Baytown, Texas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| City of Baytown | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| Counties | Harris, Chambers |
| Incorporated | January 24, 1948 |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Stephen H. DonCarlos |
| Area | |
| - Total | 33.2 sq mi (85.9 km²) |
| - Land | 32.7 sq mi (84.6 km²) |
| - Water | .5 sq mi (1.3 km²) |
| Elevation | 34 ft (10.3 m) |
| Population (2000)[1] | |
| - Total | 66,430 |
| - Density | 2,031/sq mi (785.2/km²) |
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) |
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| ZIP codes | 77520-77522 (77523 will be added as of July 1, 2008.) |
| Area code(s) | 281 |
| FIPS code | 48-06128[2] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1380966[3] |
| Website: http://www.baytown.org | |
Baytown is a city in Chambers and Harris Counties in the Gulf Coast region of the U.S. state of Texas. Located within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area, it lies along both State Highway 146 and Interstate 10. As of the 2000 U.S. Census, Baytown had a total population of 66,430 (though the 2005 census estimate placed the city's population at 68,371) and it is the fourth-largest city within the metropolitan area.
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[edit] History
The area of Baytown began to be settled as early as 1822. One of its earliest residents was Nathaniel Lynch, who set up a ferry crossing at the junction of the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou. The ferry service that he started is still in operation today, now known as the Lynchburg Ferry. Other early residents of Baytown include William Scott, one of Stephen F. Austin's Old Three Hundred, and Ashbel Smith, who owned a plantation in the area.
The city now known as Baytown was originally three separate towns. The first of these was Goose Creek, named for the bayou of the same name where Canadian Geese wintered and whose name is still reflected in the area's Goose Creek CISD), whose establishment dates back to before 1850. This was followed by the rival communities of Pelly in the late 1910s, and East Baytown in the early 1920s. The "East" in East Baytown was later dropped because it was west of Goose Creek.
Serious talk of merging the three cities began shortly after World War I, but the community of Baytown was opposed to this idea. However, in 1947, the three cities finally agreed to consolidate. The citizens settled on the name Baytown for the new combined city. Baytown as it is known today was officially founded January 24, 1948.
In 1916, the Humble Oil & Refining Company, founded by one-time Texas governor Ross S. Sterling and his associates, built the first offshore drilling operation in Texas and the second in the United States. The company later built the Baytown Refinery, which would become one of the largest Exxon Refineries in the world. Since then, many other refineries have been built in the area. Exxon-Mobil is still one of the major employers in the city and now runs over ten plants in the area.
Another major industry in Baytown began in 1970 when United States Steel opened the Texas Works near the city. The 48 inch seamless pipe used in the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System was produced at the facility's pipe mill. The plant was officially closed in July 1986 (never reopening after a nationwide strike against the company), due to a poor economic climate and the decline of American steel in the 1980s.
In 1988, Houston Raceway Park opened. It is a major motorsports complex featuring National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) races and a robust weekly drag racing program. The venue accommodates 40,000 fans and is one of the most respected racing facilities in the state. In 2000 the venue added a state-of-the art High-Banked dirt oval race track that hosts races each year from March through October.
[edit] Geography
Baytown is located at (29.743752, -94.965767)[4], 22 miles (35 km) east of Houston.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 33.2 square miles (85.9 km²), of which, 32.7 square miles (84.6 km²) of it is land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km²) of it (1.51%) is water.
Baytown is bordered by water on three sides. Along the south and west is Galveston Bay. On the east is Cedar Bayou. The city of roughly bordered along the north by Interstate 10. Portions of the city to the east of Cedar Bayou reside in Chambers County, Texas.
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 66,430 people, 23,483 households, and 17,025 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,034.4 people per square mile (785.6/km²). There were 26,203 housing units at an average density of 802.4/sq mi (309.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 67.87% White, 13.38% African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.98% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 14.42% from other races, and 2.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 34.24% of the population.
There were 23,483 households out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.32.
In the city the population was spread out with 30.0% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $40,559, and the median income for a family was $45,346. Males had a median income of $38,039 versus $25,012 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,641. About 13.0% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.9% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Regional city
Because of Baytown's industry, it serves as a central city for several communities in the Eastern region of Greater Houston including the eastern portion of Harris County, western Chambers County, and south-western Liberty County. Also, the city is a primary city of the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area.
San Jacinto Mall is a regional shopping mall that opened in 1982 and is one of the largest shopping malls in the region. However, economic changes in the area have left the mall largely vacant. The city is also home to major retail establishments such as Kroger, Target, Lowe's, Home Depot, Wal-Mart, and Best Buy.
The Baytown Sun serves as the region's newspaper.
The Baytown Little Theater is a community theater in Baytown run entirely by volunteers. The theater has been in operation for 45 years (as of 2007) and is one of the longest continuously running community theaters in the state of Texas. The theater typically produces six shows each year from September to August, with each show giving seven performances.
In July of 2007 a woman driving a Ford Taurus passed out at the wheel and drove into the side of the Baytown Little Theater and came to rest in the middle of the arena theatre stage. The organization is currently working at finding and securing a new space.
[edit] Neighborhoods
[edit] Education
[edit] Primary and secondary schools
[edit] Public schools
Baytown is served by the Goose Creek Consolidated Independent School District. Based in Baytown, the district has 14 elementary schools (grades K-5), 5 junior highs (grades 6-8), 2 high schools (grades 9-12), a career center, and two alternative centers for education. The district serves all of Baytown, Highlands, outlying areas of East Harris County, and a small portion of western Chambers County. The two local high schools, Robert E. Lee (opened in 1928) and Ross S. Sterling (opened in 1967) have long had a friendly rivalry between them.
Following several years of research and debate, voters passed a $120 million bond referendum in 2005 to improve present facilities and replace several existing schools and build new ones. Included in this package is a third high school, a new elementary school, and plans for a sixteenthth elementary to be drawn. One junior high school and one elementary school are due to be replaced. Lee High School will be reformatted to a smaller campus and the auxiliary campus will be converted to its original purpose as an alternative educational center. Additionally, the district will add new classrooms and improve its football stadium.
Stallworth Stadium is the home for varsity football and soccer for GCCISD as well as for the annual Bayou Bowl. The stadium seats approximately 16,000 fans, making it one of the largest high school sports venues in the nation. It is currently undergoing a renovation of its press box and has newly installed turf and scoreboard.
Goose Creek Memorial, the third High School, will be completed in the fall with the first class for the 2008-2009 school year.
[edit] Private schools
The area is also served by Baytown Christian Academy, San Jacinto Christian Academy, and St. Joseph Catholic School. The Catholic school is a part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston.
[edit] Colleges and universities
East Harris County and West Chambers County are served by Lee College, a two-year junior college.
[edit] Public libraries
The City of Baytown operates the Sterling Municipal Library [1]. In addition Baytown residents are served by the Harris County Public Library system.
[edit] Parks
Harris County operates the J. D. Walker Community Center in the city.
[edit] Community services
Harris County Hospital District operates the Baytown Health Center in Baytown.
[edit] Transportation
Greyhound Bus Lines operates the Baytown Station at Baytown Travel Express [2].
Baytown Airport is a privately-owned general aviation airport in unincorporated Harris County located north of Baytown. RWJ Airpark is a privately-owned airport three miles east of Baytown in Beach City. The closest airports with commercial airline service are William P. Hobby Airport and George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston.[5]
Baytown is served by METRO express route 236 during the rush hours, sending commuters to downtown Houston[6].
Baytown is linked by Interstate 10, State Highway 146 (Lanier Freeway), Business 146 (the former Loop 201) and Spur 330 (Decker Drive). It is also linked by the Fred Hartman Bridge, which crosses into the city from nearby La Porte; the bridge was built in 1995 replacing the Baytown Tunnel.
[edit] Public Safety
Baytown's law enforcement is provided by a municipal police department, Precinct 3 Harris County Constable office, and city marshal service.
Fire, rescue, and hazardous materials response is provided by the Baytown Fire Department.
Emergency Medical Services are provided by Baytown EMS, a division of the Baytown Health Department.
[edit] Community information
Baytown Branch YMCA is located in Baytown.
[edit] Notable people from Baytown
- Joseph Hugh Allen -- Reform state representative from 1967-1979; later lobbyist
- Rocky Bernard – American football player DT of the Seattle Seahawks
- Trey Brooks – Lee graduate, TCU graduate star baseball player that was drafted by the Chicago Cubs in the 1981 MLB draft
- William Broyles, Jr.
- Gary Busey – American actor born and raised in Baytown
- Chris Cagle – Country musician graduate of Ross S. Sterling High School
- Charissa Chamorro
- Macey Cruthird
- Bobby Fuller
- John Hagee -- Cornerstone Church of San Antonio
- Brian Jennings
- Brian Johnson – Utah Utes star Quarterback
- Joe Tex
- Leeland Mooring – Lead singer of Christian rock band Leeland
- Margo Sappington
- Wilburn Snyder - Baptist pastor and survivor of Bataan Death March[7]
- Drew Tate – Former star Quarterback for the Iowa Hawkeyes from 2003 to 2006
- J.D. Wilkes
- Renée Zellweger
[edit] References
- ^ US Census Bureau Population Finder: Baytown city, TX. factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved on 2007-07-01.
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ "Transportation." City of Baytown
- ^ http://ridemetro.org/pdf/routes/eastcorridor.pdf
- ^ http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/deaths/5784295.html
[edit] External links
- City of Baytown homepage
- Baytown housing values and trends
- Baytown from the Handbook of Texas Online
- OurBaytown - Baytown's Historical Resource - Baytown Bert
- Baytown, Texas is at coordinates Coordinates:
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Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown METROPOLITAN AREA |
|---|---|
| Counties | Austin | Brazoria | Chambers | Fort Bend | Galveston | Harris | Liberty | Montgomery | San Jacinto | Waller |
| "Principal" cities |
Houston | Sugar Land | Baytown | Galveston |
| Cities and towns |
Alvin | Angleton | Bellaire | Cleveland | Clute | Conroe | Dayton | Deer Park | Dickinson | Freeport | Friendswood | Galena Park | Hitchcock | Hempstead | Humble | Jacinto City | Jersey Village | Katy | Lake Jackson | La Marque | La Porte | League City | Liberty | Meadows Place | Missouri City | Pasadena | Pearland | Richmond | Rosenberg | Santa Fe | Seabrook | Sealy | South Houston | Stafford | Texas City | Tomball | Webster | West University Place |
| Unincorporated areas | Atascocita | Channelview | Cloverleaf | Cypress | Klein | Spring | The Woodlands |
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