Cadillac V8 engine

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Cadillac was the first automobile maker to mass produce a V8 engine. The company has produced eight generations of V8s since 1914, and today is the only General Motors division to retain its own V8 design.

Contents

[edit] L-Head

The Type 51 was the first Cadillac V8. Introduced in 1914, it was the standard engine for 1915 Cadillac models. It was a 90° design with an L-head (sidevalve) configuration and was water cooled. Bore was 3.125 in and stroke was 5.125 in, for a total of 314 in³ of displacement. Output was 70 hp (52 kW).

The engine was refined for 1923 with a new split crankshaft that introduced the (now standard) 90° offset for each pair of cylinders. Power was up to 83.5 hp (62 kW).

The L-Head was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines of the 20th century list.

L-Head applications:

Cadillac created a new V8, the 341, for 1928. It was a 341 in³ engine and produced 90 hp (67 kW). The same year saw the introduction of the synchromesh transmission. This engine was used in the Series 341 and 341B cars of 1928 and 1929.

From 1930 through 1935, Cadillac produced a version with an increased displacement of 353 in³ (5.8 L). This used a 3.38 in (85.7 mm) bore and 4.94 in (125.4 mm) stroke. This engine was used in the Series 353/355/355B/355C/355D and Series 10.

[edit] Monobloc

A 322 in³ (5.3 L) "monobloc" engine was used in 1936's Series 60. It was designed to be the company's next-generation powerplant at reduced cost from the 353 and Cadillac V12. The monobloc's cylinder heads were cast as one unit with the engine block, and it used hydraulic valve lifters for durability. This design allowed the creation of the mid-priced Series 60 line.

Bore was 3.375 in (85.7 mm) and stroke was 4.5 in (114.3 mm). This engine was modified with a 3.5 in (88.9 mm) bore for the 1936-1948 346 in³ (5.7 L) engine. This was used in the Series 60/60S/61/62/63/65/67 and 70/72/75. It was also used in tanks in World War II.

[edit] LaSalle

In 1937, the new Monobloc Flathead gained 24 cubic inches in Cadillac V-8 models to 346 in³, while the LaSalle Straight-8 of 1934–1936 was replaced with the 1936 smaller 322 in³ version at 125 hp (93 kW). In 1941, the LaSalle nameplate was phased out along with the 322 in³, and Cadillacs, all 346cid powered, were available with the new Hydramatic automatic transmission which debuted in Oldsmobile the previous year. These engines were produced through 1948.

[edit] OHV

1962 Cadillac Series 62 390 V8 engine
1962 Cadillac Series 62 390 V8 engine

[edit] 331

For 1949, Cadillac and Oldsmobile each produced a new V8 design, Olds at 303 in³ engine

[edit] 365

Displacement was up to 365 in³ for 1956, and the 1958 Eldorado 3-2bbl version produced 335 hp (250 kW).

[edit] 390

A longer stroke pushed displacement to 390 in³ for 1959, yielding 325 hp (242 kW), while the Eldorado six-pack reached 345 hp (257 kW).

[edit] Redesigned OHV

For the 1963 model year Cadillac updated their V8 engine, modernizing the tooling used in the production line while optimizing the engine's design. Although it shared the same layout and architecture with the 1949-vintage engine, the revised engine had shorter connecting rods and was one inch (25 mm) lower, 4 inches (102 mm) narrower, and 1¼ in (32 mm) shorter. The accessories (water pump, power steering pump, distributor) mounted on a die-cast aluminum housing at the front of the engine for improved accessibility. An alternator replaced the former generator. The crankshaft was cored out to make it both lighter and stronger. The revised engine was 52 lb (24 kg) lighter than its predecessor, for a total dry weight of 595 lb (270 kg).

[edit] 390

For 1963 the revised engine shared the same 4.00 in (101.6 mm) bore and 3.875 (94.4 mm) stroke of its predecessor, for an unchanged displacement of 390 in³ (6.4 L). Power was unchanged at 325 hp (242 kW), as was torque at 430 ft·lbf (583 N·m).

[edit] 429

For 1964 the engine was bored to 4.13 in (104.9 mm) and stroked to 4.00 (101.6 mm), raising displacement to 429 in³ (7.0 L). Power rose to 340 hp (254 kW) and torque to 480 ft·lbf (650 N·m). The 429 was used through the 1967 model year.

[edit] World's largest

Although the modernized engine was compact and light for its displacement and output, 429 in³ represented the limit of the original architecture's expansion, and it had been surpassed by Chrysler's 440 and Lincoln's 462. As a result Cadillac introduced an all-new engine for 1968.

[edit] 472

At introduction, the new engine had a 4.30 in (109.2 mm) bore and a 4.06 in (103.1 mm) stroke for a displacement of 472 in³ (7.7 L). It delivered 375 hp (280 kW) @ 4400 rpm, and a massive 525  ft·lbf (712 N·m) torque, produced at just 3000 rpm. The new engine was about 80 lb (36 kg) heavier than its predecessor. It was used through 1974.

[edit] 500

For 1970 Cadillac stroked the V8 to 4.304 in (109.3 mm), increasing total displacement on the engine up to a full 500 in³ (8.2 L). At introduction it was rated at 400 horsepower (298 kW), SAE gross, and 550 ft·lbf (750 N•m) of torque. For 1971 compression was reduced from 10:1 to 8.5:1, the lowered compression ratio dropped the 500-cubic-incher's output from 400 to 365 hp (gross) or 235 hp (175 kW) in the new SAE ratings. By 1976, its final year, it had fallen to 190 hp (142 kW). However, a new Bendix electronic fuel injection system was offered as an option, and it pumped up output to 215 hp (160 kW). In 1972, Cadillac changed the horsepower rating from gross--measured at the flywheel with open exhaust and no accessories--to net--measured at the flywheel with full accessories and restrictive exhaust--which would account for the horsepower drop in the chart. Despite the large differences in horsepower ratings, all years from 71-76 made roughly the same power.

The 500 was exclusive to the Eldorado until 1975 where the powerplant was available in all Cadillacs except for the Seville, which was powered by a fuel-injected Oldsmobile 350.

General Engine Specifications Chart

Year Engine Vin Code Engine Letter Code Cubic Inch Rated Horsepower Rated Torque Bore & Stroke Compression Ratio Oil Pressure

PSI
1968-1969 None None 472 375 hp @ 4400 rpm 525 ft·lbf @ 3000 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 10.5:1 33
1970 None None 472 375 hp @ 4400 rpm 525 ft·lbf @ 3000 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 10.0:1 35-40
1970 None None 500 400 hp @ 4400 rpm 550 ft·lbf @ 3000 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 10.0:1 35-40
1971 R 61E,Q 472 345 hp @ 4400 rpm 500 ft·lbf @ 2800 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 8.5:1 35-40
1971 S 61E,Q 500 365 hp @ 4400 rpm 535 ft·lbf @ 2800 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35-40
1972 R 62E,Q 472 220 hp @ 4400 rpm 365 ft·lbf @ 2400 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 8.5:1 35
1972 S 62E,Q 500 235 hp @ 4400 rpm 385 ft·lbf @ 2400 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35
1973 R 63E,Q 472 220 hp @ 4400 rpm 365 ft·lbf @ 2400 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 8.5:1 35
1973 S 63E,Q 500 235 hp @ 4400 rpm 385 ft·lbf @ 2400 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35
1974 R 64E,Q 472 205 hp @ 4400 rpm 365 ft·lbf @ 2400 rpm 4.300 X 4.060 8.5:1 35
1974 S 64E,Q 500 210 hp @ 3600 rpm 380 ft·lbf @ 2000 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35
1975 S 65E,Q 500 210 hp @ 3600 rpm 380 ft·lbf @ 2000 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35
1976 S 66E,Q 500 190 hp @ 3600 rpm 360 ft·lbf @ 2000 rpm 4.300 X 4.304 8.5:1 35

[edit] Downsized OHV

The market of the 1970s forced Cadillac to downsize its vehicles and engines. While the Cadillac Seville used a 350 in³ (5.7 L) Oldsmobile V8 engine, Cadillac also began work on smaller proprietary engines.

[edit] 425

In 1977 Cadillac introduced a new 425 in³ (7.0 L) V8, based on the architecture of the 472, but with a smaller, 4.08 in (103.6 mm) bore and 4.06 in (103.2 mm) stroke. The new engine was also 100 lb (45 kg) lighter.

The 425 was offered in L33 form, with a four-barrel carburetor, producing 180 hp (134 kW) @ 4000 rpm and 320 ft·lbf (434 N·m) of torque at 2000 rpm, and L35 with electronic fuel injection for 195 hp (145 kW); torque was the same, but peaked at 2400 rpm.

The 425 was used through 1979 on all Cadillacs except the Seville.

[edit] 368 and V8-6-4

In 1980 the 425 was replaced with the L61, which was the same basic engine de-bored to 3.80 in (96.5 mm) for a total displacement of 368 in³ (6.0 L). The reduction in displacement was largely an effort to meet CAFE requirements for fuel economy. Fuel injection (which would be known to GM as throttle-body injection after 1985) was now standard except for Fleetwood Limousines and Commercial Chassis.

Cadillac refers to the fuel injection system as digital fuel injection; this particular induction system was later adopted by other GM division except Oldsmobile V8s.

Power output dropped to 145 hp (108.2 kW) @ 3600 rpm and torque to 270 ft·lbf (366 N·m) @ 2000 rpm. This engine was standard on all Cadillacs except the redesigned Seville, where it was optional.

For 1981 Cadillac introduced what became the most notorious engine in the company's history, the V8-6-4 (L62). The 368 had not provided a significant improvement in the company's CAFE numbers, so Cadillac and Eaton Corporation devised a cylinder deactivation system that would shut off fuel to two or four cylinders in low-load conditions such as highway cruising, then reactivate them when the throttle was opened. A dashboard "MPG Sentinel" gauge could show the number of cylinders in operation, or instantaneous fuel consumption (in miles per gallon). The L62 produced 140 hp (104 kW) @ 3800 rpm and 265 ft·lbf (359 N·m) @ 1400 rpm. Cadillac hailed the L62 as a technological masterpiece, and made it standard equipment across the whole Cadillac line.

While cylinder deactivation would make a comeback some 20 years later (with modernized technology), Cadillac's V8-6-4 proved to have insurmountable teething problems, both mechanically and electronically. The biggest issue was that the engine control computer was simply not fast enough or powerful enough to efficiently manage the number of cylinders in operation, so many of these engines had their variable-cylinder function disabled by dealers, leaving them with permanent eight-cylinder operation. The 368 was dropped for most Cadillac passenger cars after the 1981 model year, although the V8-6-4 remained the standard engine for Fleetwood Limousines and the carb 368 remained in the Commercial Chassis through 1984.

[edit] HT-4100

A new engine was introduced for 1982, the HT-4100 (option code LT8). It was a 4100 cc (~250 ci) V8, designed for transverse, front wheel drive applications. It was originally slated for 1983 and a new line of downsized Cadillac sedans. Delays in the downsizing program (shared with Buick and Oldsmobile) postponed the introduction of those models until 1985, and the new V8 was rushed into production for the 1982 model year.

[edit] Design Features

HT stood for High Technology. For its time, the engine and its electronic control module (ECM) were quite sophisticated. Despite having a throttle body injection system (as opposed to port fuel injection), the HT4100 used an ECM that for the first time incorporated a detailed on-board computer. Every parameter of engine performance could be displayed on the heater control while the car was being driven. The HT4100 also pioneered other design features including 1) removable cylinder sleeves, 2) high operating temperature for emission control (210 degrees, compared to 180 in earlier engines); 3) free circulation of coolant between the block and the heads, and 4) bimetal construction that mounted heat-tolerant cast-iron heads onto a weight-saving aluminum block. The engine had a bore of 3.465 in (88 mm) and stroke of 3.307 in (84 mm), for a total displacement of 4100 ccs (~249 cubic inches). It initially was equipped with throttle-body fuel injection, with output of 135 hp (93 kW) @ 4400 rpm and 190 ft·lbf (258 N·m) of torque at 2000 rpm.

In 1982 the HT4100 was the standard engine for the front-wheel-drive Eldorado and Seville. It was also placed in many rear-wheel-drive deVilles, and was available for the Fleetwood.

The HT4100 was prone to failure of the intake manifold gasket. It may not have been the most successful engine to sit under the hood of a Cadillac, but potential buyers were no more satisfied with the other two engines available at the time, the V8-6-4 and the Oldsmobile 5.7L Diesel. Reliability issues soiled the reputation of the HT4100. Kits were sold to retrofit the cars with Chevrolet engines (Buick and Oldsmobile V6s would also fit, but were much harder to install). Sales remained strong, exceeding 100,000 in 1984 [1]. Cadillac's share of the luxury car market diminished rapidly after 1985[citation needed].

For 1987 a more powerful version of the 4.1 L engine was introduced in the Cadillac Allante, using a different camshaft profile and roller rocker arms to reduce reciprocating weight, in addition to multiport fuel injection. This engine was rated at 170 hp (127 kW) @ 4300 rpm and 235  ft·lbf (319 N·m) of torque @ 3200 rpm. The 4.1 was superseded by larger-displacement engines, and ceased production after the 1988 model year.

[edit] 4.5

Although it was an improved and enlarged version of the HT4100, it was never called HT4500 by Cadillac.

Engineering allowed the company to begin increasing displacement and output again. A bored-out (to 92 mm) 4.5 L (273 in³) 4.5 version was introduced in 1988 with 155 hp (116 kW) and throttle body injection. Various versions of this engine were built from this introduction to the end of production in 1992 including a high-output LW2 version with multiport fuel injection which produced 200 hp (149 kW) and 270  ft·lbf (366 N·m) for the Allante. Outside of the Allante, Cadillac introduced a port fuel injected 4.5L V8 engine in 1990 with 180 hp (134 kW) across their car line up.

[edit] L26 4.9

Although an improved and enlarged version of the HT4100, it was never called HT4900 by Cadillac.

A larger version, the L26 4.9, debuted in 1991 at 4.9 L (300 in³) with a square 92 mm bore and stroke. Despite the fact that it had similar output to Allante's 4.5L port fuel injected V-8, the 4.9L engine represented a significant upgrade for the remainder of the Cadillac lineup. Horsepower output was up 20 hp (15 kW) from the previous 1990 4.5L engine and torque was up by 30 lb·ft (41 N·m), to 200 hp and 275 ft·lbf (373 N·m). Both the 4.9 and 4.5 port fuel injected engines required premium fuel. The 4.9L engine produces its maximum horsepower at only 4100 rpms resulting in extremely strong 'off-the-line response'.

The 4.9 was used throughout the Cadillac line. It was phased out in favor of the newer Cadillac Northstar engine; production ended in 1995.

[edit] Cadillac use of non-Cadillac V8s

[edit] Seville

The first Cadillac use of a non-Cadillac V8 was the 1976 Seville, which used an Oldsmobile 5.7L engine. It featured exclusive to Cadillac fuel injection. It was rated at 180 hp, and the conventional Oldsmobile Rocket 350 had 170 hp. Starting with the second generation Seville, Cadillac powerplants were optioned (L62 and the HT4100); from the third generation (1986), all Sevilles were Cadillac-powered.

[edit] Fleetwood (RWD)/Deville (RWD)/Brougham (RWD)

From 1982 to 1985, all rear-wheel drive Cadillacs (except for the limousines) could be ordered with the 5.7 L Oldsmobile LF9 Diesel V8. In fact, for most of its life, the 1980-1985 version of Cadillac's Seville came standard with Oldsmobile's V8 diesel, with the gas engine being a no-cost option.

From 1986 to 1990, the rear-wheel drive Cadillac Brougham used a 5.0 L (307 in³) Oldsmobile carbureted V8 (replacing the Cadillac HT-4100).

In 1990 a 175 hp (130 kW), fuel-injected 5.7 L (350 in³) Chevrolet small-block V8 became optional when the towing package is selected.

In 1991 the Oldsmobile 307 was replaced with a 5.0 L (305 in³) fuel-injected Chevrolet V8.

In 1993 the 180 hp (134 kW) 350 in³ V8 became standard in the newly-renamed Cadillac Fleetwood.

In 1994 this was replaced with an iron headed Chevrolet LT1 V8 with 260 hp (194 kW), which the Fleetwood would use until it was discontinued at the end of the 1996 model year.

With the introduction of the Escalade to the Cadillac lineup, the L31 Vortec 350[1] was used, as it was part of the Chevy truck line which the Escalade was based on. In 2001, the new redesigned Escalade picked up the performance version of the 6.0L LS series engine RPO LQ9. Currently this engine is still in use in Cadillac Escalades. All Escalades are AWD. Beginning in 2007 all Cadillac Escalades are equipped with Generation IV 6.2L engines. This new engine option is shared with the GMC Denali.

[edit] CTS-V

The 2003 to 2005 CTS-V's used the previous generation Corvette Z06's 400 hp (298 kW) 5.7L LS6 V8.

The 2006 and 2007 Cadillac CTS-V uses the 400 hp (298 kW) 6.0L LS2 V8, similar to that used in the standard Corvette C6.

The 2009 CTS-V carries a supercharged 6.2L LSA variant, producing at least 550 hp (in preliminary ratings). This is similar to the LS9 used in the high-performance 2009 Corvette ZR1, but uses a different model of supercharger (the LS9 produces 638 hp / 476 kW).

[edit] Northstar

Cadillac's most technologically advanced engine since the original arrived in 1992, the DOHC Cadillac Northstar engine is documented elsewhere. This engine is the only one at General Motors used in a single marque. Although Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Buick have borrowed the Northstar architecture for their V8 (and even V6) engines, it was not until the 2005 Pontiac Bonneville that a non-Cadillac used the Northstar name.

The Northstar is broken up into different versions depending on model usage and model year.

[edit] 4.6L

[edit] Northstar

The engine was introduced in mid-1992 in the 1993 Cadillac Allanté and continues to be used in most Cadillac models. The original Northstar Allanté also introduced the Northstar System which included traction control, adaptive suspension, and antilock brakes. Early Northstar had no knock sensors, and required premium grade gasoline to run safely.

The engine received a forged steel crankshaft in 2003. Cadillac had been planning to introduce a V12 Northstar this decade, for use in the Escalade, but the added production expense and more stringent fleet CAFE standards had killed the program.

Most Northstar engines produce 275 to 315 hp (205 to 235 kW). The engines were revised for 2000 with coil-on-plug ignition and roller follower valvegear for improved fuel economy and reduced emissions. Though power output did not change, this update eliminated the need for premium fuel.

The Northstar was sold exclusively by Cadillac for over a decade before being introduced in the 2004 Pontiac Bonneville and 2006 Buick Lucerne. Northstar unofficially had the LX5 3.5L Twincam V6. which was placed in the Oldsmobile Intrigue. The LX5 was nickednamed the "Short Star" In 2008 the Lucerne is available with the option of the 292 hp Northstar NHP by ordering the Super model.

All but the supercharged Northstar displace 4.6 L (4565 cc/279 in³) with a 93 mm (3.66 in) bore and 84 mm (3.31 in) stroke. For better head gasket sealing between cylinders, the supercharged version is de-bored to 91 mm (3.6 in) for a total displacement of 4.4 L (4371 cc/266 in³). The block is said to be capable of expansion up to 5.4 L, though no such engine has been produced.

The Northstar was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1995, 1996, and 1997.

[edit] L37

The L37 was the original Northstar. It is tuned for responsiveness and power, while the later LD8 is designed for more sedate use. The L37 code has been used on all high-output transverse Northstars, even as the exact engine specifications evolved. Compression ratio for the L37 is 10.0:1, shared with the LD8.

The original L37 was specified at 290 hp (216 kW), but 1993 production examples were rated at 295 hp (220 kW). The engine topped out at 300 hp (224 kW) from 1996 through 2004 on the STS, DTS and ETC models, making these some of the most powerful front wheel drive cars ever built, the most powerful title still belonging to the 1970 Cadillac Eldorado with 400 hp (500 in³, 8.2 L) (although the latter's rating is in the older SAE gross horsepower system, figured without accessories or muffler, where the current engine outputs are as-installed, net ratings). For 2005 the high output Northstar became Northstar NHP, and was down rated to 290 hp due to industry wide changes in the procedures used to certify horsepower. In 2006, the updated DTS "Performance Package" model got a slight bump to 292hp.

Vehicles using the L37 include:

Year Model Power Torque
1993 Cadillac Allanté 295 hp (220 kW) 290 lb·ft (393 N·m)
1993-1994 Cadillac Eldorado ETC 295 hp (220 kW) 290 lb·ft (393 N·m)
1995–2002 Cadillac Eldorado ETC 300 hp (224 kW) @ 6000 rpm 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
1993 Cadillac Seville STS 295 hp (220 kW) 290 lb·ft (393 N·m)
1994–2004 Cadillac Seville STS 300 hp (224 kW) @ 6000 rpm 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
1996–2004 Cadillac DeVille Concours/DTS 300 hp (224 kW) @ 6000 rpm 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
2005 Cadillac DeVille DTS 290 hp (216 kW) @ 5600 rpm 285 lb·ft (386 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
2006– Cadillac DTS Performance 292 hp (218 kW) @ 6300 rpm 288 lb·ft (390 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
2008- Buick Lucerne Super 292 hp (218 kW) @ 6300 rpm 288 lb·ft (390 N·m) @ 4500 rpm

[edit] LD8

The LD8 is a transverse V8 for front-wheel drive cars. Introduced in 1994, it is designed to provide more torque than the high-revving L37. The LD8 code has been used on all torque-tuned transverse Northstars, even as the exact engine specifications evolved. Compression ratio is currently 10.0:1.

The 1998 revision is quieter (thanks to hydraulic engine mounts) and performs better (thanks to a tuned intake system) than previous Northstars.

Most LD8 Northstars are rated at 275 hp (205 kW) and 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m).

Year Model Power Torque
1994 Cadillac Eldorado 270 hp (201 kW) 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
1995–2001 Cadillac Eldorado 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
2002 Cadillac Eldorado 275 hp (205 kW) at 5600 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm
1994 Cadillac Seville SLS 270 hp (201 kW) 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
1995–2001 Cadillac Seville SLS 275 hp (205 kW) 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
2002–2004 Cadillac Seville SLS 275 hp (205 kW) 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
1994 Cadillac DeVille Concours 270 hp (201 kW) 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
1995 Cadillac DeVille Concours 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
1996–2001 Cadillac DeVille 275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
2002–2005 Cadillac DeVille 275 hp (205 kW) at 5600 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm
2006– Cadillac DTS 275 hp (205 kW) at 6000 rpm 295 ft·lbf (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm
2004–2005 Pontiac Bonneville GXP 275 hp (205 kW) at 5600 rpm 300 ft·lbf (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm
2006– Buick Lucerne CXS 275 hp (205 kW) at 6000 rpm 295 ft·lbf (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm

[edit] LH2

The Northstar was designed originally for transverse front-wheel drive applications. It was modified substantially in 2004 for longitudinal rear- and all-wheel drive use in the SRX and XLR, as well as receiving variable valve timing. The RWD (LH2) Northstar produces 315–320 hp (235–239 kW) and 310–315 ft·lbf (420–427 N·m). An increased compression ratio of 10.5:1 enables most of the increase in power from the L37 and LD8 Northstars.

Year Model Power Torque
2004– Cadillac SRX 320 hp (239 kW) @ 6400 rpm 315 lb·ft (427 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
2004– Cadillac XLR 320 hp (239 kW) @ 6400 rpm 310 lb·ft (420 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
2004– Cadillac STS 320 hp (239 kW) @ 6400 rpm 315 lb·ft (427 N·m) @ 4400 rpm

[edit] Supercharged LC3

A 4.4 L (4371 cc/266 in³) supercharged Northstar is used in the 2006 Cadillac STS-V and Cadillac XLR-V. The bore was reduced for increased strength and improved head gasket sealing. Variable valve timing is used on both the intake and exhaust sides. The STS-V engine produces 469 hp (350 kW) at 6400 rpm and 439 ft·lbf (595 N·m) at 3900 rpm with 9.0:1 compression and the XLR-V engine produces 443 hp (330 kW) at 6400 rpm and 414 ft·lbf (561 N·m) at 3900 rpm .

Year Model Power Torque
2006– Cadillac STS-V 469 hp (350 kW) at 6400 rpm 439 ft·lbf (595 N·m) at 3900 rpm
2006– Cadillac XLR-V 443 hp (330 kW) at 6400 rpm 414 ft·lbf (561 N·m) at 3900 rpm

[edit] 4.4L

The 4.4L versions were all supercharged, exclusive to Cadillac's V-series. The 2006 - Present STS-V engine is certified by the SAE to produce 469 hp (350 kW) and 439 ft·lbf (595 N·m).

The 2006 - 2008 XLR-V uses the same supercharged Northstar V8 as the STS-V, though output is down somewhat due to design chages made to accommodate the model's more limited underhood space. For the XLR-V, the engine is certified by the SAE to produce 443 hp (330 kW) and 414 ft·lbf (561 N·m). The supercharger and four intercoolers are built into the intake manifold.

The bores were reduced in size to increase block strength, increasing the safety margin under boost.

[edit] 4.0L

This is the Oldsmobile Aurora variant, never installed in a Cadillac. The Aurora's cylinder heads had lower flow characteristics to match the engine's reduced size. The 4.0L engine produced 250 hp.

[edit] See also

From the 1950s through the 1970s, each GM division had its own V8 engine family. Some were shared among other divisions, but each respective design was engineered and developed by its own division:

GM later standardized on the later generations of the Chevrolet design:

[edit] References

  1. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Eldorado

[edit] External links