BMP-1 variants

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This is a complete list of variants and designations of the BMP-1 infantry fighting vehicle. It is sorted by country of origin.

[edit] Variants

Afghan BMP-1 armed with ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun.

[edit] Afghanistan

• BMP-1 with its turret replaced by the ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun. It was used for fire support in the Afghanistan mountains.^[1]

[edit] Belarus

• BMP-1 reequipted by Byelorussian 140^th Repair Works from Barysaw during a major repair into an IFV of BMP-1P efficiency level. Vehicles modernized in 2000s are equipped with a modern gun aiming mechanism, modern sights and semi-automatic infrared jam-resistant fire control system.
• BMP-1 armed with 30 mm gun in Cobra overhead mount turret. It is equipped with three smoke grenade launchers on either side of the turret and flotation sides-skirts/mudguards from BMP-2.^[1]
• BMP-1 armed with 30 mm gun in Cobra overhead mount turret. It is equipped with three smoke grenade launchers on the right hand side of the turret and two on the left. It also has an additional armour.^[1]

[edit] Bulgaria

• BRM-23 - Reconnaissance variant with a 23 mm cannon, navigation system, NBC and artillery reconnaissance devices, and image intensifier night sights.^[2]Photos
• BMP-1KShM-9S743 - Bulgarian version of the MP-31 with minor changes.

[edit] Cuba

• BMP-1 converted into a self propelled howitzer armed with a 122 mm D-30 howitzer in an open topped superstructure placed on the rear of the hull.^[3]
• BMP-1 converted into a self propelled howitzer armed with a 122 mm D-30 howitzer in an open topped turret placed on the rear of the hull.^[4]

[edit] Czech Republic^[5]

• BVP-1MA - Czech modernized BVP-1 with German Kuka E8 high squarish, one-man turret with prominent overhang on the front and eight smoke grenade launchers (in groups of two and four per each side of the turret). It is armed with 30 mm Mk 44 Bushmaster II autocannon with a small circular muzzle-brake. Gunner's position is located at the rear of the turret. It has new type of sides-skirts/mudguards. It also has additional protection and hand rails on the headlights. It has two rear view mirrors in the front and four stop lights (two per each side) and two turn lights (one per each side) in the rear. It is also known under designation BVP-1MB.^[1]
• Tania - Czech upgrade made by the Caliber company from Prague.^[1]
• BVP-1 STROP - BVP-1 with turret replaced by twin 30 mm PLDvK vz.53/59 anti-aircraft guns. It has a new commander's hatch and forward pair of hatches while all of the roof's periscopes located on the troop compartment have been removed. In the front and below the gun mount is the housing for the various sights associated with controlling the weapons. The Czech Army evaluated the vehicle but did not accept it for service and several examples have been seen in use in Angola though it is not clear whether they are of Czech or Angolan production or used by the Angolan or Cuban Army.^[1]
• OT-90M1 - Czech modernization of OT-90 with an IR searchlight on top of the turret.^[1]
  • OT-90M2 - Czech modernization of OT-90 with a raised superstructure, additional armour on turret and two IR searchlights on top of the turret.^[1]
    • OT-90M3 - Czech modernization of OT-90.
• BVP-1SM - BVP-1 converted into an armoured ambulance. It usually comprises a surplus chassis. The armament of the turret is removed and the aperture is plated over.^[1]
• BVP-1 converted into a turretless ambulance.^[1]
• BVP-1PPK or PzPK "Snĕžka" (PPK and PzPK stands for průzkumný a pozoravací komplet) - Czech BVP-1 converted into an artillery reconnaissance vehicle. It can detect, recognize and track both moving and stationary targets, observe the fall of the artillery shell and other tasks. It has a 14 m hydraulic arm mounted on the roof of the superstructure in the rear of the vehicle. The mas mounts observation equipment and a sensor system which includes a laser range finder, TV cameras for day and night operations, a thermal camera, a wind velocity measuring unit and the BR 2140 X-band battlefield surveillance radar. Internal equipment includes land navigation system, GPS navigation units, optical sights and real-time data transmission equipment. It entered service in 1997.^[1][6]Photos
• OT R-5 "Bečva" (OT R-5 stands for Obrnený Transportér Radiovůz - 5 - "Armoured Personnel Carrier Radio Vehicle - 5") - Czech-made command vehicle with a superstructure in place of the troop compartment. It is equipped with R-130, R-123, R-173, RF-10 and RDM 61M HV/VHF radio sets. Main armament consist of a 12.7 mm DShK 1938/46 heavy antiaircraft machine gun. Crew has increased from three to five.^[1]
  • OT R-5M (OT R-5 stands for Obrnený Transportér Radiovůz - 5 - "Armoured Personnel Carrier Radio Vehicle - 5")
    • OT R-5M1p (OT R-5 stands for Obrnený Transportér Radiovůz - 5 - "Armoured Personnel Carrier Radio Vehicle - 5")
• MPP 40p BVP (MPP stands for Mobilní Prístupová Provozovna) - Czech signals vehicle based on BVP-1 AMB-S armoured ambulance. It entered service in 2002. The specialized equipment consists of one RF 1301 (1W) radio set, two RF 1325 (25W) radio sets, one NM 1301 radio set, one R-150S HF-radio, one TR 13 telephone set, one TS 13 telephone set, four TD 13 telephone sets, one RM 13 telephone set, one GPR 22 navigation device, ten TPA 97 analog field telephones and four TPD 97 digital field telephones.^[7][8]
• BVP-1 LOS (light observation system) - Czech-made reconnaissance vehicle based on DP-90 equipped with three smoke grenade launchers on each side of the turret, GPS, a generator and a computer. It also has an elevatable telescopic mast mounted on the dummy unmanned BVP-2 turret with a day/night television camera, a laser rangefinder and a laser target marker. It also has antennae mounts on the each side of the rear part of the hull's roof. Czech Army plans to deploy those vehicles in BVP-2 companies and that's why it is made to resemble a BVP-2.Photos^[1]

[edit] Egypt

• BMP-1S - BMP-1 fitted with a French Poyaud 520 6L CS2 diesel engine developing 310 hp (231 kW) at 2800 rpm. 200 Egyptian BMP-1 IFVs were reequipped from 1979 onward.^[1][9]

[edit] Finland

• BMP-1 with six stop lights in the rear and without the autoloader.
• BMP-1PS - Finland has modified all its BMP-1 and BMP-1P IFVs to BMP-1PS and BMP-1K1 level (qv). The former one is similar to the original BMP-1P but has additional four 76mm Wegmann smoke grenade launchers on the right front side of the turret and two Lyran 71 mm mortars on the left rear of the turret. Both of them don't have the autoloader.
• BMP-1TJ "Tuya" - Artillery reconnaissance vehicle.
• BMP-1TJJ - Artillery reconnaissance vehicle.

[edit] Former Czechoslovakia^[10]

BVP-1 of the Slovak Army

BPzV recce variant.

• BVP-1 (BVP-1 stands for Bojové Vozidlo Pechoty - 1 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Czechoslovak designation for BMP-1. Photos
  • BVP-1 with six MD smoke grenade launchers on the rear of the turret and flotation sides-skirts/mudguards from BVP-2.^[1]
  • BVP-1K - Czechoslovak command variant of BVP-1.
  • BPzV "Svatava" - Reconnaissance vehicle, based on the basic BVP-1, intended for independent reconnaissance or combat behind enemy lines. Additionally fitted with a passive observation system on the commander's station, improved armament, protection and mobility, a PSNR-5K "Tall Mike" external tripod radar, an NNP-21 observation system and an additional 902S eight barreled smoke grenade launcher on the rear of the turret. Crew was uncreased from 3 to 5.^[1][2]
  • Vz.85 ShM-120 PRAM-S (samohybný minomet) - 120 mm automatically loaded Model 1982 self-propelled mortar with a firing range from 504 m to 8036 m mounted on the BVP-1 chassis in low casemate superstructure in the rear half of the vehicle. It is intended to provide sustained fire support for mechanized units. The mortar has a rate of fire of 18 - 20 rounds per minute and is capable of firing 40 rounds in 5 minutes or 70 rounds in 10 minutes. The total ammunition load is 80 HE, SMK and ILL rounds including 21 in the automatic loader. Apart from the 120 mm mortar the vehicle is equipped with 9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel) ATGM, 12.7 mm NSVT anti-aircraft heavy machine gun, RPG-75 anti-tank grenade launchers, F1 hand grenade, Model 58 7.62 mm submachineguns.Photos^[1]
  • BVP-1 AMB-S (ambulantné vozidlo) - Armoured ambulance without the turret and with a built-up troop compartment and room for 4 stretchers. On top of the build up troop compartment there's a small IR search light. The BVP-1 AMB-S designation is still used by Czech Army, BVP-1 AMB-S in Slovakian army have a different designation (See Slovakian section for details).^[1]Photos
  • VPV (VPV stands for Vyprošťovací Pásové Vozidlo) - BVP-1 convention into an ARV developed at the ZTS Martin Research and Development Institute and production commenced at the ZTS Martin plant (which is now in Slovakia) in 1984. It is equipped with a powered crane with 5 tonnes capacity, heavy winch, wider troop compartment etc. Hatches on top of the turret and the troop compartment were removed. The vehicle is divided into four compartments: engine, commander's, driver's and repair/cargo. The crew consists of a Commander/crane operator, Driver/welder/slinger and a logistician/mechanic. The vehicle is armed with a pintle mounted 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun. Many VPV's are in fact based on the BVP-2.Photos^[1]
  • SVO (SVO stands for Samohybný Výbušný Odmínovač) - BVP-1 converted into a mine clearing vehicle. It doesn't have the turret and is fitted with a Hedgehog type launcher for 24x245 mm Cv-OŠ-SVO FAE-rockets in rear troop compartment (each rocket weighs 41.5 kg). The first launched rocket has a range from 350 m to 530 m. The last rocket has a range from 250 m to 430 m. All 24 rockets can be ripple-fired within 64 seconds. The cleared area is a 5 m x 100 m corridor. The operator has a work station in the right hand side of the rear of the hull. The combat weight of the vehicle has increased from 13.5 tonnes to 13.83 tonnes.Photos^[1]
  • "Bouře III" - PsyOps vehicle with its turret replaced by a raised plinth with a retractable loudspeaker system. On the rear of the vehicle there is a cupola with periscopes. It is also known under designation BMP-1B.^[1]
  • OT-90 - APC variant with turret from OT-64A (armed with 14,5mm KPVT and 7,62mm PKT), non-amphibious. Photos
    • DTP-90 (DTP-90 stands for Dílna Techniké Pomoci - 90) - Maintenance version of OT-90 with removed turret and replaced by various stowage boxes on the top of the hull.^[1]Photos
      • DTP-90M (DTP-90 stands for Dílna Techniké Pomoci - 90) - More specialised maintenance version with raised roof line and light crane. Photos
    • DP-90 (DP-90 stands for Delostřelecká Pozorovatèlna - 90) - Artillery direction version of OT-90. It has a fixed BMP-1 turret with main armament removed.^[1]
    • MU-90 (MU-90 stands for Minový Ukladač - 90 - "Mine Layer - 90") - Mine-laying version of OT-90. The turret has been removed and replaced with bins on the hull's roof over turret ring. Troop compartment is fitted with stowage racks for 100 PT Mi-U and PT Mi-Ba-III anti-tank mines and mine-laying chute which is fitted to the base of the right hand side rear door of the troop compartment and is only capable of surface mine laying. It also has single antennae mounted on the left side of the rear of the hull.^[1]Photos
    • OZ-90 or OT-90ZDR (zdravodny) - ambulance. Basically an OT-90 without turret. Photos
    • VP-90 (VP-90 stands for Velitelska Pozorovatèlna - 90) - Command and reconnaissance version of OT-90 fitted with R-123M, R-107T and RF-10 radio sets. Most of the firing ports and periscopes of the troop compartment have been deleted except for a single firing port in the center of the right hand side of the vehicle and in the rear of the left hand side of the vehicle. each side of the hull. It also has a base for a slim mast antenna on the right hand side of the rear of the vehicle.^[1]Photos
    • ZT 90 - ARV based on the OT-90.^[1]
    • ZV-90 - Charging station for batteries from tanks and trucks. It has an APU mounted on hull's roof.^[1]

[edit] Former East Germany

• BMP-1 SP-1 - NVA Designator for the Soviet BMP-1 (Ob.765Sp1).
• BMP-1 SP-2 - NVA designator for the Soviet BMP-1 (Ob.765Sp2).
• BMP-1P/c - NVA designator for 151 BMP-1P IFVs built in Czechoslovakia.
• BMP-1P/d - NVA designator for locally upgraded BMP-1 IFVs. Externally identical to the BMP-1P/c but without the mounts for the track-width KMT-10 mine plow.
• BMP-MTP - NVA designator for the Czechoslovak VPV armoured recovery vehicle.

[edit] Germany

• BMP-1A1 Ost - After reunification, the West German Bundeswehr modified 578 vehicles (mainly P models) to bring them to Western safety standards. The fuel tanks in the rear doors were filled with foam and the vehicles were fitted with new driving lights, rear view mirrors, and MB smoke grenade launchers. The ATGM launcher was removed. It is also sometimes incorrectly called BMP-1A2.^[1]

[edit] Greece

• BMP-1A1 Ost exported to Greece. The vehicle has some external differences from the German BMP-1A1 Ost. 350 were bought by Greece. They are sometimes called BMP-1A1GR. In 2006, Greece transferred 32 vehicles to the New Iraqi army.^[1]
  • BMP-1A1 Ost exported to Greece equipped with a M2 Browning .50 caliber anti-aircraft heavy machine gun and a modified turret hatch. They are sometimes called BMP-1A1GR1.^[1]

[edit] India

• BMP-1 with mount for Bren anti-aircraft general purpuse machine gun on the rear of the turret.^[1]

[edit] Iran

• Boragh - Reverse engineered BMP-1 or Type 86 (WZ-501) converted into an APC. It is very similar to the Chinese WZ-503 APC. It has a V-8 turbocharged diesel engine which delivers 330 hp (246 kW). It also has road wheels from the US M113 APC. Combat weight was reduced to 13 tonnes. The other upgrades include a higher road speed and stronger armor. Number of passengers was increased from 8 to 12. 12.7 mm DShK 1938/46 heavy machine gun (1,000 rounds) serves as a main weapon of the vehicle.^[1]

[edit] Iraq

• Saddam - Iraqi BMP-1 upgrade that was shown at the Baghdad exhibition. It probably never went into production as the additional armour (sideskirts and additional armour on upper hull sides) overloaded the chassis and a suitable replacement engine to handle this extra weight wasn't available.^[1]
• Saddam II - Iraqi BMP-1 upgrade with rubber sideskirts, additional armour on the upper hull sides and an ATU box fitted to the left side of the rear of the hull. These vehicles were mainly used by the Iraqi Republican Guard.^[1]

[edit] Israel

• BMP-1 fitted with the CARDOM 120/81 mm mortar system. The turret has been removed while the mortar and the recoil system protrude from the open compartment. It was made by Soltam.^[1]

[edit] People's Republic of China

Type 86 (WZ-501)

• Type 86 (WZ-501) - Chinese variant of BMP-1 fitted with the Type 6V150 engine, the A-220A radio set and the A-221A intercom. It has a slight reduction in weight (to 13.3 tonnes) and maximum road speed. It features a similar low pressure 73 mm gun and the 9M14 Malyutka (AT-3 Sagger) ATGM, along with six road wheels per side. The Type 86 IFV is fully amphibious and is fitted with an NBC system and infra-red night vision equipment for commander, driver, and gunner. Some PLA vehicles have been fitted with a new 30mm gun turret.
  • WZ-501 converted into an NBC reconnaissance vehicle.^[1]
  • WZ-501 converted into an armored ambulance with raised troop compartment. ^[11][1]
  • YW-501 - Export version of Type 86 (WZ-501)
  • NFV-1 - Export version with imported large vertical slab-sided turret with a chamfered front.^[1]
  • Type 86Gai - Modified model with amphibious kit and smoke grenade launchers.
  • Type 86A - Type 86 (WZ-501) with improved engine and exhaust deflector.^[1]
  • Type 86B - Version for naval infantry with slightly higher hull and amphibious kit.
  • WZ-501A - Type 86 (WZ-501) fitted with a 25mm autocannon and ATGM launcher turret.^[1]
  • WZ-502 - Type 86 (WZ-501) equipped with a mortar.^[1]
  • WZ-503 - Type 86 (WZ-501) converted into an APC. It lacks the turret and has a taller troop compartment. This increased the number of passengers from 8 to 13. The 12.7 mm heavy machine gun operated by a commander/gunner is mounted on the roof as the main weapon of the vehicle. ^[11][1]
    • WZ-506 - Armored Command Post for the division or regiment commanders of the armoured formations. The personnel compartment can accommodate six staff members, four radios and an auxiliary electricity generator. It can be recognized by four radio antennas it has.^[11][1]
  • WZ-504 (HJ-73, Type 504) - The troop compartment was replaced by a weapon compartment which incorporates an elevatable weapon station with four HJ-73 "Red Arrow 73" cable-guided ATGM rail launchers mounted under the roof of the weapon station. The launcher can be retracted into the compartment for travelling.^[11][1]
  • WZ-505 - Type 86 (WZ-501) converted into MICV with a one-man overhead mount turret armed with a 25mm automatic cannon and a coaxial Type 59 7.62mm machine gun.^[1]

[edit] Poland

BWP-1 and BRDM-2

BWP-1 of 4^th SBKPanc from Orzysz.

BWP-1 on a parade in Warsaw alongside a Honker on Polish Army Day, 15.08.2007.

BWP-1 on a parade in Warsaw on Polish Army Day, 15.08.2007.

BWP-1M "Puma", notice the floats.

Column of five BWP-1 IFVs on the move.

BWP-1M "Puma", notice the six 81 mm shrapnel grenade launchers, new day/night sight for the gunner and the rear view mirror.

BWP-1

BWP-1

BWP-40 prototype on MSPO 93 in Kielce.

BWP-40 prototype on MSPO 93 in Kielce.

BWP-40 prototype on MSPO 93 in Kielce.

BWP-40 prototype along the SWO-40 (without the turret) and MTLB-23 prototypes on MSPO 93 in Kielce.

• BWP-1 (BWP-1 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 1 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Polish designation for Soviet BMP-1 (Ob'yekt 765Sp2).
  • BWP-1 fitted with 7.62 mm PK general purpose machine gun on top of the mantlet of the 73 mm 2A28 Grom low pressure smoothbore short-recoil semi-automatic gun. It is used by Polish unit of KFOR.^[1]
  • BWP-1 fitted with 7.62 mm PK general purpose machine gun on top of the turret. It is used by Polish unit of KFOR.^[1]
  • BWP-1 fitted with 7.62 mm PK general purpose machine gun on the front of the hull. It is used by Polish unit of KFOR.^[1]
  • BWP-1 experimentally fitted the Dragar turret with chamfered sides, front and rear.^[1]
  • BWP-1M "Puma 1" (BWP-1M stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 1 Modernizacja - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1 Modernization") - Polish modernization of BWP-1. It has anti-slip covering in order to protect the crew from slipping while walking on the armour, an independent system for heating the crew compartment, engine compartment and fuel compartment, fire and explosion protection systems, knives for crew members to fight infantry trying to disable the vehicle while it is driving with its top hatches opened, way clearing system, night vision device for the driver, electrical system adjusted to connect to a firing simulator, new improved integrated NBC protection system, protection system proving the crew and transported troops with protection against light pulse of a close-range nuclear explosion, new day/night sight, diagnostics socket enabling quick diagnostics of the engine status, a covering over the protruding sharp edges of periscopes, doors and hatches, which increases the driving comfort of the crew and transported troops, elastomer bumpers and shock absorbers which increase the service life of the suspension, six 81 mm shrapnel grenade launchers on the sides of the turret (three on each side), facing forwards, on-board terminal, integrated intercom enabling phonic communication between the crew-members, signalling alarms, phonic external communication of the crew via an on-board radio station, on-board systems control, phonic external wire-communication, full data transmission in radio networks, wire networks and between on-board systems and satellite navigation, an integrated ultra-short waves on-board radio station with frequency hopping, external lights enabling driving on public roads, flotation sides-skirts which increase displacement of the vehicle while moving in the water and its resistance to splinters as well as bullets and missiles of a small caliber, a laser radiation warning system, a power unit module enabling its quick replacement in field conditions (around 60 minutes) using regular resources available to repair sub-units, modernised vision device for the commander, rubber track add-ons enabling driving on public roads without destroying road surface, LITEF navigation system and two rear view mirrors. Later Puma vehicles featured slightly improved UTD-20 which could be removed in field conditions in 45 minutes. In 2005 Puma vehicles received new Iveco engine.^[12]
    • BWP-1M "Puma 1" experimentally fitted with the Delco turret armed with a 25 mm autocannon.^[1]
    • BWP-1M "Puma 1" experimentally fitted with the Israeli-developed OWS-25 one-man Rafael Overhead Weapon Station armed with a 25 mm autocannon, ATGM launcher for two ATGMs, 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and equipped with six smoke grenade launchers.^[1]
    • BWP-1M "Puma 1" fitted with the Italian TC-25 Hitfist turret.^[1]
    • BWP-1M "Puma 1" experimentally fitted with the United Defence turret with a chamfered front.^[1]
    • BWP-1 "Puma E-8" (BWP-1 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 1 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Polish modernization of BWP-1 with all the improvements from the BWP-1M except it has thirteen 81 mm shrapnel grenade launchers instead of six (three on the left hand side of the turret, three on the left hand side of the hull, three on the right hand side of the hull and four on the right hand side of the turret) and the new slab-sided one-man E-8 turret armed with 30 autocanon. It has a large ammunition drum with outboard machine gun mount on right hand side of the main armament. It also has wire cutters installed on the top of each side of the hull.^[12][1]
    • BWP-1 "Puma RCWS-30" (BWP-1 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 1 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Polish modernization of BWP-1 with all the improvements from the BWP-1M except the 81 mm shrapnel grenade launchers. It is fitted with the Israeli Samson RCWS-30 unmanned weapons station. RCWS stands for Remote - Controlled Weapon Station. It is armed with 30 mm autocanon and 7.62 mm RAFAEL machine gun. 30 mm autocanon can be elevated or depressed between -20° and +60°. The weapons station can turn with a speed of 1 rad/s. It also has day/night sights and electric stabilization system. The vehicle is equipped with SSP-1 OBRA passive protection system against laser irradiation. The turret slightly increases the overall height of the vehicle to 2.45 m.^[12]
    • BWP-1 "Puma MW-30" (BWP-1 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 1 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Polish modernization of BWP-1 with all the improvements from the BWP-1M except the 81 mm shrapnel grenade launchers. It is fitted with an unmanned MW-30 turret. Then new turret weights 1.5 tonnes and is armed with 30 mm MK 44 autocanon which fires 30 x 173 mm ammunition and the 7.62 mm UKM-2000C machine gun. The turret is also equipped with six smoke grenade launchers. The turret can operate safely in temperatures from -40°C to +50°C.^[13]
  • BWP-40 (BWP-40 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 40 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 40") - Polish BWP-1/CV9040 hybrid. CV9040 turret mounted on BWP-1 hull. It was designed in the early 1990s. The prototype was finished by 1993. It wasn't mass produced. ^[14]
  • BWP-95 (BWP-95 stands for Bojowy Wóz Piechoty - 95 - "Infantry Fighting Vehicle - 95") - BWP-1 fitted with an overhead mount armed with a 23 mm cannon and a recoilless rifle. It has heavy machine gun mount with slab mantlet fitted to turret front. There are also MB smoke grenade launchers on each side of the turret. To increase vehicle's protection ERA was fitted to the turret front, hull front and sides. The vehicle never got past the prototype phase.^[1]
• BWR-1S (BWR-1S stands for Bojowy Wóz Rozpoznawczy - 1 Svatawa - "Reconnaissance Fighting Vehicle - 1 Svatava") - Polish designation for Czechoslovak BPzV "Svatava".
• BWR-1K (BWR-1 stands for Bojowy Wóz Rozpoznawczy - 1 - "Reconnaissance Fighting Vehicle - 1") - Polish designation for Soviet BRM-1K.
  • BWR-1D (BWR-1D stands for Bojowy Wóz Rozpoznawczy - 1 Dowodzenie - "Reconnaissance Fighting Vehicle - 1 Command") - Alternative Polish designation for Soviet BRM-1K.^[1]
• ZWDSz 2 (ZWDSz stands for Zautomatyzowany Wóz Dowódczo Sztabowy - Automated Staff Command Vehicle) - Modernised MP-31, fitted with new equipment, including the TRC 9500 (VHF) and RF-5200 (HF) radio sets, TDR-20K computer, AP-82, AP-92 and CAT-U telephone sets and RK-128/2 generator. The telescopic mast was removed.

[edit] Romania

• MLI-84 - Romanian modified version of BMP-1.

[edit] Russian Federation (former USSR)

• BMP (Ob'yekt 764) - Original main prototype of BMP-1 developed by the design bureau of Chelyabinsk Tractor Works (ChTZ) and built in 1965. In comparison with serial Ob'yekt 765Sp1, Ob'yekt 764 was 4 mm higher, had maximal swimming speed of 9 km/h to 10 km/h, lower maximal traveling range (550 km on road) and lower amount of firing ports for troopers's armament (six). To start the serial production of the new vehicle the design of fighting and troop compartments were improved. Unlike the serial BMP-1, the Ob'yekt 764 used a waterjet for swimming which was removed to safe space inside of the vehicle. The Ob'yekt 764 also had a larger main fuel tank while the serial BMP-1 had the main fuel tank reduced in size and partially placed under the troop compartment. NATO gave it a designation BMP-76PB.^[15]
  • Ob'yekt 765 fitted with active location system of eight troopers that are transported inside it. It was developed in the late 1960s. It had its turret moved to the rear part of the hull. There were three additional 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine guns mounted in ball mounts in the middle part of the hull which were operated by the troopers. The project never left the design phase.^[16]
  • BMP-1 (Ob'yekt 765Sp1) (Sp stands for spetsifikatsiya - specification) - Early type with shorter nose section and larger angled plate at the top of the hull line. The firing ports on the side were intruded up into the armour plate giving the weapons used in the ports a higher degree of elevation. It weighs 12.6 tonnes. It was built from 1966 to 1969. It is incorrectly known as BMP-A in some Western sources.^[2][1]
    • BMP-1 (Ob'yekt 765Sp2) - Standard production version. It weighs 13 tonnes. It was built from 1969 to 1973. Vehicles produced from mid-1970s had higher hull with more space inside as well as a different shape of the nose section which improved the swimming ability.
      • BMP-1 (Ob'yekt 765Sp3) - Slightly improved and 200 kg heavier version of Ob'yekt 765Sp2. Unlike its predecessors it had OG-15V HE-Frag rounds in its ammunition load. It was fitted with the new 1PN22M2 sight (with additional tangent scale OG to be used with HE-Frags OG-15V rounds) instead of the 1PN22M1 sight as well as with traffic signalization system (six marker lights and one stop light). Also the M3 autoloader was removed. It was build from 1973 to 1979. NATO gave it a designation BMP M1976.^[17]
        • BMP-1 (Ob'yekt 765Sp8) - Variant additionally armed with 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher for which it carries 290 grenades. A large number of BMP-1 (Ob'yekts 765Sp1-765Sp3) IFVs were upgraded to this model during preventive and major repairs. Such IFVs carried up to seven troopers instead of eight. In Western sources they are sometimes called "BMP-1G" but this is not an official Soviet designator. NATO gave it the designation BMP M1979/1^[16]
        • BMP-1 fitted with six 81 mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launchers on the rear of the turret. In Western sources they are often called BMP-1M but this is not an official Soviet designator.^[1]
        • BMP-1 modernized by Belarussian 140^th Repair Works from Barysaw during major repairs between 1970s and 2000s. The modernization package includes the pintle-mounted 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel), 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel B), 9M111 "Fagot" (AT-4 Spigot) and 9M111-2 "Fagot" (AT-4B Spigot B) ATGMs as well as a new electronic pulsed infrared jam-resistant weapon direction system.

Finish BMP-1K at Parola tank museum, Finland, 1 June 2008.

• • • • • BMP-1K (Ob'yekt 773) (K stands for komandirskaya - command) - Command variant of BMP-1 for motorized rifle regiments, developed in 1972. One of the most common BMP-1 conversions. The serial production started in 1973. Standard armament was preserved. The troop compartment has been redesigned to accommodate field tables and map boards. There is a seating space for three officers inside. It has an additional antenna, R-123M and R-111 radio sets, GPK-69 navigational system. All firing ports except for the one in the left rear door and trooper's periscopes were blocked (all machine gun firing ports were welded shut). Some are equipped with GLONASS navigation system. NATO gave it the designation BMP M1974. It has three sub variants:^[2][1][17]
          • BMP-1K1 - Platoon command variant of BMP-1 with two R-123M radio sets.
          • BMP-1K2 - Company command variant of BMP-1 with two R-123M radio sets.^[1]
          • BMP-1K3 - Battalion command variant of BMP-1 with one R-123M radio set and an R-130M radio set.
          • BMP-1KM - Improved command variant of BMP-1.^[1]
        • Ob'yekt 768 - Experimental IFV utilizing parts of BMP-1 IFV developed and built in 1972. New two-man turret armed with 73 mm "Zarnitsa" semi-automatic smoothbore gun and 12.7 mm coaxial heavy machine gun, was installed. The original design included a small rotating turret on top of the commander's hatch armed with 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun but it was not included in the prototype. It is also armed with a pintle-mounted ATGM launcher capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel) and 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel) ATGMs. It carried 40 rounds for the main gun, 500 rounds for the coaxial machine gun and 4 ATGMs. Ob'yekt 768 had significantly modified nose section and strengthened suspension with an additional road wheel. Track unit was equipped with hydrodynamic grills to increase swimming traction performance but it was decided to remove them because of damages from stones. It weighted 13.6 tonnes and had a crew of 3 men (+ 7 troopers). The prototype is preserved at Kubinka Tank Museum.^[16]
          • Ob'yekt 769 - Experimental IFV based on Ob'yekt 768 chassis and built in 1972. It was fitted with a new turret armed with 30 mm 2A42 autocannon and 7.62 mm PKT coaxial general purpose machine gun. A second 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun was installed in a small rotatable turret on top of the hull. It is also armed with a pintle-mounted ATGM launcher capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel) and 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel) ATGMs. It carried 500 rounds for the main gun, 2000 rounds for the machine guns and 4 ATGM. Track unit with hydrodynamic grills was used for swimming. It uses a diesel engine developing 321 hp (239 kW). It weighted 13.8 tonnes and had a crew of 3 men (+ 7 troopers). The turret developed for the Ob'yekt 769 later was slightly improved and installed on serial BMP-2. The prototype is preserved at Kubinka Tank Museum.^[16]
        • Ob'yekt 680 - Experimental IFV utilizing parts of BMP-1 IFV and developed and built in 1972. It weighted 13 tonnes and had a crew of 3 men (+ 7 troopers). It was armed with 30 mm 2A38 autocannon and 7.62 mm PKT coaxial general purpose machine gun fitted into a completely new turret. A second 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun was installed on top of commander's hatch. It carried 500 rounds for the main gun and 4000 rounds for the 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine guns. The prototype is preserved at Kubinka Tank Museum.^[16]
        • Ob'yekt 675 - Experimental IFV with enhanced combat characteristics and utilizing parts of BMP-1. It was tested in 1974. Two-man turret armed with 30 mm 2A42 autocannon with two plane stabilization system and 7.62 mm PKT coaxial general purpose machine gun was installed. The second 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun was fitted on top of commander's hatch. It carried 500 rounds for the main gun and 2000 rounds for the 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine guns. It is also armed with a pintle-mounted 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel) and 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel B) as well as 9M111 "Fagot" (AT-4 Spigot) ATGM and 9M111-2 "Fagot" (AT-4B Spigot B) ATGM. The vehicle can carry either 4 "Konkurs" ATGMs or 6 "Fagot" ATGMs. ATGM guidance equipment is located on the top of the turret and is separated from the ATGM launcher. It weighted 13.6 tonnes and had a crew of 3 men (+ 7 troopers).^[16]
          • BMP-2 - Improved Ob'yekt 675.
        • Ob'yekt 681 - Experimental IFV utilizing parts of BMP-1 IFV. Developed and built in 1977. It weighted 13.6 tonnes and had a crew of 3 men (+ 7 troopers). It was armed with 73 mm "Zarnitsa" semi-automatic smoothbore gun with two plane stabilization system, 12.7 mm NVST coaxial heavy machine gun, 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun and 9P135M ATGM launcher. It carried 40 rounds for the main gun, 500 rounds for the coaxial machine gun and 2400 rounds for the 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun.^[16]
        • BMP-1S - Experimental prototype equipped with the AV-1 device on the commander's station for target laser designation and for damaging enemy optic devices. Developed and tested in 1970s. Ammunition for ATGM launcher was decreased (from four to two 9M14M ATGMs) as well as the amount of carried troopers (seven instead of eight).

Early BMP-1P graphic

• • • • • BMP-1P (Ob'yekt 765Sp4) - The first serious modernization of BMP-1 IFV, developed in the middle of 1970s after an analysis of BMP-1 combat use during the 1973 Yom Kippur War and during the Angolan Civil War three years later. Firepower was enhanced by adding the pintle-mounted 9P135M launcher with semi-automatic control capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel) and 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel B) ATGMs instead of the 9S428 ATGM launcher capable of firing MCLOS guided 9M14 "Malyutka" (AT-3 Sagger), 9M14M "Malyutka-M" (AT-3B Sagger B) and 9M14P "Malyutka-P" (AT-3C Sagger C) ATGM which increased armor penetration ability and extended weapon range. Many BMP-1P IFV were equipped with an improved pintle-mounted 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher which was also capable of firing 9M111 "Fagot" (AT-4 Spigot) or 9M111-2 "Fagot" (AT-4B Spigot B) ATGMs. The new ATGM launchers were somewhat difficult to operate since the gunner had to actually stand out in the open hatch on top of the turret to use the weapons, exposing himself to hostile fire and in NBC conditions destroying whatever value the BMP-1P's NBC protection suite had. The Malyutka loading hatch was usually welded shut and the mount was removed. A special NBC protection covering was placed on the inside and the outside of the turret, the hull, the engine compartment upper access hatch, commander's and driver's hatches as well as under the driver's station. New fire-extinguishing system for protection against napalm was installed after analysis of AFV usage during the Vietnam War. There is an additional machine gun firing port on the left side of the hull and in the front of the turret which increased the amount of firing ports from seven to nine. For protection against attacks from the air two 9M32M "Strela-2M" (SA-7b "Grail" Mod 1) or 9M313 Igla-1 (SA-16 Gimlet) missiles of corresponding man-portable air-defense systems were added instead of previous 9M32 "Strela-2", but sometimes they were replaced by RPG-7 portable, shoulder-launched, anti-tank rocket propelled grenade launcher. BMP-1P weights 13.4 tonnes. It was build from 1979 to 1983. NATO gave it the designation BMP M1981 ^{[1][2][17][16]}
          • BMP-1P (Ob'yekt 765Sp5) - Late production model fitted with six 81 mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launchers on the rear of the turret and additional kovriki turret armour (some vehicles may lack either the grenade launcher or the additional turret armour). Some vehicles were equipped with track-width KMT-10 mine plow. In Western sources, BMP-1P IFVs that are fitted with smoke grenade launchers are often called BMP-1PM but this isn't an official Soviet designator. Sometimes the BMP-1P fitted with KMT-10 mine plow are called BMP-1PM1 and the BMP-1P fitted with additional kovriki turret armour are called BMP-1PM2 but those aren't official Soviet designators.^[1][2]
          • BMP-1PG (G stands for granatomyot - grenade launcher) - BMP-1P additionally armed with 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher on the left hand side of the top of the turret for which it carries 290 grenades. The BMP-1PG was inspired by self-made field modifications of BMP-1 IFVs. Some crews of BMP-1 IFVs which participated in the Soviet War in Afghanistan welded the 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher to the top of the turret in order to compensate for the quite low fragmentation effect of the OG15V HE-Frag round used by the 73 mm smoothbore gun. It weights 13.6 tonnes and can carry up to seven troopers instead of eight. New 9K34 "Strela-3" man-portable air-defense systems was carried inside the troop compartment. A short production run took place in the end of 1970s. The vehicle entered service with the Soviet Army but almost all vehicles were exported. NATO gave it the designation BMP M1979/2.^[1]
            • BMP-1PG (G stands for granatomyot - grenade launcher) modernization developed by Kurgan Engineering Works. There are two variants. The first one has tracks and drive sprockets from BMP-2. The second one is the same as the first variant but it also has minor chassis improvements and flotation sides-skirts/mudguards from BMP-2 (many BMP-1P reequipped into the second variant of BMP-1PG modernization were also fitted with the whole fighting compartment from BMP-2 IFV). BMP-1PG is considered in Russian Army as the IFV of BMP-2 efficiency level. Some BMP-1P IFVs were reequipped into BMP-1PG by tank repair plants during scheduled major repairs, some - by the main manufacturer "Kurganmashzavod".^[2][18]
          • BMP-1PO - BMP-1 converted into an ammunition resupply vehicle. It has ammunition racks inside the rear doors and the antennae mount moved forward. This isn't an official Soviet designator.^[1]
          • BMP-1PK - Command variant of BMP-1P for motorized rifle regiments, equipped with R-126, R-107 and two R-123M radio sets. Replaced the BMP-1K in serial production. Firing ports and trooper's periscopes on the right side of the vehicle are blocked. Some are equipped with GLONASS navigation system. Vehicles that are based on Ob'yekt 765Sp5 are sometimes called in Western sources "BMP-1PKM" or "BMP-1PMK" but those aren't official Soviet designators. It has three sub-versions:^[2][1]
            • BMP-1PK1 - Platoon command variant of BMP-1P.
            • BMP-1PK2 - Company command variant of BMP-1P.
            • BMP-1PK3 - Battalion command variant of BMP-1P with telescopic mast mounted on the right side of the rear of the vehicle.^[2]
        • BMP-1D (D stands for "desantnaya" - assault) - Modernized BMP-1 made in 1982 for Soviet assault units in Afghanistan, so called "Afghan" variant. It had 5 mm thick appliqué steel armour plates on the hull sides as well as under commander's and driver's seats for protection against mines. It also had large steel armour sideskirts fitted to the sides of the hull covering the suspension. Firing ports were added into the top hatches of the troop compartment and a stowage box was placed on the roof of the rear of the hull (some vehicles didn't have it). The use of appliqué armour jeopardized the amphibious ability. 9S428 ATGM launcher was often removed and replaced by 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher in field conditions. This variant was also later exported to Iraq.^[19][1]

BMP-1KSh "Potok-2" (Ob'yekt 774)

• • • • • BMP-1KSh (Ob'yekt 774, 9S743) (KSh stands for komandno-shtabnaya - command and staff) - Command and staff variant of BMP-1 for motorized rifle and tank regiments with TNA-3 gyroscopic navigation device, two R-111, one R-123MT and one R-130M additional radio sets as well as telegraph and telephone equipment. The armament has been replaced by the AMU "Hawkeye" 10 m long telescopic mast and the turret was fixed. It also has a tubular case for the AMU "Hawkeye" antenna parts on the right side of the rear of the vehicle, an AB-1P/30 1 kW box-shaped portable petrol-electric generator set at the center of the rear part of the hull's roof instead of two roof hatches (two roof hatches immediately behind the turret remain) and four elevatable whip antennas on the rear (two on the left and two on the right). The vehicle weights 13 tonnes and has a crew of 3+4 men. It is armed with one 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun. It entered service with the Soviet Army in 1972 but series production started in 1976. It saw service in Afghanistan and Chechnya. There were three variants of BMP-1KSh with different additional equipment (including R-137 or R-140 or R-45 radio sets), one of them was the BMP-1KSh "Potok-2". NATO gave it the designation BMP M1978.^[2][17][20]
          • BMP-1KShM - Modernization of BMP-1KSh. New improved navigational and radio equipment was installed. Visual differences between the BMP-1KSh and the BMP-1KShM are insignificant. It was widely used during counterterrorism operations in Chechnya.^[16]
            • MP-31 (BMP-76) - Modification of BMP-1KShM fitted with a more powerful 5 kW electric generator, additional antenna in a rear part of the hull as well as a gearbox installed on the left hand side, near the generator. It is used for artillery fire control. It is part of the PASUV "Manyevr" automated field air defense command set.^[1]
        • BMP-1 "Razbezhka" - Modernization of BMP-1 IFV with a turret from BMD-2 armed with 30 mm automatic cannon 2A42. It was developed by Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant in the end of 1990s. It never left the design phase.^[1]
        • BMP-1-30 - Modernization of BMP-1 IFV, prototype was built and tested in 1997. Standard BMP-1 chassis with a new turret for the 30 mm V-30 gun and UTD-230 diesel engine developing 360 hp (268 kW) (maximal road speed was increased to 70 km/h). It carries 300 rounds for the main gun. BMP-1-30 weights 13.8 tonnes and has a crew of 3 men (+ 8 troopers).^[1][16]
        • BMP-1 experimentally fitted with the Israeli-developed OWS-25 one-man Rafael Overhead Weapon Station armed with a 25 mm autocannon, ATGM launcher for two ATGMs, 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and equipped with six smoke grenade launchers.^[1]

BMP-1M fitted with TKB-799 Kliver one-man weapons station.

• • • • • BMP-1M - Modernization of BMP-1 IFV developed in the end of 1990s by Tula Instrument Engineering Design Bureau (KBP) in order to increase vehicle's combat efficiency 5-7 times. It is fitted with TKB-799 "Kliver" one-man weapons station armed with a missile pod, a 30 mm 2A72 multipurpose autocannon (it can be used against both ground targets and air targets) and a 7.62 mm PKTM coaxial general purpose machine gun. The missile pod is mounted on the right side of the weapons station and normally holds four 9M133 Kornet (AT-14 Spriggan) or 9M133F "Kornet" ATGMs with laser jam-resistant fire control system but these can be removed and replaced by a pod of 9K38 Igla (SA-18 Grouse) surface-to-air missiles. It carries 300 rounds for the main gun, 2000 rounds for PKTM machine gun and 4 ATGMs. It also has a modern computerized fire control system with two-plane stabilizer, 1K13-2 telescopic sight with distance measurement/thermal/laser channels and ballistic calculator with external sensors. Computer simulation proved that BMP-1M outperforms the American M2/M3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle at firepower efficiency (the tested aspects included the ATGM power, the effective range of ATGM and autocannon during day and night conditions and launching the ATGM while on the move). Also in those simulations the BMP-1M won a combat engagement with M2 Bradley IFV 1.3 times more often. The vehicle weights about 13 tonnes. First BMP-1M was tested at Research Institute of AFVs in Kubinka in 1998. Two BMP-1M were shown publicly for the first time at International Exhibition IDEX'99 in Abu Dhabi. The Russian army plans to upgrade all of their remaining BMP-1 and BMP-1P IFVs to BMP-1M level.^[1][16]
        • BMP-1 fitted with "Bakhcha-U" weapons station developed by Tula Instrument Engineering Design Bureau (KBP). It was designed in 2000s and as such it is a most recent Russian BMP-1 modernization. The "Bakhcha-U" weapons station is armed with 100 mm 2A70 gun/missile launcher (the same as the one fitted on BMP-3 IFV), 30 mm 2A72 autocannon and 7.62 mm PKTM coaxial general purpose machine gun.
        • BRM-1 (Ob'yekt 676) (BRM stands for boevaya razvedyvatel’naya mashina - combat reconnaissance vehicle) - BMP-1 converted into a combat reconnaissance vehicle. In the end of 1960s the Soviet Army started looking for a reconnaissance vehicle suited a modern battlefield and fitted with extensive electronic reconnaissance equipment. The vehicles which were used for reconnaissance in Soviet Army, PT-76 amphibious light tank and BRDM-2 amphibious armoured scout car, were equipped only with standard obscure vision devices. The BMP-1 was chosen as the platform for the new reconnaissance vehicle because it had amphibious ability, good maneuverability, powerful armament, spacious hull and NBC protection system as well as because of logistic reasons. It entered service in 1973. It is fitted with an extra-wide, low-profile, two-man turret moved to the rear part of the hull and without the M3 autoloader and the 9S428 ATGM launcher. Also, there are two small roof hatches, instead of the four rectangular ones in the rear part of the hull. It is equipted with PSNR-5K (1RL-133-1) "Tall Mike" ground surveillance radar which can be extended from a hatch in the roof of the turret (BRM-1 of the first series didn't have ground surveillance radar), 1D8 laser rangefinder, TNA-1 or TNA-3 gyroscopic navigation device with coordinates recorder and additional R-123M, R-130M, R-148 and R-014D radio sets. Radio range is up to 50 km with the use of standard 4 m long whip antenna and up to 300 km with the use of the radio mast transported on the rear part of the hull. PSNR-5K (1RL-133-1) "Tall Mike" ground surveillance radar operated by BRM commander has two modes - terrain survey and target tracking. It detects vehicles at ranges up to 7000 meters and personnel at ranges up to 2000 meters and can be retracted into the turret when not in use. The doppler radar for range calculations is installed from 1993 onwards. One vehicle was assigned to each recce company of motorized rifle, tank and artillery unit. Crew has increased from 3 to 6 (commander and gunner who occupy the turret, driver and navigator who occupy the nose section of the hull and two observers who occupy the rear part of the hull).^[2][1][21]
          • BRM-1 with its antennae relocated to the rear of the turret.^[1]

The BRM-1K has an extra-wide turret, mast antenna, and only a single firing port on each side. The turret has a large night sight, and ground surveillance radar which can be extended from a hatch in the turret roof. This example is at the Canadian War Museum, parked alongside an American-made M577 (3/4 view, front view)

• • • • • • BRM-1K (BRM stands for boevaya razvedyvatel’naya mashina - combat reconnaissance vehicle) - Improved command variant of BRM-1 developed simultaneously with it. It has all the equipment and fittings of BRM-1 plus new ones. It is fitted with a mast antenna and late production models have six 81 mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launchers (three on each side). It is equipped with 50 mm flares which are used for illumination of the battlefield. The amount of firing posts was reduced from eight to three (one on each side of the vehicle and one in the rear). It is equipped with a DKRM-1 laser rangefinder, ERRS-1 radio direction finder, PPChR radiological-chemical detection device, WPChR military chemical detection device, IMP-1 mine detector, AB-1-P 1 kW box-shaped portable petrol-electric generator. Day/night observation devices consist of thirteen TNPO-170A, one TNPK-240A, two TNPT-1, two TVNE-1PA and one pair of 1PN33B night binoculars. Navigation equipment includes TNA-3 gyroscopic apparatus, 1G11N gyro-compass and 1T25 survey device. BRM-1K entered service with the Soviet Army in 1972 and serial production started in 1973. The ammoload was reduced to 20 rounds for the 73 mm 2A28 Grom low pressure smoothbore gun. The vehicle weights 13.2 tonnes.^[1][22]
        • PPO-1 (PPO stands for podvizhnoy punkt obucheniya - mobile training post) - BMP-1 converted into group training vehicle for drivers. The turret was removed and replaced by eight roof-mounted training stations for the students under instruction (each training station has its own periscope and control panel). It was developed by design bureau of Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. It is fitted with two TNPO-170 periscopes and a MK-4 sight, all of which are mounted in the forward part of the cupola. It also has an A-2 unit of the R-124 intercom set. It is also known under designation BMP-PPO.^[1]
        • PRP-3 "Val" (Ob'yekt 767, 1ZhZ) (PRP stands for podvizhnoy razvedyvatel’niy punkt - mobile reconnaissance post) - BMP-1 converted into an artillery reconnaissance vehicle. It entered service with the Soviet Army in 1970 (serial production started in 1972 at Kurgan Engineering Works and in 1979 at Rubtsovsk Engineering Works). The vehicle is fitted with extensive radio equipment (two R-123M or R-108 radio sets) and optical devices which enable it to function in the artillery/guided missile target indication, fire adjustment and/or artillery/mortar locating role. It is armed with one 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun in a small ball mantlet in front of the new, bigger, two-man turret which is positioned further back than in a normal BMP-1. The turret has two single-piece hatches which open forward. Both hatches have periscopes for observation plus a large optical device in front of each hatch. There's a shuttered outcropping which houses an optical device on the right hand side of the turret. It has a rectangular folding antenna for the 1RL126 (SMALL FRED) counterbattery/surveillance radar mounted in a circular hatch cover on the left of the rear of the turret which operates in the J-band and has a detection range of 20 km and tracking range of 7 km. It also had 1V44/1G13M/1G25-1 navigational systems, 1D6/D6M1 laser rangefinder, 10P79 vision device, 1PN29 night vision device and 90 mm 2P130-1 missile launcher with 20 9M41 illumination missiles. The crew has increased from 3 to 5 men. One PRP is assigned to an artillery/guided missile battalion (towed or self-propelled). It is also known as BMP-SON. NATO gave it the designation BMP M1975.^[2][1][17]
          • PRP-4 "Nard" (Ob'yekt 779, 1V121) (PRP stands for podvizhnoy razvedyvatel’niy punkt - mobile reconnaissance post) - Replacement for the PRP-3 "Val". It entered service with the Soviet Army in 1980s. It is basically an improved PRP-3 with one 1A30M and two R-173 radio sets, 1G25-1/1G13/KP-4 navigational systems, 1D11M-1 active pulsed laser range finder, 1PN59 thermal vision device, 1PN61 active pulsed night vision system and 1RL-133-1 (TALL MIKE) retractable battlefield surveillance radar which replaces the 1RL-126 (SMALL FRED) counterbattery/surveillance radar. The 1RL-133-1 (TALL MIKE) retractable battlefield surveillance radar detects vehicles at ranges up to 7000 meters and personnel at ranges up to 2000 meters and can be retracted into the turret when not in use. It has shuttered outcroppings which house optical devices on the either side of the turret. PRP-4 was also equipped with a new electronic information-processing equipment and self-contained power supply while vehicle is stationary. 90 mm 2P130-1 missile launcher was removed. It was produced by Rubtsovsk Engineering Works.^[2][1]

PRP-4M "Deyteriy"

• • • • • • • PRP-4M "Deyteriy" (Ob'yekt 779M, 1V145) (PRP stands for podvizhnoy razvedyvatel’niy punkt - mobile reconnaissance post) - Modernized version of PRP-4 "Nard" developed in 1988. It is equipped with 1PN71 thermal infrared vision device (which gives the crew a vision range up to 3,000 m), 1D14 periscopic laser rangefinder, 1D13 portable laser reconnaissance device and a turret antennae mount located on center of turret roof behind radar hatch. It is the latest member of PRP family of vehicles to be mass produced.^[1]
              • PRP-4M "Deyteriy" fitted with a fake gun mantlet and offset gun barrel so it resembles the BMP-2.^[1]
              • PRP-4MU (Ob'yekt 508) (PRP stands for podvizhnoy razvedyvatel’niy punkt - mobile reconnaissance post) - Latest serial upgrade with new equipment including 1RL-133-3 retractable battlefield surveillance radar (detection range up to 12,000 m), 1D14 periscopic laser rangefinder (detection range up to 10,000 m), T-235-1 U data transmitting equipment. Its left hand side optical housing flap is hinged at top. The Rubtsovsk Engineering Works started to reequip all vehicles of the PRP family to the level of PRP-4MU from 1980s. PRP-4MU is used at regimental level. The vehicle preserves the good cross-country capabilities of the BMP-1 and it also can detect enemy mobile and stationary targets during day and night and under every meteorological condition. ^[1]
        • BREM-2 (BREM stands for bronirovannaya remonto-evakuatsionnaya mashina - armoured maintenance-recovery vehicle) - BMP-1 converted into an armoured recovery vehicle for mechanized units. The turret was removed and replaced by an armoured plate. The vehicle is fitted with a load platform with a capacity of 1.5 tonnes, a crane with a capacity of 1.5 tonnes (7 tonnes with additional outfit) which is placed on top of the hull and a pull winch with a capacity of 6.5 tonnes (19.5 tonnes with block pulley) which is placed inside. It also carries additional repair and recovery equipment on top and sides of the hull. This equipment includes a tow bar, 200 meters of rope, heavy ordinance tools, electric welding equipment and excavating tools. There is a dozer blade in the front of the hull which is used to brace the BREM-2 while it is using its crane. The vehicle was developed in 1982. The primary role of BREM-2 was repair and recovery of IFVs from BMP family of vehicles under field conditions. It is is armed with 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun for which it carries 1,000 rounds and has six 81 mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launchers (in addition to the standard TDA thermal smoke generator). It weights 13.6 tonnes and has a crew of 3 men. Late BREM-2 ARVs have flotation sides-skirts/mudguards from BMP-2. Some BMP-1 IFVs were converted into BREM-2 ARVs by tank repair works of the Ministry of Defence from 1986 onwards.^[23][24]
        • BREM-Ch - Soviet designator for the Czechoslovak-made VPV armoured recovery vehicle, the design of which was inspired by BREM-2. The unofficial designator BREM-4 was used in Soviet Army units which received Czechoslovak VPV.
        • IRM "Zhuk" (IRM stands for inzhenernaya razvedyvatel'naya mashina - engineer reconnaissance vehicle, "Zhuk" means Beetle) - All-terrain combat engineer vehicle for land and river reconnaissance, developed in the 1970s. Serial production started in 1980 with the use of components from both BMP-1 and BMP-2 IFVs. As of 1986 50 IRM engineer vehicles were produced. However the suspension had a new hull, one additional road wheel and one additional hydraulic shock-absorber. It has four pressurized compartments, with the engine located in the rear of the hull. There are three hatches on the top of the hull and one emergency hatch in the bottom of the hull. IRM is equipped with retractable two propellers in ring covers for swimming and turning while swimming, and two cases with 16 9M39 solid engines (each has a thrust of 312 kg and weights 6.3 kg) for getting out of mud. Special reconnaissance equipment consists of two R-147 radio sets, PIR-451 periscope, TNPO-160, TNP-370 and TNV-25M periscopic observation devices, AGI-1s horizon idicator, DSP-30 portable periscopic rangefinder, PAB-2M portable aiming circle, TNA-3 gyroscopic navigational device, EIR echo depth finder with automatic recorder and three sonar transducers, RShM-2 river-type wide-span mine detector, RVM-2M and IMP-2 portable mine detectors, PR-1 portable penetrometer used to analyze soil for crossability and ice drill with ice stake. The vehicle has two arms for a metallic mine detector mounted on the front of the hull. They can be retracted when not in use. The mine detector arms are hydraulically articulated to their operating position under the time of three minutes. The mine detector brings the vehicle to full stop upon encountering an obstacle or detecting a metallic object. The PIR-451 periscope is mounted on the right hand side of the front of the vehicle, at the commander's station. It can be extend to 1.5 m and can move vertically up to 750 mm. IRM also has air revitalization system, automatic fire extinguishing system, water-removing pump with a capacity of 1,000 l/min, automatic NBC protection system with very sensitive sensors and engine thermal smoke generator. It weights 17.2 tonnes and has a crew of 6 men. It is 8.22 m long, 3.15 m wide, and 2.40 m high. Ground clearance is 420 mm. It has a maximal road speed of 52 km/h and maximal swimming speed of 12 km/h. It is armed with 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun fitted in a small turret for which it carries 1,000 rounds. The IRM proved to have high efficiency in the complicated conditions.^[16][1]
          • IPR - (IPR stands for inzhenerny podvodny razvedchik - engineer underwater scout). Variant of IRM "Zhuk" for the reconnaissance of water barriers. Equipped with a snorkel, a ballast tank in the nose section, two large and two small ballast tanks, and an air-locked tank for diving equipment which make it possible to perform underwater reconnaissance at an operational depth 8 m and at a maximal depth 15 m. Produced in small numbers by "Muromteplovoz" Locomotive Works.^[25][1]
        • BTZ-3 (BTZ stands for bronirovanny toplivozapravshchik - armoured refueler) - BMP-1 converted into an armoured refueler developed during the First Chechen War. Two experimental prototypes were built. BTZ is equipped with a 3000-l fuel tank and 100-l engine oil tank, fuel-oil pumps, fuel-dispensing unit and fire-extinguishing system. One prototype was used successfully in Chechnya. The preparations were made to start a serial production.
        • RM-G (Ob'yekt 507) (RM-G stands for remontnaya mashina - gusenichnaya - repair vehicle, tracked) - BMP-1 converted into repair vehicle produced by Rubtsovsk Engineering Works from 1995. It is used for technical reconnaissance as well as for routine repairs and recovery of tanks and IFVs in field conditions. RM-G is fitted with a load platform with a capacity of 1 tonne, a superstructure in the rear of the hull and a KU-3 crane with a capacity of 3 tonnes in the front of the superstructure. The superstructure has a small IR searchlight, six 81 mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launchers (three on each side). It is armed with one 7.62 mm PKT general purpose machine gun. RM-G is also equipped with different repair tools, electric welding equipment, diagnostic equipment and RM-G electricity supply system for starting engines of tanks and IFVs.^[16][1]
        • ATM "Berezina" (ATM stands for avariyno-transportnaya mashina) - Decommissioned BMP-1 converted into civilian multi-purpose emergency transport vehicle with built-up heated glazed crew and passenger compartment sections. It is equipped with a load platform with a capacity of 500 kg. "Berezina" was designed in early 1990s for delivering goods and passengers to hard-to-reach places, welding in field conditions and towing road vehicles.
          • ATM "Berezina-2" (ATM stands for avariyno-transportnaya mashina) - Improved version of ATM "Berezina" with additional repair tools and new electric welding equipment powered by the VG-7500 generator. Fuel tanks were relocated to the outside of the vehicle to safe space inside of the vehicle for 15 passengers. The vehicle however is no longer amphibious. It is produced by 140^th Tank Repair Works from Barysaw (Belarus). Full weight of "Berezina-2" is 13 tonnes.^[16][1]
        • LPM-1 (LPM stands for leso-pozharnaya mashina - forest fire fighting vehicle) - BMP-1 converted into a civil fire fighting vehicle. It is a result of cooperation between Russian Research Institute of Transport Engineering from Saint Petersburg and Belarussian 140^th Tank Repair Works from Barysaw. A small production run which began in 1992 and as of 2001, 25 vehicles were produced. LPM-1 is equipped with a 2000-litres cistern, NShN-600N fire pump with a capacity 600 l/min, a plough and one or two remote firehoses. It is sometimes incorrectly called PPM-1.^[16][1]
          • LPM-2 (LPM stands for leso-pozharnaya mashina - forest fire fighting vehicle) - Deeper conversion of BMP-1 into a civil fire fighting vehicle to be used against strong forest and peat fires. Development started in 1995. LPM-2 has a new larger superstructure with a 5000 litre cistern and is equipped with the NShN-600N fire pump, one main firehose from ATs-40(131)137 fire fighting vehicle and two remote firehoses, PKL-70 mounted ditching plough and R-123M VHF radio set. The suspension of BMP-1 was changed significantly, clearance increased to 480 mm and the vehicle weights 18.5 tonnes (full weight with water). Crew consists of 2 men (+ 4 firefighters). LPM-2 won Gold Medal in Exhibition of Fire-fighting Equipment in Brussels. Cyprus is planned to order these vehicles while Turkey purchased them already (Turkish specialists installed two Czech IFEX firehoses and new doors). It is produced by Belarussian 140^th Tank Repair Works from Barysaw.^[16]
        • Zaisan-2 - BMP-1 converted into a civil emergency vehicle used for transport of 12 men emergency response team and survival equipment to hard-to-reach places. It can be used for rescue operations during technogenic accidents and natural disasters. Developed by Tank Repair Works from Ust'-Kamenogorsk. It weights 10 tonnes.^[16][1]
        • Taiga - BMP-1 converted into a civil logging tractor. It is equipped with a motor-powered winch with a capacity of 9 tonnes and a logging hydraulic bulldozer blade. Developed by Tank Repair Works from Ust'-Kamenogorsk. It weights 8 tonnes.^[16][1]

[edit] Slovakia^[26]

BMP-1 fitted with Cobra overhead mount turret.

• BVP-1 armed with 30 mm gun in Cobra overhead mount turret. It is equipped with three smoke grenade launchers on either side of the turret.^[1]
  • BVP-1 armed with 30 mm gun in Cobra overhead mount turret. It is equipped with three types of smoke grenade launcher formations: three on the right hand side of the turret and two on the left side, or five on the right hand side of the turret, or six on the right hand side. It also has additional armour and ERA on the sides of the hull.^[1]
• OT-90M "Zarmod" - OT-90 APC fitted with an overhead-mount turret armed with 23 mm autocanon.^[1]
  • BVP-1M - Different name for OT-90M "Zarmod" (qv).
• DPK-90 (DPK stands for Delostrelecký Prieskumný Komplet) - Slovak artillery forward observer vehicle with thermal imaging camera mounted in armoured box on the front of the turret and the CCD camera. The armament was removed from the turret which was equipped with built-up optical sight mount on the top of the turret. It also has a mast mount on the right hand side of the rear of the troop compartment's roof. It was developed in 1994.^[1]Photos
• ZDR - Slovakian designation for the Czechoslovak AMB-S four-stretcher armoured ambulance.^[1]

[edit] South Africa

BMP-1 fitted with the IST Dynamics UMWP.

• BMP-1 fitted with the IST Dynamics Unmanned Multi-Weapon Platform armed with 30 mm 2A72 autocannon, 7.62 mm PKT coaxial general purpose machine gun, ATGM launcher for three Denel Ingwe ATGMs on the left-hand-side of the weapons station and 40 mm Denel-Vektor automatic grenade launcher. Its vision devices include a day/night gunner's sight incorporating the missile guidance unit and a panoramic primary stabilized commander's sight. It is also fitted with a digital ballistic fire control computer.^[1] The vehicle was shown on Africa Aerospace and Defence 2006 exhibition but only with a dummy of the weapon station.

[edit] Sweden

• Pbv 501 (Pbv stands for pansarbandvagn) - Swedish designation for 350 BMP-1A1 IFVs bought from Germany.
  • Pbv 501A (Pbv stands for pansarbandvagn) - Between 1999 and 2001, VOP 026 from the Czech Republic modified 350 Pbv 501 IFVs for the Swedish army. Pbv 501A has a slightly modified engine and transmission as well as asbestos protection system. The vehicle was fitted with new weapon racks, driving lights and side skirts, while the 9K11 or 9K111 ATGM system was removed. The safety standards were also improved.^[27]
    • Pbv 501A command variant.^[27]

[edit] Ukraine

• BMP-1U Shkval (Shkval - Squall) - Ukrainian 2001 modernization of BMP-1. The original turret was replaced with a new Shkval weapons station which was developed for light armored vehicles to increase their combat effectiveness. It bears a lot resemblance to earlier Russian KBP Instrument Design Bureau TKB-799 Kliver one-man weapons station. The Shkval weapons station is made out of domestic components and is armed with the 30 mm KBA-2 autocanon, ATGM launcher capable of firing 9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel) ATGM and 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher. Because the ammunition for weapons used in Shkval weapons station is very common around the world, there is no danger of shortage of it which makes it easier to maintain and lowers the cost of production. This gives it a better position on the export market. Because the Shkval weapons station is considerably bigger than the standard BMP-1 turret, the troop compartment was cut down and there's space for six troopers instead of eight. The first pair of roof hatches cannot be opened. The vehicle also has other upgrades including flotation sides-skirts/mudguards, drive sprocket and tracks from the BMP-2.^[1][28]

[edit] References

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BMP family IFV