Binswanger's disease
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| Binswanger's disease Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | I67.3 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 290.12 |
| DiseasesDB | 1405 |
| MeSH | D015140 |
Binswanger's disease or Subcortical Leukoencephalopathy is a rare form of multi-infarct dementia caused by damage to white brain matter.[1] It is characterized by loss of memory and intellectual function and by changes in mood.
It was described by Otto Binswanger in 1894.[2] Alois Alzheimer first used the phrase "Binswanger's disease" in 1902.[3]
It was more formally described by Olszewski in 1962.[4][5]
The term is sometimes considered too imprecise for formal nosology.[6]
[edit] Presentation
Binswanger's disease is one of the neurological syndromes associated with hypertension. It is uncommon, but obviously devastating. The histologic findings are diffuse, irregular loss of axons and myelin accompanied by widespread gliosis. Small infarcts may be seen in the frontal lobes. The pathologic mechanism may be damage caused by severe atherosclerosis.
A patient with long term severe hypertension develops progressive dementia. CT scans of the head demonstrate a diffuse loss of deep hemispheric white matter.
[edit] Prognosis
Binswanger's disease has no known treatment, let alone cure, although drugs used to treat high blood pressure, depression, arrhythmia and low blood pressure are used to treat the condition's symptoms.[7]
[edit] References
- ^ Akiguchi I, Tomimoto H, Suenaga T, Wakita H, Budka H (1997). "Alterations in glia and axons in the brains of Binswanger's disease patients". Stroke 28 (7): 1423–9. PMID 9227695.
- ^ Pantoni L, Moretti M, Inzitari D (1996). "The first Italian report on "Binswanger's disease"". Ital J Neurol Sci 17 (5): 367–70. doi:. PMID 8933231.
- ^ Review: Binswanger's disease, leukoaraiosis and dementia. Retrieved on 2008-01-30.
- ^ Loeb C (2000). "Binswanger's disease is not a single entity". Neurol. Sci. 21 (6): 343–8. PMID 11441570.
- ^ Olszewski J (1962). "Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. Review of the literature on the so-called Binswanger's disease and presentation of two cases". World Neurol 3: 359–75. PMID 14481961.
- ^ Pantoni L, Garcia JH (1995). "The significance of cerebral white matter abnormalities 100 years after Binswanger's report. A review". Stroke 26 (7): 1293–301. PMID 7604429.
- ^ binswangers at NINDS
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