Bremen-Verden
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Bremen-Verden (Duchy of Bremen, German: Herzogtum Bremen) was a dominion of Sweden from 1648 to 1712 , when it was captured by Denmark and in 1715 ceded to Hanover — confirmed in the Treaty of Stockholm (1719).
The duchy was created as a possession of the King of Sweden in 1648 by the Peace of Westphalia, from territory previously held by the Archbishop of Bremen. As a result of the Great Northern War, it was passed to the Electorate of Hanover by the Treaty of Stockholm (1719), under whose rule the duchy remained until the electorate's annexation by Prussia during the Napoleonic Wars.
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[edit] History
It came under Swedish control by the Peace of Westphalia, which concluded the Thirty Years' War, and consisted of the bishoprics of Bremen and Verden.
By the peace treaty, Swedish jurisdiction also extended to the city of Bremen, but the city's refusal to submit to Swedish control gave cause to two wars. The First Bremian War in 1654 resulted in the Recess of Stede, where the main issue was left unresolved, but the city agreed to pay tribute and levy taxes to the Swedish king. The Second Bremian War in 1666 was on the whole an unsuccessful attempt on the Swedish side to assert its authority over the city.
The town of Wildeshausen was situated as an exclave to the main territory of the dominion. In 1679, following the Treaty of Nijmegen, it was pawned to the Prince-Bishop of Münster, in exchange for a loan of 100,000 Riksdaler.
[edit] Governors-General
- Jurgen Mellin (1696–98)
- Nils Carlsson Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik (1698–1711)
- Mauritz von Vellingk (1711–12)
