Talk:Brave New World

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Contents

[edit] Summary Section

The summary section is an absolute mess. Barely any of it is a summary of the actual novel. 74.37.131.146 (talk) 11:20, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

For what reasons do you say that, 74.37.131.146? Qwerty (talk) 06:17, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Iceland?

Under the resolution plot section, it says that Bernard was sent to Iceland. Bernard and Helmholtz were supposed to be sent to remote unihabited islands, so I don't think Bernard was sent to Iceland. When Mond said he was going to be sent to an island, Bernard assumed it was Iceland because the Director had threatened to send him there to work there where his ideas would not contaminate other people. I I K I I 04:03, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Yeah...Helmholtz at least was sent to The Falklands. I'm not sure about Bernard but due to the style of writing in the book it seems they're going together. Geisskane

I'm inclined to agree unless someone else has more information. --LAgurl 16:31, 21 October 2007 (UTC)

It's implied that Bernard is exiled to Iceland (with the DHC's threats), but it's canonical and clearly stated that Helmholtz is to be exiled to The Falklands; in fact, he's given a choice as to where he's exiled: he prefers to be exiled to an island with a harsh climate so as to inspire him in his writings. Mond suggests The Falklands. Qwerty (talk) 03:31, 30 December 2007 (UTC)
An excerpt from Chapter XVIII of Brave New World, Huxley, A. Longman Literature (no date, no place of publication; though, the WP article on Longman indicates that my version of the novel was published prior to 1968, otherwise it'd probably be a Pearson Longman publication):

"Well, I'm not surprised," said Helmholtz. After a silence, "We've come to say good-bye," he went on in another tone. "We're off to-morrow morning."

"Yes, we're off to-morrow," said Bernard, on whose face the Savage remarked a new expression of determined resignation.

The text seems to imply that they're departing together, but it doesn't explicitly state whether they're to arrive at the very same destination. Qwerty (talk) 13:26, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Classes?

"can be further divided into plus, minus and moron" Moron ?? is that right?

I only remember the phrase "Epsilon semi-moron," so I think it's just the lowest possible rating. Historically, the terms idiot, imbecile, moron, etc. were actual ratings of mental disability.

The page correclty says plus and minus now. The system has a striking similarity to the exam grades given at Oxford and Cambridge. --GwydionM 17:08, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Ill-defined characters?

This statement doesn't seem very NPOV. - 24.252.131.209 19:27, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Mustapha Mond

The given explaination may be correct, but I suspect this is also a pun. There was a "cracker" popular in the US called "Uneeda Biscuit" (You need a biscuit), which spawned other product names like "Itsagood Soap". How about (Must have a world)? Pustelnik (talk) 13:35, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

Of course, that's only understandable if the "Mond" bit is interpreted by someone who knows that 'monde' in French means world, or by someone who can see that there's the Latin 'mundus' in it. Perhaps it's 'true'; after all, Mustapha Mond is a World Controller. Qwerty (talk) 03:31, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Comparison with Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four

it says "The dystopian world of 1984 is all-encompassing, the world Brave New World includes "savage reservations" and "the islands". The latter are places of exile for freethinkers but they are also to some extent a haven. No such places exist in 1984." if im not mistaken in 1984 the world of the proles is comparable. although its not a clean comparison there is a place in society that is not under constant opression. 69.76.80.162 19:19, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Hell, the whole section is original research and should probably be expunged. -- ShinmaWa(talk) 01:06, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
Maybe not the WHOLE section, but there is a lot of it that is less than properly cited. -- ShinmaWa(talk) 22:17, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

The prole area isn't comparable on the basis that they are the symbol of the working class in 1984, they are still subject to social control (for example Julia works in the prole pornography section) and they don't know thier own personal power within the society they live in. Prorole areas are also subject to attack, so they aren't stable areas to live, they aresubject to low paid work and mulitple birth and such. The only freedom they have is a freedom they can't grasp due to thier low social setting... If you read Huxley's "Brave New World Revisited" even Huxley states there is little room for comparison due to the use of rulership over the societys in question. So, in short the proles could only be free thinking if they chose to be... user:femalegeek —Preceding comment was added at 16:27, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Adaptations

Someone needs to revise the adaptations. While several of the movies are direct adaptations there are several that should not be listed if anything they should be put under 'see also'. These would include Equilibrium, The Island, and Demolition Man. Yes they share a similiarity but all sci-fi utopia works share a common theme. The Island especially has nothing in particular to do with Brave New World and Equilibrium may have used it for inspiration or even alluded to the novel where as Demolition Man has some allusions it falls short of the comparison. Brave New World is all about consumerism, drugs, and overt stimulation. Where in Demolition Man drugs are prohibited, people do not have sex, where in a brave new world they have government ordered orgies, and other very distinct differences. Stellrmn 01:44, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Soma: A Stimulant?

I thought soma made the characters sleep better. I would think it would be a narcotic hallucinogen or something. Boris B 05:58, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

I doubt pharmacology in 1932 was that specific.

As I remember it soma is a drug much like a mixture of the pot of today and something along the lines of cocaine and even heroin. Huxley might've had opium in mind, and some of the aspects of it does make it seem like opium. Zeerak.w 08:11, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

No soma does not make characters sleep better, it simply regulates their their emotions, whenever they experience any negitive emotions. It is a drug provideing them with a false happiness

Ummm... the Soma link loopholes to the Brave New World page (i.e it just refreshes the page)

If you ask me, it's a hallucinogen (considering the characters hallucinate many times while on it, going into dream like states etc) Helmetlad 22:56, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

In Huxley's Brave New York Revisited, he discusses his experimental use of LSD and its effects. He later suggests that it influenced his idea of soma in the novel. Also, the effects of soma can be found consistent with the effects of LSD in his book, The Doors of Perception written in 1954.

  • LSD was synthesized in 1938, after the novel was written. Pustelnik (talk) 13:41, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

I noticed that the link "Soma" redirects to the "Brave New World" page. It's redundant and provides no extra information. Should this be changed? (Sethc87 (talk) 13:55, 12 February 2008 (UTC))

Yes, Soma (Brave New World) was changed to a redirect a few months ago. Looking at it's history it seems it failed WP:FICT. -Verdatum (talk) 15:04, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

In explaining the word soma the article concentrates - IMHO erroneously - on the greek sóma (body), whereas the (mysterious) drug drink soma plays a great role in both Vedantic litterature and Avesta (as Haoma). See e.g. Soma. --Sokoljan (talk) 11:57, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Dystopian?

I hear this book's setting frequently referred to as a dystopian future. However I personally have come to doubt such a straightforward labelling of the fictional society. Is it truly dystopian if, (assuming we are to believe the characters) the majority of the planet's population is in fact, happy all the time? (Now it's been quite some time since I'm personally read the book so if this is inaccurate, feel free to correct me). While culturally passive and day-to-day life was banal, generally the situation was excessively bearable to most people, (with a few exceptions in the case of the protagonists). I'm not saying it was perfect, but of all the "dystopian" futures I can think of, Sexy Drug Party Universe really doesn't sound too bad!--24.141.134.4 18:52, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

The standard of living and happiness of the individual are not the only driving force of something being a dystopia. A few definitions from a "define:dystopia" search on Google:
*"Unfortunate "accounts of imaginary worlds, usually in the future in which present tendencies are carried out to their intensely unpleasant culminations""
*"an imaginary place where people lead dehumanized and often fearful lives; an imaginary place or state where everything is as bad as it possibly can be: or a description of such a place."
*"Polar opposite of utopia. A society in which social and/or technological trends have contributed to a corrupted or degraded state."
Or, even from Wikipedia's own Dystopia page: "A dystopia (alternatively, cacotopia, kakotopia or anti-utopia) is the antithesis of a utopian society. Dystopian societies are usually characterized by extreme governmental tyranny and an exploitation of the people."
While it can be seen that unhappiness and a low standard of living and whatnot can be factors of a dystopia (or may define a dystopia), it is also safe to say that there are several other possible conditions that I believe Brave New World easily fulfills. -- Masterzora 02:51, 4 March 2007 (UTC)
It has been commented on before that many people seem to sense a bit of ambiguity in BNW. I did, too. And I suspect that this ambiguity was intentional on Huxley's part. This in contrast to Nineteen Eighy-Four, which I think is unambiguously dystopian. --Kvaks 11:26, 5 March 2007 (UTC)
I disagree that BNW is a dystopia. By the dictionary definition of dystopia, it is not a dystopia. there is no squalor, depression or unhappiness in general, no exploitation of the masses by a select few, only a general amnesia of what we consider to be important in our own society. in fact, this society manages to maintain a very good standard of living for everyone (except the savages, who are not a part of the society). I feel that it is important to remember that the people of BNW are used to their society and enjoy it. Even the world controllers don't truly know what it is to live outside the society. Tippyc (talk) 02:06, 28 February 2008 (UTC)


I suppose not only we feel the ambiguity but that makes this book so great. If we could say that this is only a bad dream it would be meaningless. But as it is a utopia/distopia that aims towards the making of a better world we have to choose which kind of life would we prefer. The one that the Bible states to be where obviously there's pain (Genesis 3:16-17) or the one in a brave new world where there is no pain at all but no content as well.

In thinking about Brave New World, it's important to remember that is was written a few years before WWII, and that at that time the debate on eugenics was popular in intellectual circles before it became all but taboo following the war and in particular the horrific experiments of Josef Mengele. Also, the influence of Huxley's grandfather Thomas is highly relevant to seeing Brave New World in context. Thomas Huxley was a friend and supporter of Charles Darwin, involved with Darwin before the publication of Origins, and a vigorous promoter of the theory of evolution. Aldous Huxley grew up in an intellectual world deeply embroiled in the debate over the nature of man, and the emerging view of man as an animal and a product of evolution and of his environment. An intellectual world in which, also, Marxist philosophy is new and very much debated. It's also worth noting, in respect of examining Huxley's soma, that after moving to the USA in later life, Huxley became highly involved in the LSD sub-culture; not the action of a man who was warning against recreational drugs. My personal belief is that Huxley's book was not so much intended as a warning in the way the Nineteen-Eighty-Four was, but that Huxley was suggesting that the society he painted in Brave New World could actually be better. Later, Huxley was outspoken against that sort of interpretation, but I believe he changed his position, as did many intellectuals, in the light of the atrocities of WWII. Consider the fate of Bernard Marx: He experiences a sort of 'awakening conscience,' the gradual realisation that something is amiss in society; however, unlike Winston Smith in nineteen-eighty-four he does not end up in Room 101, he is sent to an island of alpha-plusses who "know the truth," and do not need to have their lives controlled by the state. But the fate of John the Savage, who cannot accept that society, is suicide. For the first half of the book, we are shown characters (e.g. Lenina) who 'appear' to be happy. Bernard is not happy, and Huxley leads us to suppose that Lenina et al. are happy only in the ignorance of their being controlled. However, the twist in the tale is that in the final analysis, Lenina actually was happy, and Bernard becomes happy. The only unhappy man is John the Savage who cannot accept the intellectual management of society. The question it forces us to ask of our own western society, is do we agree with Huxley? As was pointed out above, we have 'soma' in the form of TV, cannabis, playstation etc. We have a generally more promiscuous attitude towards sex. Self-gratification is constantly promoted to us in advertising. Being genetically programmed to love our job would guarantee that we love our job. Nineteen-Eighty-Four is a more dire warning than Brave New World, and indeed, much has come to pass, CCTV everywhere (Big Brother), political correctness (thought police), and newspeak (as above). Brave New World is more subtle, and raises questions more than it gives overt warnings. Certainly much of it has come to pass. Oliver Low 18:07, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

In short, in response to the question, "Is it truly dystopian if, (assuming we are to believe the characters) the majority of the planet's population is in fact, happy all the time?", yes it is dystopian if you're regard not possessing an identity and essentially no civil liberties, let alone rights, as dystopian. Sure, the characters may be happy, but happiness is hardly all that matters; in the society that's presented in BNW, people are confined to one path - of one job, of multiple partners and sex for the fun of it (as opposed to relationships and love), of soma, of orgies and Community Sings, and of hedonism. Qwerty (talk) 03:31, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Characters

I think Linda (John the Savage's mother) should be included on the list. I mean, some of the characters included have no bearing on the plot. I haven't read the book in a while, so if someone else could add her that would great. FruitMart07 02:31, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

oops. I just missed it because it didn't have a bullet. FruitMart07 02:32, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Characters merge discussion

These should all be merged per WP:FICT and WP:NOT#IINFO. Wikipedia is not a collection of plot summaries. The four above articles are entirely consist of plot summary. They also do not say anything more htan what this very-long plot summary already does. They are better covered in this article. If it can be proven otherwise - if they have been the subject of multiple, independant sources - then my reasons will lack merit. hbdragon88 01:52, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Merging of the characters?

Hbdragon88 decided to redirect all the characters individual pages to the novel page. Most other novel articles on WP have allowed for characters to have their own pages. It seems appropriate that at least the major characters have their own pages, uch as Mustapha Mond and Bernard Marx. What are people's thoughts?—Gaff ταλκ 01:54, 18 May 2007 (UTC)\\

[edit] Lenina's social class

I was just curious, is Lenina not a Gamma, I have come to this conclusion by the fact that she wears all green. And green is the color asociated with the Gamma caste. From Brave New World: .....Gammas are stupid. They all wear green. Just wondered if anyone could shed some light on this. 76.27.6.206 19:46, 31 May 2007 (UTC) Lenina is an Alpha But do you have any proof?

Actually Lenina is a beta. When she is flying in a helicopter with Henry, she states that "Khaki is a hideous color", then says "I'm so glad I'm a beta" --GTPoompt(talk) 15:31, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Lenina is an alpha. She does say "Khaki is a hideous color", but not "I'm so glad I'm a beta".
She does say "I'm so glad I'm not a gamma"
The gamma colour is leaf green while the alpha colour is bottle green.
This should be fixed in the article. 10:47, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

I think Lenina is a Gamma. She does say "I'm glad I'm not a Gamma" in the helicopter, but I think that was an author's mistake. Everything points to her being Gamma green. Alpha wears grey, Beta mulberry, Delta khaki and Epsilon black --150.101.121.94 06:12, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

The chances of that being an "author's mistake" are slim to none. Huxley did nothing without intense purpose. I've searched the internet and have found almost equal results for her being either a beta or an alpha. She is not a Gamma.Lilianjames 01:28, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

Lenina is a beta, not a gamma and not an alpha, beta's are like the not-so-bright, hot chicks that the 'alpha' males cant resist. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.183.10.208 (talk) 5 November 2007

Yes, she is a Beta/Beta-Plus; like Linda (before the latter entered the Savage Reservation), she's an embryo worker. (I'll try to find the exact quotes that support this. Of course, there's the hypnopaedic mantras that she utters.) She certainly isn't an Alpha, though. Qwerty (talk) 03:31, 30 December 2007 (UTC)
Alright, I just skimmed through the first few chapters (1-11), and I can't seem to find any evidence for Lenina's class. I did, however, find something on the BNW website:

Lenina
a young, beautiful and sexually liberated Alpha. Lenina is a popular and promiscuous vaccination-worker at the Hatchery and Conditioning Centre. Somewhat quirky - she normally dates only one person at a time - Lenina is basically happy and well-conditioned. She uses soma to suppress unwelcome emotions. Lenina has a date with Bernard, to whom she feels ambivalently attracted; and she goes to the Reservation with him. On returning with relief to civilisation, she tries and fails to seduce John the Savage. The Savage loves and desires Lenina; but owing to his quixotic nature, he is repelled by her forwardness and the prospect of pre-marital sex. So he casts her aside as an "impudent strumpet".

This is very conflicting, to say the least. Qwerty (talk) 03:40, 30 December 2007 (UTC)
Okay, so while I assumed that Lenina was just an ordinary Beta, it looks like she's actually an Alpha. She wore a bottle green (Alpha) outfit (Alpha kids wear grey, though), not a leaf green/Gamma-green one. On the other hand, she's said to be wearing lots of colours; from pink, to white, to green (but I'm not sure if she wears mulberry or any colour similar to that in BNW). (Perhaps I assumed her to be a Beta due to the description ascribed to her eyes ('lupus and the purple eyes') and then the assumption that she was a Beta, like Linda, so that she'd better empathise with the latter. Lenina's definitely not one of the 'lower castes', as she calls Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons. Qwerty (talk) 03:56, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

I think the colour of her clothes has no significance at all as I always thought higher castes (alphas and betas) are free in their choice of clothing. Moreover, the fact that she's an embryo worker which really isn't an intellectual work does point to her being a beta in my opinion. Tummel (talk) 21:02, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

Perhaps so, Tummel. Should we take Huxley's word, or at least the words on the official Huxley website, as the truth? Qwerty (talk) 07:28, 23 January 2008 (UTC)
I say book first, websites second. Or maybe we should cite both? hbdragon88 (talk) 08:23, 23 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Miscellaneous

The song "soma" of the album "Is this it" by the strokes is reffering to the drug taken in the novel Brave New World by Alsous Huxley

[edit] History and context

Can someone add some more specific info about the Henry Ford book mentioned in this section? It's almost too vague to be useful. Also, citations for this book and the Illustrated London News article would be nice.

[edit] Malthusian belt

Is the "Malthusian belt" fashion or birth-control (or fasionable birth-control)? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.61.148.104 (talk) 20 June 2007

Firstly, thanks for using an edit summary; it made it all the easier to identify your edit. The Malthusian belt is used primarily as birth-control, but it is also a fashion accessory. Qwerty (talk) 02:45, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Post-apocalyptic novel

I'm removing this from the "Post-apocalyptic novel" category. Unless I'm missing something, I don't think it belongs. The "Dystopian novel" category makes sense to me, but this one doesn't.

RevTarthpeigust 06:32, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

I'm reading the plot summary now and describing any sort of novel, let alone this one, as "post-apocalyptic" seems to demonstrate a lack of understanding. The very nature of an apocalypse is that there is nothing that would come after it, not a society, a world, or the setting of any possible novels. I'm removing the term from where I saw it. If you have a reason why it's an apt term then let's have a discussion. Rufusgriffin 07:18, 23 July 2007 (UTC) A second note - I think the entire plot section could use a good revision, but it's early in the morning, so I'll do it later. Rufusgriffin 07:23, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Popular culture

Long ago, I removed the list of references from popular media and moved them to their own article, Brave New World in popular culture. However, that article was deleted. It's arguable that what I should have done is simply delete the section, but I want to call this history out in case someone thinks there's something valuable that's been lost, here. -Harmil 17:35, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Incorrect Freud Reference?

The article mentions "Freud's popularisation of the idea that sexual activity is essential to human happiness and need not be open to procreation. It is also implied that citizens of the World State believe Freud and Ford to be the same person."

Now, the book does allude to Freud (I just finished it), but my knowledge of Freud indicates he thought that, although sex was central to the psyche, non-procreative sex would make you extremely neurotic, if not completely insane. His Interpretation of Dreams, for instance, has a long and very Victorian spew about how coitus interruptus causes severe subconscious guilt for 'killing' the child you ought to be having when having sex.

I'm pretty sure that makes the article wrong, but I'm not sure how to rephrase the Freud reference in the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.29.95.219 (talk) 04:30, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Incorrect Reference to AF Year Zero

In the first chapter the director informs the students that hypnopaedia was first used 23 years after the model T was first put on the market. "Furiously the students scribbled. 'Hypnopaedia, first used officially in A.F. 214...'" The timeline would put year zero at 1717 A.D., the year the Premier Grandmaster Freemason Lodge was founded. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.185.195.5 (talk) 01:34, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

No, no, isn't that meant to mean that hypnopaedia was first used in 1908+23, so that's 1933, and then 214 years after, it began to see its usage by the World State, officially? Qwerty (talk) 03:31, 30 December 2007 (UTC)
Check your math. A.F. 214 was the year it was first used. Go back 214 years. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.15.115.62 (talk) 20:11, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Code/link removed

I've removed the following from the "Brave New World" article: <embed style="width:400px; height:326px;" id="VideoPlayback" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=8680508443361146911&hl=en" flashvars=""></embed>. I don't quite know what the video is of; it isn't loading. If anyone feels like checking it and verifying whether it's appropriate and relevant to the article, feel free to add it back. (I can only view the first few seconds; there's an embryo, and that's all, for me.) Qwerty (talk) 06:45, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Wrong year A.D.

The lead of the article states the story takes place in 2579 AD, but later in the article it is stated it takes place in 2540 AD. Also, AF 632 (as mentioned in the book) + 1908 AD = 2540 AD. I'll edit it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Darth Viller (talk • contribs) 14:27, 13 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Lenina's death

In the synopsis it is stated that it is implied that Lenina is killed by John during the orgy. What exactly does imply this? As I read the scene, she is whipped and lies on the ground apparently moving when the orgy starts. Also, there is no reference to a dead body lying around, or any indication that John bears the supposed murder in mind when he decides to kill himself. It might just have been a sense of having commited a sin (in that case: he gave in to his "flesh" by having sex during the orgy) that made him kill himself. Does anyone agree with me or can anyone give reasonable arguments against this? Tummel (talk) 21:11, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

That was added very recently in fact; I reverted it. - ∅ (∅), 18:06, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Thomas Malthus in Background figures

Shouldn't there be some kind of explanation why the Malthusian belt was named after him, or at least some information on his person like "a demographer, whose views on population growth were widespread in the 19th century" to provide some kind of connection to the use of his name in BNW? Tummel (talk) 21:47, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

There's a link to Malthus which should be enough; this isn't the article about him. - ∅ (∅), 18:07, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Fair use rationale for Image:BraveNewWorld FirstEdition.jpg

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BetacommandBot (talk) 04:11, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Fair use rationale for Image:Braverevisite.jpg

Image:Braverevisite.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Wikipedia:Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 04:17, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Ira Levin's This Perfect Day

Ira Levin's "This Perfect Day" might perhaps be added to the "See Also" section? Charles Goodwin, Wellington NZ, 8/3/08 122.57.37.83 (talk) 22:55, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Dual-way

This is a well-written and informative article from the view of the books' meaning, but not from the actual content. Nontheless, preserve it. If not for many of the sections marked "This may contain original or uncited material, I wouldn't have read the book.
Professor Plum
11/6/08 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.173.49.40 (talk) 06:31, 11 June 2008 (UTC)