with the park in 1976 and originally named Turn of the Century.
- Flight Deck. A B&M built Inverted roller coaster, Flight Deck is Northern California's longest Inverted coaster. Formerly known as Top Gun.
- Invertigo. A Vekoma Invertigo shuttle coaster, Invertigo was North America's first inverted face-to-face roller coaster.
- Vortex. A B&M Stand-Up roller coaster, Vortex is Northern California's only stand-up coaster.
- Drop Tower: Scream Zone. A Giant Drop model drop tower (2nd generation Intamin freefall ride). Eventually replaced the park's original 1st gen. Freefall ride, The Edge. Stands 224 feet (68 m). Drops at 62 mph (100 km/h). Formerly Drop Zone Stunt Tower.
- Carousel Columbia. A Double decker carousel, is one of the world's tallest carousels, along with the clone at Six Flags Great America.
- Survivor: The Ride!. A Zamperla Disk-O.
- Action Theater. A motion simulator attraction featuring SpongeBob SquarePants in 3D.
- Grizzly. A wooden roller coaster designed by Curtis D. Summers and built by Kings Island Construction, Maintenance & Engineering Dept., Grizzly opened in 1986. According to one poll, this rated as the worst wooden roller coaster in the country consecutively from 2005 to 2007.[6][7][8]
- The Orbit. An Schwarzkopf Enterprise (ride). The Orbit Re-opened in 2007.
- Centrifuge. An Schwarzkopf Scrambler, formerly known as Fiddler's Fling.
- Berserker. An Schwarzkopf Bayern Kurve.
- H.M.B. Endeavor. An Intamin Space Shuttle/Looping Starship, formerly known as The Revolution.
- Whitewater Falls. A Shoot-the-Chutes.
- Flying Eagles. A Larson Flying Scooters.
- Delirium. A Chance Revolution.
- Xtreme Skyflyer. 170 ft (52 m) tall skycoaster flying 17 stories at 60 mph (97 km/h). Upcharge attraction.
- Psycho Mouse. An Arrow Mad Mouse.
- Loggers Run. An Arrow Flume Ride.
- Celebration Swings. A Zierer Wave Swinger.
- Rip Roaring Rapids. An Intamin River rafting ride.
- Barney Oldfield Speedway. Classic style car ride for everyone of all ages.
- Nickelodeon Central. Nickelodeon themed area based on the popular Television channel. Rides include Rugrats Runaway Reptar Family Coaster, Wild Thornberry's Rain Maze, Comvee, and SpongeBob Boat Mobiles and more.
- KidZville. kiddie themed area.
- FireFall. New for 2008. Relocated Huss Top Spin, Texas Twister, from Geauga Lake. The ride was originally scheduled to open on April 25, 2008, but the restraint opening mechanism was lost in transit, thus delaying the opening. The ride opened on May 17, 2008.
- Star Tower. An observation tower, Star Tower was formerly Sky Tower.
- Rue Le Dodge. Bumper cars.
- Thunder Raceway. Go-karts. Upcharge attraction.
[edit] Past rides
Past ride and attractions include:
- Stealth. A Vekoma Flying Dutchman, was removed for construction of the Boomerang Bay Beach Club, and relocated to Carowinds as Nighthawk.
- Great America Scenic Railway. A custom-built railroad around the perimeter of the park.
- Yankee Clipper. An Arrow Dynamics Hydro Flume that used to interlock with Logger's Run.
- Greased Lightning. A shuttle loop roller coaster known as Tidal Wave. Manufactured by Anton Schwarzkopf.
- The Edge. The first original free-fall ride in the world and a first-generation Intamin AG Freefall.
- Skyhawk. The pilot ride with the barrel rolls around the tower, known as an Intamin AG Flight Trainer.
- Sky Whirl. The three armed Ferris wheel, made by Intamin AG, was removed to make room the Invertigo.
- Lobster. An octopus/spider ride.
- Bottoms Up. The classic carnival ride known as the Trabant.
- Triple Play. The Huss Troika ride that was next to Vortex.
- Willard's Whizzer. The original steel family roller coaster, made by Anton Schwarzkopf.
- Trolly Cars. In early years trolly cars traveled in Hometown Square and other parts of the park.
[edit] Ride/Attraction timeline
- 2009: New wooden roller coaster built by Great Coasters International. It'll be 104 feet (32 m) high,2 minuets long, and will have a top speed of 52 miles per hour. Originally referred to as "Stampede" it is speculated that the full name will be revealed as "Santa Clara Stampede" as the ride will be listed as an attraction in Hometown Square, making reference to the hometown of Great America. Trademark rights to this name however have not been fully acquired and may be subject to change. Final approval of naming rights are thought to be finalized in early 2008.
- 2008: FireFall Top Spin ride. New ice show at the newly renamed "Great America Theatre", formerly The Paramount Theatre, Halloween Haunt in October. Some Paramount Era theming and names changed.
- 2007: Wave pool added to Boomerang Bay. Park name changed to Great America. Themed Top Gun name changed, queue line renovated and painted, roll doors covering missiles have been re-opened for first time since 2002. The Orbit re-opened.
- 2006: Survivor: The Ride!, opened as the first "reality coaster." Guests are involved in the experience before they even step foot on the ride.
- 2005: Crocodile Dundee’s Boomerang Bay expansion.
- 2004: Crocodile Dundee’s Boomerang Bay. Revolution was renamed to H.M.B. Endeavor.
- 2003: SpongeBob SquarePants 3D; Nickelodeon Central (expansion of Splat City). Stealth roller coaster is removed and sent to Carowinds, another Paramount Park.
- 2002: Delirium; Flying Eagles. Greased Lightning removed.
- 2001: IMAX film Siegfried & Roy The Magic Box; Psycho Mouse; Celebration Swings; 7th Portal; additional rides and attractions.
- 2000: Stealth "flying" roller coaster, Scenic Railroad removed
- 1999: KidZville; Taxi Jam.
- 1998: Invertigo; James Bond: License to Thrill.
- 1997: Xtreme Skyflyer; Paramount Pavilion.
- 1996: Drop Tower Scream Zone. Formerly Drop Zone Stunt Tower.
- 1995: Nickelodeon Splat City.
- 1994: Paramount Action FX Theater, with Days of Thunder.
- 1993: Flight Deck- Formerly Top Gun and also Afterburn
- 1992: IMAX rehab, with film The Last Buffalo.
- 1991: Vortex.
- 1990: Whitewater Falls.
- 1989: Skyhawk
- 1988: Rip Roaring Rapids.
- 1987: The Blue Streak (later renamed The Green Slime Coaster then Rugrats Runaway Reptar).
- 1986: Redwood Amphitheatre, The Grizzly (coaster).
- 1983: The Edge.
- 1980: The Demon.
- 1978: IMAX Pictorium Theater, with film Man Belongs to the Earth, Skytower debuts.
- 1977: Tidal Wave (coaster). Later renamed to Greased Lightning.
[edit] On film and television
- Though presented with the name "WonderWorld", Great America was used as the theme park in the 1994 film Beverly Hills Cop III.
- Great America was featured in a 2007 Excedrin Commerical with the park's inverted steel coaster, "Top Gun," as the main star.
[edit] Criticism
Great America fans often criticized the park during the Paramount Parks era for the removal of several "Marriott-era" rides without any replacement attraction, including:
- Pictorium (standing, but has not shown a film since 2001)
- Great America Scenic Railway (was to be replaced by Hypersonic XLC)
- Triple Play (Huss Troika)
- Tidal Wave/Greased Lightnin' (Schwarzkopf Shuttle Loop)
[edit] Injuries and accidents
There have been a number of notable injuries and accidents at Great America, some of which are listed below. Please see Incidents at Cedar Fair parks for additional information on these and other incidents.
- In 1980, a 14-year-old boy was killed and several others injured on the Willard's Whizzer roller coaster.
- In 1989, two boys intentionally jumped out of the Loggers' Run ride. One was killed and the other fell safely onto a platform.[9]
- In 1991, two couples were injured on the Yankee Clipper as their boat hydroplaned then capsized, leaving the riders temporarily trapped under the upside-down boat. The attraction was later modified to include a bump at the bottom of the drop in order to prevent hydroplaning.
- In 1998, after riding Top Gun (now Flight Deck), a Spanish man, who could not read the English-language warning signs, entered a locked, gated area underneath the ride to retrieve a hat. He was hit and killed by the foot of a passenger on the Top Gun train. The passenger suffered a broken leg.[10]
- In 1999, a 12-year-old boy fell out of the Drop Zone Stunt Tower and died.[11]
- On July 12, 2007, a 4 year old boy drowned in the Boomerang Bay's Great Barrier Reef wave pool.[12] [13]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Ballard W. George, Acoustical Study for New Steel Roller Coaster Great America Park, Santa Clara, Ca., Earth Metrics Inc., Report 10029 prepared for the city of Santa Clara
- ^ Cedar Fair to buy CBS park unit for $1.24 billion - International Herald Tribune
- ^ Press Releases :: Cedar Fair Entertainment Company
- ^ EDGAR Filing Documents for 0000811532-06-000054
- ^ Great America | San Francisco's Themed Amusement Park (Santa Clara)
- ^ Detailed Wood Roller Coaster Poll Results 2005.
- ^ Detailed Wood Roller Coaster Poll Results 2006.
- ^ Detailed Wood Roller Coaster Poll Results 2007.
- ^ abc7news.com: 7/12/07
- ^ RideAccidents.com - 1998 Accident Reports and News
- ^ http://www.ultimaterollercoaster.com/news/archives/august99/stories/082499_01.shtml article
- ^ abc7news.com: 7/12/07
- ^ 4-Year-Old Drowns In Great America Wave Pool - News Story - KNTV | San Francisco
[edit] References
- Michelson, Herb. (June 7, 1984). "City will purchase Marriott's". Sacramento Bee, p. A.
- "Santa Clara drops Great America pact". (February 7, 1985). San Francisco Chronicle, p. 4.
- Ewell, Miranda. (June 6, 1985). "Santa Clara assumes ownership of Great America". San Jose Mercury News (CA), p. 8B.
- Kava, Brad. (March 15, 1989). "Great America reopens". San Jose Mercury News, p. 1.
- Eng, Sherri. (August 1, 1992). "Paramount to buy Great America owner". San Jose Mercury News, p. 1E.
[edit] External links
- Official Park Website
- Great America Parks Unofficial History Site
- Satellite view of the site
- NorCalCoasters.Net Unofficial Site
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