Broxburn, West Lothian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Broxburn | |
  Broxburn shown within Scotland |
|
| Population | 12,892 (2001 Census) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Council area | West Lothian |
| Lieutenancy area | West Lothian |
| Constituent country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Broxburn |
| Postcode district | EH52 |
| Dialling code | 01506 |
| Police | Lothian and Borders |
| Fire | Lothian and Borders |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
| European Parliament | Scotland |
| UK Parliament | Livingston constituency |
| Scottish Parliament | Livingston constituency |
| List of places: UK • Scotland | |
Broxburn is a small town in West Lothian, Scotland located 12 miles (19 km) west of Edinburgh on the A8 road. It is situated approximately 5 miles (9 km) from Edinburgh Airport. It had a population of 12,892[1] according to the 2001 Census.
A commuter town serving the M8 corridor into Edinburgh and the industrial areas of Livingston, Broxburn has seen a recent increase in immigration, especially from Poland, broadening its cultural diversity.
Contents |
[edit] Industry
[edit] Past
Broxburn remained an agricultural community until the development of the shale oil industry in the area during the second half of the nineteenth century. This brought in a rapid influx of workers, greatly expanding the local population. Broxburn is still known for its association with the industry, pioneered by the inventor and industrialist James Young. Many shale spoil tips, known as bings, are still in evidence around the town.
[edit] Present
Broxburn now has two separate industrial areas, the Greendykes Industrial Estate and the East Mains Industrial Estate, which provide employment for local people. The largest employers are Campbells Prime Meat Limited, Glenmorangie and Broxburn Bottlers Limited (part of Ian Macleod Distillers Ltd). The headquarters of Kwik-Fit, the automotive repair company, are also located in Broxburn.
[edit] Leisure
The Union Canal passes through Broxburn. It is no longer operates as a transport link, but is now used for fishing and some leisure boating. It has a towpath previously used by the horses which drew canal barges and which is now used as a footpath.
[edit] Notable people
Broxburn is the birthplace of director Michael Caton-Jones (director), Andrew Fairlie (actor)[1], Mark Burchill (footballer), one time England Test cricketer and Scottish one day international Gavin Hamilton.
[edit] History
The village that later became Broxburn probably originated around 1350 when Margery le Cheyne inherited the eastern half of the Barony of Strathbrock (Easter Strathbrock) on the death of her father, Sir Reginald le Cheyne III. The hamlet that grew up around her residence was then called Eastertoun (eastern town) after the land on which it stood. The lands of Strathbrock were earlier owned by Freskin the Fleming, granted to him under a charter from King David I of Scotland
Eastertoun was burned to the ground sometime in 1443-4 during a conflict between William Douglas, Lieutenant-General of Scotland, and William Crichton, Chancellor of Scotland. It was destroyed again in 1455 during fighting between the Douglases and King James II of Scotland. After the conflict was resolved the village was gradually resettled.
The village was renamed Broxburn in 1600 by Sir Richard Cockburn of Clerkington, Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, almost certainly after Broxburn, East Lothian. The name most likely derives from Brooks burn - brook (or bourn) meaning a boundary, and burn meaning a stream. Later Brooks burn became Brox burn and so Broxburn. Brox may also derive from broch, a Celtic round tower fortification, or from "brock", the old Celtic word for badger.
[edit] Education
Broxburn has four schools, all state funded, Broxburn Primary, Kirkhill Primary, St Nicholas Primary (RC) and Broxburn Academy. It is the location of Oatridge Agricultural College.
[edit] Sports and health
Broxburn is home to the junior football club Broxburn Athletic. There are sports and health facilities publicly available, including a sports centre, library, swimming pool and bowling club. There are also privately owned snooker and bowling clubs.
[edit] Administration
The Area Code for Broxburn is 01506 when dialled within the United Kingdom (+44 1506 internationally) and the UK postcode prefix is EH52. It is in the Livingston constituency of the British Parliament and the Broxburn, Uphall and Winchburgh ward of West Lothian Council. Broxburn is in the Livingston constituency of the Scottish Parliament.
[edit] Transport
The nearest bus terminal is in Livingston and the nearest railway station is at Uphall Station.
[edit] Hospitals and churches
The local hospital is St. John's Hospital at Howden in Livingston. Broxburn has its own health centre at the Strathbrock Partnership Centre. It has five churches, Broxburn Baptist Church, Broxburn Catholic Church, Broxburn Parish Church, Hopehall Evangelical Church and St Nicholas United Free Church of Scotland. There are also some other religious groups active in the town, including Jehovah's Witnesses and several evangelical Christian organisations. Broxburn has an annual gala day, which is held on the third Saturday in June.
[edit] Bibliography
Canule, Canule, Birnin Bricht by David Kerr, 2005
Discovering West Lothian by William F. Hendrie, John Donald Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh, 1986
A History of Broxburn by Peter Caldwell
Strathbrock Area Guide prepared and published by Uphall Community Council with assistance from Broxburn Community Council and Ecclesmachan & Threemiletown Community Council
