Black Operation
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A Black Operation or Black Op is a covert operation typically involving activities that are highly secret due to questionable ethics and legality. The term itself is often used in political, military, intelligence and business circles. Agents or persons who specialise or are involved in a black operation are typically referred to as a "Black Operator" or "Black Operative." (see external links)
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[edit] Origins
Black Ops missions often fall into the deniability category, where no government will claim responsibility for the action, or where responsibility is shifted to another actor in the case of a "false flag" operation. This type of operation is normally used by various secret services to achieve some goals while trying to operate secretly (so the connection between "black operations" and secret agents or even the country of their origin cannot be found). The methods used in black operations are also used in unconventional warfare and includes actions like assassinations, espionage, sabotages, and supporting of resistance movements.
[edit] In Fiction
Black operations are a popular subject in literature, television, cinema, and video games, featuring most often in thrillers and science fiction.
[edit] Books
- Jason Bourne, a fictional Treadstone 71 operative of the Central Intelligence Agency, created by Robert Ludlum.
- James Bond, a fictional British spy written by Ian Fleming.
- Mack Bolan, fictional mercenary of Stony Man, created by Don Pendleton.
- John Clark, CIA agent on Ryanverse by Tom Clancy.
- Sam Fisher, a field operative working for a fictional group called Third Echelon. They are not written by Tom Clancy even though his name is on it. They are based on the Splinter Cell video games.
[edit] Comics
- The Losers, a graphic novel written by Andy Diggle and illustrated by Jock.
- The Outsiders, a superhero organization in the DC Comics universe
- The Justice League Elite, a short-lived branch of the Justice League in the DC Comics universe.
- The Suicide Squad, an organization in the DC Comics universe
- Metal Gear Solid, comic books/graphic novels based on the popular Metal Gear Solid video games by Hideo Kojima
[edit] Film
- Ethan Hunt, protagonist of the Mission: Impossible films
- James Bond, the protagonist of an ongoing series of films inspired by the Ian Fleming spy series
- Jason Bourne, the protagonist of a trilogy of films inspired by the Robert Ludlum novels.
- Spartan, a film written and directed by David Mamet starring Val Kilmer.
- Munich, a film written and directed by Steven Spielberg starring Eric Bana.
- JFK, a film directed by Oliver Stone about the possible conspiracy surrounding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy
- Clive Owen, the protagonist of the film Shoot 'Em Up, directed by Michael Davis, is a black operative.
[edit] Television
- Alias, a television series created by J.J. Abrams
- Dexter, a television series based on the books by Jeff Lindsay, mentions that the character Sergeant Doakes was once part of a "Black Op" in Haiti.
- The Unit, a television series created by David Mamet
- Mission: Impossible, a television series created by Bruce Geller
- 24, a television series created by Joel Surnow and Robert Cochran
- Spooks, known in the U.S. as MI-5 is a British television drama series, produced by the independent production company Kudos for BBC One.
- Jericho, a television series created by John Turteltuab et. al.
- Naruto (TV Anime series), anbu black ops.
[edit] Video Games
- Black, a video game of the events that lead to a Black Op agent's military investigation.
- Splinter Cell, a video game series focusing on Sam Fisher and his covert operations. There are several books written that are based on the game, however, they are not written by Tom Clancy, even though they carry his name.
- Metal Gear Solid, a video game series focusing on Solid Snake, a retired Black Ops soldier who battles a renegade special forces unit.
- Half Life and Half Life: Opposing Force, two video games in which the silent protagonist must battle an array of enemies, including a mysterious group of Black Ops.
[edit] External Links
- Mayer, Jane. "Outsourcing Torture". The New Yorker, 30 May 2008.
- Stephen Gray and Don Van Natta. Thirteen With the C.I.A. Sought by Italy in a Kidnapping The New York Times. 25 June 2005.
[edit] See Also
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