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Origin
States
De facto independent states from the Second Empire
Administration
Important rulers
First Bulgarian Empire
Asparukh • Tervel • Krum • Omurtag • Boris I • Simeon I the Great • Peter I • Samuil
Second Bulgarian Empire
Ivan Asen I • Kaloyan • Ivan Asen II • Constantine Tikh Asen • Michael Shishman • Ivan Alexander
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Conflicts
Major battles
First Bulgarian Empire
Battle of Ongal • Siege of Constantinople • Battle of Marcelae • Battle of Pliska • Battle of Southern Buh • Battle of Anchialus • Battle of the Gates of Trajan • Battle of Kleidion
Second Bulgarian Empire
Battle of Tryavna • Battle of Adrianople • Battle of Klokotnitsa • Battle of Skafida • Battle of Velbazhd • Battle of Rusokastro • Battle of Chernomen • Siege of Tarnovo
Major uprisings
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Literature
Prominent writers and scholars: Naum of Preslav • Clement of Ohrid • Chernorizets Hrabar • Constantine of Preslav • John Exarch • Evtimiy of Tarnovo • Gregory Tsamblak
Art and Architecture
Religion
Economy
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