Bullenhuser Damm
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This article is a rough translation of an article in German. It may have been generated by a computer or by a translator with limited proficiency in English or German. Feel free to enhance the translation. For reference, the original article may appear under "Deutsch" in the "languages" list. |
Bullenhuser Damm is a street in the quarter Rothenburgsort, in Hamburg, Germany.
At the former school Schule Bullenhuser Damm, partly destroyed during air raids, a subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp was established in October 1944[1] for more than 1.000 inmates to clear up the destroyed city. In the night of April 20th 1945 20 children and their orderly were killed in the basement of the school.
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[edit] The children of Bullenhuser Damm
[edit] Case history
The SS - physician Kurt Heißmeyer had done medical experiments to Soviet union prisoners of war at the camp Neuengamme. He ordered 20 jewish children (10 boy and 10 girls) from the camp Auschwitz to continue his experiments. His purpose had been to inject tuberculosis bacteria and to excise the axillary lymph nodes.
British troops had entered Hamburg as the children and their orderly were brought into the basement of the school Bullenhuser Damm. SS-physician Alfred Trzebinski injected morphin to the children and they were hanged in boiler room. At the same night 28 other adults died, mostly Soviet prisoners of war.
[edit] Criminal prosecutions
Some of the murderes, so Trzebinski, were arrested, send to trial and executed. Heißmeyer practised under his real name as a physician till 1963 in East Germany. SS Obersturmführer Arnold Strippel was sentenced to 21 times lifelong imprisoment, but became paroled later.
[edit] List of the children
- Marek James,a boy, 6 years of age, from Radom, Poland.
- H. Wassermann, a girl, 8, Poland.
- Roman Witonski, 6, and his
- sister Eleonora, 5, from Radom, Poland.
- R. Zeller, a 12 year old boy from Poland.
- Eduard Hornemann, 12, and his brother
- Alexander, 9, from Eindhoven, from the Netherlands.
- Riwka Herszberg, 7, girl
- Georges André Kohn, 12, a boy from Paris, France.
- Jacqueline Morgenstern, 12, girl, from Paris.
- Ruchla Zylberberg, 8, a girl.
- Edouard Reichenbaum, a boy, 10.
- Mania Altman, 5, from Radom in Poland.
- Sergio de Simone, 7, a boy from Naples, Italy.
- Marek Steinbaum, 10.
- W. Junglieb, a 12 years ol boy.
- S. Goldinger, a girl, 11.
- Lelka Birnbaum, a girl, 12.
- Lola Kugerman, 12.
- B. Mekler, 11, a girl.[2]
[edit] Aftermath
The building was again used as a school since 1948. Not until 1963 a badge, without mentioning the Soviet victims was fixed to the stairway. In 1980 in the basement were information signs and the Senat (governement) of Hamburg declared the school as a memorial site and renamed it to Janusz Korczak school. (Korczak was a Polish-Jewish pediatrician and author, who died at Treblinka extermination camp with about 190 orphans.) A rose garden was established 1985, because the school was in use till 1987. Later in the quarter Schnelsen several streets were named after the children and a memorial tablet was installed there.
In 2005 Wolfgang Peiner, Minister of Finance of Hamburg, published plans to sell the building Bullenhuser Damm 92/94. After several protests a spokesman denied this plans.
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ http://bundesrecht.juris.de/begdv_6/anlage_6.html Official list (German)
- ^ Die Schule am Bullenhuser Damm ((German)). Retrieved on 2008-04-20.
[edit] Literature
- Günther Schwarberg: Meine zwanzig Kinder. Steidl, Göttingen 1996, ISBN 3-88243-431-7 (German)
- Günther Schwarberg: Der SS-Arzt und die Kinder vom Bullenhuser Damm. Steidl, Göttingen 1988, ISBN 3-88243-095-8 (German)
[edit] External links
Hamburg newspaper article 2005 (German)
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