Broadbill
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Sapayoa |
The broadbills are a family of small passerine bird species found in tropical southeast Asia, with a few species in Africa.
Broadbills are brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests, so despite their colours, they are difficult to observe.
Their nest is a purse-shaped structure built in a tree, into which typically 2–3 eggs are laid.
The Smithornis and Pseudocalyptomena species occur in tropical Africa; the rest extend from the eastern Himalayas to Sumatra and Borneo.
The Sapayoa was originally classified in the group Pipridae, according to Sapayoa aenigma: a New World representative of 'Old World suboscines' the genus more accurately fits the broadbill family. The four species of asities, a family endemic to Madagascar are sometimes included in the broadbills (Prum 1993).
There are thus five subfamilies of broadbills:
Sapyornithinae (probably better considered a distinct family)
- Genus Sapayoa
- Broad-billed Sapayoa, Sapayoa aenigma
Smithornithinae, typical African broadbills
- Genus Smithornis
- African Broadbill, Smithornis capensis
- Gray-headed Broadbill, Smithornis sharpei
- Rufous-sided Broadbill, Smithornis rufolateralis
Pseudocalyptomeninae
- Genus Pseudocalyptomena
- Grauer's Broadbill, Pseudocalyptomena graueri
Calyptomeninae, Asian green broadbills
- Genus Calyptomena
- Green Broadbill, Calyptomena viridis
- Hose's Broadbill, Calyptomena hosei
- Whitehead's Broadbill Calyptomena whiteheadi
Eurylaiminae, typical Asian broadbills
- Genus Corydon
- Dusky Broadbill, Corydon sumatranus
- Genus Cymbirhynchus
- Black-and-red Broadbill, Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos
- Genus Eurylaimus
- Banded Broadbill, Eurylaimus javanicus
- Black-and-yellow Broadbill, Eurylaimus ochromalus
- Wattled Broadbill, Eurylaimus steerii
- Visayan Broadbill, Eurylaimus samarensis
- Genus Psarisomus
- Long-tailed Broadbill, Psarisomus dalhousiae
- Genus Serilophus
- Silver-breasted Broadbill, Serilophus lunatus
[edit] References
- Prum, R. 0. 1993. Phylogeny, biogeography, and evolution of the broadbills (Eurylaimidae) and asities (Philepittidae) based on morphology. Auk 110:304-324.
