Blauer Portugieser
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Blauer Portugieser | |
|---|---|
| Species: | Vitis vinifera |
| Also called: | Autrichien, Badener, Blaue Feslauertraube, Feslauer, Kékoporto (Hungary), Portugizac Plavi(Croatia), Modra Porotugalka (Slovenia), Oporto, Portugais Bleu (France), Portugieser and Vöslauer |
| Origin: | Austria |
| Notable regions: | Rheinhessen, Pfalz |
Blauer Portugieser is a red Austrian and German wine grape found primarily in the Rheinhessen, Pfalz and wine regions of Lower Austria. It is also one of the permitted grapes in the Hungarian wine Egri Bikavér (Bull's blood). The cultivated area in Germany (as of 1 March 2004) covers 4,980 hectares (4.8% of the total cultivated area). Wine cellars usually vinify a simple light red wine, which is characterized by a fresh, tart and light body. It is also frequently vinified as a rosé. Blauer Portugieser is also very well suited as table grapes, however it is not sold as such because the selling of wine grapes as table grapes is not permitted in the European Union. Since 2000, higher quality wines have been vinified from Portugieser grapes. The use of oak provides additional aromas in order to compete with Bordeaux varieties.
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[edit] History
Despite the suggestion of the grape's name of having Portuguese origin, there is little evidence that ampelographers have uncovered to suggest that is the case. It is often said that the Austrian Baron von Fries brought it from Oporto to his estates near Voslau in 1772. In Hungary it is often called kekoporto for that reason. There is evidence to indicate that the grape was widely established in Austria by the 19th century when cuttings were brought to Germany. From there the grape increased in planting, becoming very popular during the German red wine boon of the 1970s when it surpassed Spätburgunder (Pinot noir) in red grape plantings.[1]
[edit] Viticulture and winemaking
The grape is a relatively easy to grow due to high resistance to various vine and grape disease such coulure. It does have some susceptible to oidium though. The vine can be very prolific producing yields that often average 7 tons per acre (120 hl/ha). A negative consequences of these high yields is that this normally magnifies the grape's naturally low acidity level which, if not corrected during winemaking, can produce "flabby" and dull wines.[1] Being produced in generally cool climates, the grape is often chaptalized to boost the alcohol levels. In the past some producers would excessively chaptalize to the point where the higher sugar levels would stun the yeast during fermentation, leaving noticeable amounts of residual sugar and sweetness in the wine.[2]
[edit] Wine regions
The grape is most commonly found in Austria and Germany but also has some presence in Central Europe. In Austria the grape is grown in Lower Austria around the towns of Alberndorf im Pulkautal, Retz and Thermenregion. It is Austria's third most planted red grape variety after Zweigelt and Blaufränkisch. In Germany the grape is often found in the Rheinhessen and Pfalz where it is used to make every day table wine and Weissherbst (rosé). In the Ahr, it is often blended with Spätburgunder. In Romania and Hungary the grape was once known as Kékoporto or "blue port" but has been increasing called Portugieser in recent times. Here the grape can produce a deep color, more fuller bodied wine that is often aged in oak. It is often blended with Kékfrankos (Blaufränkisch) and is a permitted ingredient in the wine Egri Bikavér (Bull's blood). In Hungary it is primarily grown around the town of Villány.[1] In Croatia, the grape is made in a Beaujolais nouveau style. In South West France the grape is known as Portugais Bleu and is on the decline in the Tarn department but it is still a permitted grape in the Gaillac wine Gaillac Rouge.[2]
[edit] Synonyms
In other parts of the world the grape is known under a variety of synonyms including Autrichien, Badener, Blaue Feslauertraube, Feslauer, Kékoporto (Hungary), Modrý Portugal (Czech Republic), Portugizac Plavi (Croatia), Modra Portugalka (Slovenia), Oporto, Portugais Bleu (France), Portugieser, Vöslauer, Portugizac Crni and Portugaljka.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c J. Robinson (ed) "The Oxford Companion to Wine" Third Edition pg 542 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0198609906
- ^ a b J. Robinson Vines, Grapes & Wines pg 219 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1857329996
