Bell tower

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For the office building in Edmonton, Canada, see Bell Tower.

A tower containing one or more bells, typically part of a church, is a bell tower; attached to a city hall or other civil building, it is usually named belfry; the occasional free standing one may be referred to by its Italian name, campanile. Such towers are now rarely constructed but are kept primarily for their historic value.

1 Purpose
2 Distribution
3 Etymology: belfry
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 References
7 External links

[edit] Purpose

The bell is rung to signify the time, for special events such as weddings and funerals, or especially in old days to sound a civil defense or fire alarm.

Bell towers may also contain carillons, a musical instrument traditionally composed of large bells which are sounded by cables, chains, or cords connected to a keyboard. These can be found in many churches in Europe and at some college and university campuses. In modern constructions that do not qualify as carillons, rather than using heavy bells the sound may be produced by the striking of small metal rods whose vibrations are amplified electronically and sounded through loudspeakers. Simulated carillon systems have also used recordings or samplings of bells onto tape, compact disc, or memory chips.^[1]

[edit] Distribution

Historic belfries exist throughout Europe, from Ireland to Russia. Bruges, Ypres, Ghent, Lille, Tournai and Douai have famous examples. Not all are on a large scale; the "bell" tower of Katúň, in Slovakia, is typical of the many more modest structures which were once common in country areas. In the Middle Ages, cities sometimes kept their important documents in belfries.

In 1999 thirty-two Belgian belfries were added to the UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. In 2005 this list was extended with one Belgian and twenty-three French belfries and is since known as Belfries of Belgium and France. Most of these were attached to civil buildings, mainly city halls, as symbols of the greater power the cities in the region got in the Middle Ages; a small number of buildings not connected with a belfry, such as bell towers of—or with their—churches, occur also on this same list (details).

[edit] Etymology: belfry

The word belfry comes from Old French berfrei which is derived from Germanic bergan "to protect" and frithuz "peace"; that is, it was originally a watch tower providing protection against hostile incursions. These towers usually contained an alarm bell or bells, thus Middle English speakers thought berfrei had something to do with bells: they altered it to belfry, an interesting example of the process of folk etymology.^{[citation needed]} Today's Dutch belfort seems to combine the bell with the stronghold.

[edit] Gallery

Primitive bell tower at Katúň, Slovakia	Ivan The Great Bell Tower	Belfry of Aalst	Leaning Tower of Pisa
Sibiu Lutheran Cathedral, Sibiu, Romania	Belfry of Bruges	Belfry of St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev	Dumaguete Belfry
Belfry of Ghent	Belfry of Lille	Torre dos Clérigos	The "Storke Tower" at University of California, Santa Barbara
The bell tower at University of California, Riverside	The modern bell tower and adjacent pergola at Rockhurst University in Kansas City, Missouri	Bell tower of Kiev Pechersk Lavra	The Cathedral of San Agustin bell/clock tower in Laredo, Texas
The Clark College chime tower in Vancouver, Washington	Administration building west bell tower at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas, US	The modern bell tower of 'Swan Bells' of Perth, Western Australia