Blandina

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Saint Blandina
Blandina half-roasted on a grill and then thrown to wild bulls
Martyr
Born	unknown, Lyon, France
Died	177 AD, Lyon, France
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Western Rite Orthodoxy, Eastern Catholic Churches
Major shrine	Church of Saint-Leu, Amiens, France [1]
Feast	June 2
Attributes	A bull [2], depicted tied to a pillar with a lion and bear near her [3]
Patronage	those falsely accused of cannibalism, servant girls, torture victims
Saints Portal

Saint Blandina (French : Blandine, d. 177) was a virgin and martyr.

1 Legend
2 Historical View
3 Memory
4 References
5 See also

[edit] Legend

She belongs to the band of martyrs of Lyon who, after some of their number had endured frightful tortures, suffered a martyrdom in the reign of Marcus Aurelius (177) and concerning whose death we have the report sent by the Church of Lyon to the Churches of Asia Minor (Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, V, 2). The fanaticism of the Roman populace in Lyon had been excited against the Christians so that the latter, when they ventured to show themselves publicly, were harassed and ill-treated.

While the imperial legate was away, the chiliarch, a military commander, and the duumvir, a civil magistrate, threw a number of Christians, who confessed their faith, into prison. When the legate returned, the imprisoned believers were brought to trial. Among these Christians was Blandina, a slave, who had been taken into custody along with her master, also a Christian. Her companions greatly feared that on account of her bodily frailty she might not remain steadfast under torture. But although the legate caused her to be tortured in a horrible manner, so that even the executioners became exhausted "as they did not know what more they could do to her", still she remained faithful and repeated to every question "I am a Christian, and we commit no wrongdoing."

Amphithéâtre des Trois-Gaules, in Lyon. The pole in the arena is a memorial to the martyrs, including Blandina.

Through fear of torture heathen slaves had testified against their masters that the Christians when assembled committed cannibalism and incest, and the legate desired to wring confession of this misconduct from the Christian prisoners. The legate received instructions from the Emperor Marcus Aurelius allowing the Roman citizens who persisted in the faith to be executed by beheading (Eusebius, HE 5.1.47), but those without citizenship were to be tortured. Blandina was therefore subjected to new tortures with a number of companions in the amphitheater at the time of the public games. She was bound to a stake and wild beasts were set on her. According to legend, they did not, however, touch her. After enduring this for a number of days she was led into the arena to see the sufferings of her companions. Finally, as the last of the martyrs, she was scourged, placed on a red-hot grate, enclosed in a net and thrown before a wild steer who tossed her into the air with his horns, and at last killed with a dagger.

[edit] Historical View

The tradition of the story is stated in Eusebius, History of the Church (Historia Ecclesiastica), although the events would not be in tune with the official policy worked out by Pliny the Younger and the Emperor Trajan a few decades earlier. This policy declared Christianity "to be illegal, but that members of the faith were not to be sought, but punished if the charge was proven." That would make it necessary to add punishable offenses to the charges of being Christians to justify the torture. Nevertheless, there were some local (not general) anti-Christian persecutions in the early years of Christianity. Emperor Marcus Aurelius personally had nothing to do with the Lyon affair, but was criticized for not intervening. It can be argued that the emperor was busy fighting the Quadi and Marcomanni, who were intent upon invading the Roman Empire at the Danube River.